不同製程對鋯-銅-鋁非晶質合金內析出ZrCu B2相分布及其機械性質影響之研究

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陳世瑋(Shih-wei Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

不同製程對鋯-銅-鋁非晶質合金內析出ZrCu B2相分布及其機械性質影響之研究
(Effect of casting process on the distribution of ZrCu B2 phase and mechanical properties of the Zr-Cu-Al glassy alloy)

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摘要(中)

由於金屬玻璃其獨特的優良性質，使其成為各國近年來炙手可熱並且積極開發的新興材料之一。但除了良好的機械性質之外，金屬玻璃缺乏塑性此一缺點大大限制了其可應用的範圍，因此許多進階研究利用複合材料的觀念，以內析出(In-situ)或是外添加(Ex-situ)的方式使金屬玻璃基地內產生第二相(Second phase)，能有效地改善此一缺點。
　　本實驗設計分別利用傾倒式鑄造(Tilt-casting)、吸鑄式鑄造(Suction-casting)、射出成型(Injection)以及淬火(Quench)四種不同製程製備Zr47.5Cu47.5Al5與Zr48Cu47.5Al4Co0.5不同尺寸(直徑2~4mm)非晶質合金圓柱複材，先觀察由上述四種不同製程所製作之金屬玻璃複材中In-situ的體心立方之鋯銅相(BCC-ZrCu phase)及孔洞之分布情形，然後進行單軸向壓縮測試，同時並計算不同製備方式所得樣品之雷諾數(Reynolds number)與其金相結構關係，進一步釐清析出相及孔洞之尺寸及分布對其機械性質之影響。
　　單軸向壓縮測試結果顯示，所有製程之2mm棒材均較其他尺寸之棒材有較佳的塑性表現，而其中以傾倒式鑄造之Zr48Cu47.5Al4Co0.5　2mm棒材具有最佳表現，其塑性變形量可達16%，經由雷諾數的計算可得知，以傾倒式鑄造的雷諾數值較低，流體流動狀態較接近層流，表示流體分層流動，互不混合，因此，相較於其他製程，傾倒式鑄造製備的樣品非晶質合金基地內可以得到分布較均勻且顆粒尺寸較大的B2相，同時由於傾倒式鑄造的試片內部缺陷較少，因此具有較好的塑性。

摘要(英)

Owing to the unique and excellent properties of bulk metallic glass (BMG), it has become hot-spot and attracted lots of countries to develop it actively in recent year. However, the disadvantage of metallic glass is lack of ductility, which limits the range of application. Therefore, many studies use the concept of composite materials, by using the in-situ or ex-situ approach to generate the second phase in metallic glass matrix to restrict the shear band propagation and so as to improve the plasticity of BMGC.
In this research, we use four different processes, tilt-casting, suction-casting, injection-casting, and directly quenching to make the different size (2~4mm) of Zr48Cu47.5Al4Co0.5 and Zr47.5Cu47.5Al5 BMGC rods. Using the four different processes to observe the distribution of holes and in-situ ZrCu B2 phase. The size and distribution of B2 phase and porosity were examined by optical microscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy. Then the mechanical properties of these BMGC rods were obtained by uniaxial compression test. In addition, the Reynolds number of each process was also estimated to figure out the formation of B2 second phase, and relate to its mechanical performance.
After uniaxial compression testing, the 2mm diameter BMGC rods made from each casting process have the better plasticity than the other diameter samples. Among all the 2mm-diameter samples, the tilt casting 2mm-diameter Zr48Cu47.5Al4Co0.5 sample present the best mechanical performance, it can reach 16% plastic deformation. Through the calculation of Reynolds number, tilt-casting has lower value of Reynolds number and the fluid flow mode close to the laminar flow. Therefore, this more stable melt flow makes the formation of ZrCu B2 phase to form a larger size and more homogeneous distribution in the amorphous matrix.
In this research also use ultrasonic testing to discuss the mechanical properties of metallic glass composite rods, such as Poisson’s ratio, shear modulus and bulk modulus etc. Among the rods by tilt casting have much better mechanical performances because of much lower defects in the rods.

關鍵字(中)

★ 相變化誘發塑性
★ 雷諾數
★ 非晶質合金複材

關鍵字(英)

★ TRIP effect
★ Reynold’s number
★ Amorphous alloy composite

論文目次

總目錄

中文摘要……………………………………………………………..…Ⅰ
英文摘要……………………………………………………………..…Ⅲ
總目錄……………………………………………………………..……Ⅴ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅸ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………..……XI
第一章研究背景………………………………………………………1
1-1 前言……………………………………………………...1
1-2 研究動機………………………………………………...2
第二章理論基礎………………………………………………………4
2-1 非晶質合金概述………………………………………...4
2-2 非晶質合金的發展歷程………………………………...5
2-3 實驗歸納法則…………………………………………...6
2-4 非晶質合金製造方法…………………………………...7
2-5 非晶質合金之種類…………………………………….10
2-6 非晶質合金之特性…………………………………….11
2-6-1 機械性質……………………………………...12
2-6-2 耐腐蝕性質…………………………………...13
2-6-3 磁性質………………………………………...13
2-6-4 其他性質……………………………………...14
2-7 非晶質合金熱力學…………………………………….14
2-7-1 非晶質平衡態………………………………...14
2-7-2 玻璃轉換溫度Tg………………………..…….15
2-7-3 玻璃形成能力指標………………………..….16
2-7-3-1 簡化玻璃溫度……………………………16
2-7-3-2 γ值………………………………………..17
2-7-3-3 γm值………………………………………17
2-7-3-4 ΔTx值……………………………………..18
2-8 雷諾數………………………………………………….18
2-9 相變誘發塑性現象…………………………………….19
2-10 超音波量測原理……………………………………….20
第三章實驗步驟……………………………………………………..31
3-1 合金配置……………………………………………….32
3-2 合金融煉……………………………………………….32
3-3 棒材製作……………………………………………….33
3-3-1 吸鑄式鑄造…………………………………...33
3-3-2 傾倒式鑄造…………………………………...33
3-3-3 射出成型……………………………………...34
3-3-4 淬火…………………………………………...34
3-4 熱性質分析…………………………………………….35
3-5 微結構分析…………………………………………….36
3-5-1 X光繞射儀……………………………………36
3-5-2 掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散射質譜儀……...36
3-5-3 光學顯微鏡…………………………………...37
3-6 機械性質分析…………………………………………37
3-6-1 壓縮性質測試………………………………...37
3-6-2 硬度測試…. ………………………………….38
3-6-3 超音波測試……………………………….......38
3-7 雷諾數分析…………………………………………….39
第四章結果與討論…………………………………………………..52
4-1 微結構分析…………………………………………….52
4-1-1 X光繞射分析…………………………………52
4-1-2 能量分散質譜儀分析………………………...53
4-1-3 各製程ZrCu B2相顆粒大小及分布情形……54
4-1-4 孔洞率分析…………………………………...54
4-2 熱性質分析……………………………………………55
4-3 機械性質分析…………………………………………56
4-3-1 微硬度分析…………………………………...56
4-3-2 超音波測試分析……………………………...57
4-3-3 單軸向壓縮試驗分析………………………...58
4-4 壓縮後試片SEM破斷面觀察………………………..60
4-5 雷諾數分析……………………………………………63
4-6 不同銅模溫度下所製備Zr48Cu47.5Al4Co0.5棒材ZrCu B2
相分布及其機械性質分析……………………………65
4-6-1 X光繞射分析…………………………………66
4-6-2 不同冷卻銅模溫度ZrCu B2相顆粒大小及分布
情形…………………………………………....67
4-6-3 不同銅模溫度下所製備Zr48Cu47.5Al4Co0.5棒材
單軸向壓縮試驗分析………………………..68
第五章結論…………………………………………………………..99
第六章參考文獻……………………………………………………101

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指導教授

鄭憲清(Shian-ching Jang)

審核日期

2014-7-21

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