博碩士論文 102326011 詳細資訊




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姓名 湯蕾(Lei Tang)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 環境工程研究所
論文名稱 固定化微藻去除廢水中氮磷之研究
(Study on the Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Wastewater by Immobilized Microalgae)
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摘要(中) 本研究之目的為探討固定化微藻於廢水處理中之氮磷去除效率,而使用固定化微藻為解決在處理後,不易分離、難以採收Chlorella sp.之問題。本研究主要分為兩部分,分別為合成廢水及實際廢水之批次處理試驗,並以不同操作條件進行實驗。
由合成廢水實驗之結果顯示,當固定化藻類顆粒中之藻類初始濃度為1.0 g/L,並連續注入10 %之二氧化碳氣體進行實驗,可得最佳氨氮去除率70.5 %。並且在實際廢水實驗中,瞭解固定化微藻可於最終放流水及二級處理水中進行作用,並能夠充分攝取廢水中的氮磷,而於A廠最終放流水之實驗,可得極佳之氨氮及磷酸鹽去除率,分別為95 %和99 %。最後,分析藻類中油脂含量,可知利用固定化微藻於廢水處理後,證實其藻類仍具有做為生質柴油原料之潛力。
摘要(英) The purpose of this study was to investigate the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency from wastewater by immobilized microalgae, which mainly used to overcome the problems of collecting and separating Chlorella sp. after wastewater treatment. The experiments were carried out with synthetic as well as real wastewater in batch modes under different operation parameters.
The results of synthetic wastewater tests indicated that the maximum 70.5% of ammonia removal efficiency was obtained under the circumstances of 1.0 g/L initial algae concentration and 10% carbon dioxide concentration in gas flow. In actual wastewater tests, the results revealed that the immobilized algae could uptake nitrogen and phosphate from final effluent and secondary treated wastewater. In addition, the results also showed that the greatest nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency was 95% and 99%, respectively, by immobilized microalgae in “A Factory” wastewater. Finally, the analysis of oil content in microalgae after the experiment of wastewater treatment verified that algae still have great potentiality of being the biodiesel feedstock.
關鍵字(中) ★ 固定化微藻
★ 廢水
★ 氮磷去除
★ 生質柴油
關鍵字(英) ★ immobilized microalgae
★ wastewater
★ nitrogen and phosphorus removal
★ biodiesel
論文目次 摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 前言 1
1-1研究緣起 1
1-2研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2-1微藻應用的現況與價值 3
2-1-1微藻之生物特性 4
2-1-2藻類在廢水上之應用 5
2-1-3藻類在生質能上之應用 6
2-1-4小球藻(Chlorella sp.)之介紹 9
2-2廢水二級放流水處理之現況 11
2-2-1現行廢水二級放流水處理之問題 11
2-2-2現行微藻生物處理之問題 12
2-2-3微藻應用於廢水處理之優點 16
2-3微藻應用於廢水處理之機制 21
2-3-1微藻之固碳機制 21
2-3-2微藻利用氮磷之機制 23
2-3-3微藻產生油脂之機制 24
2-4微藻固定化 27
2-4-1微藻固定化之介紹 27
2-4-2微藻固定化之原理 31
2-4-3微藻固定化之優點 33
2-4-4藻體中油脂分析的方法 37
第三章 研究方法 39
3-1研究架構 39
3-2研究材料與藥品 40
3-2-1微藻來源及保存 40
3-2-2培養基及合成廢水配方 41
3-2-3實驗藥品 42
3-3實驗操作 43
3-3-1純化及培養微藻之實驗操作 43
3-3-2固定化之實驗操作步驟 45
3-3-3固定化藻類與懸浮性藻類的生長趨勢實驗操作 50
3-3-4合成廢水固碳去氮除磷實驗之操作 51
3-3-5實際廢水固碳去氮除磷實驗之操作 55
3-4分析方法 58
3-4-1分析項目 58
3-4-2分析藥品 59
3-4-3分析設備 60
第四章 結果與討論 61
4-1固定化最佳參數實驗 61
4-1-1固定化最適海藻酸鈉濃度及氯化鈣濃度 61
4-1-2固定化藻類及懸浮性藻類之生長趨勢 62
4-2合成廢水固碳去氮除磷實驗(改變CO2濃度及藻類初始濃度) 65
4-2-1不同二氧化碳濃度對於去氮除磷之影響 65
4-2-1-1 pH值變化 66
4-2-1-2藻類濃度變化 68
4-2-1-3氨氮濃度變化 73
4-2-1-4磷酸鹽濃度變化 75
4-2-2不同藻類初始濃度對於去氮除磷之影響 78
4-2-2-1 pH值變化 78
4-2-2-2藻類濃度變化 80
4-2-2-3氨氮濃度變化 84
4-2-2-4磷酸鹽濃度變化 86
4-3合成廢水固碳去氮除磷實驗(改善水中pH值) 89
4-3-1以硝酸鹽氮為氮源之實驗 90
4-3-1-1 pH值變化 90
4-3-1-2藻類濃度變化 92
4-3-1-3硝酸鹽氮及磷酸鹽濃度變化 94
4-3-2改變曝氣量之實驗 96
4-3-2-1 pH值變化 97
4-3-2-2藻類濃度變化 101
4-3-2-3氨氮及硝酸鹽氮濃度變化 106
4-3-2-4磷酸鹽濃度變化 109
4-3-3控制合成廢水pH值之實驗 111
4-3-3-1 pH值變化 112
4-3-3-2藻類濃度變化 115
4-3-3-3氨氮及硝酸鹽氮濃度變化 117
4-3-3-4磷酸鹽濃度變化 120
4-3-4總結合成廢水之實驗 124
4-3-4-1 pH值變化 124
4-3-4-2藻類濃度變化 127
4-3-4-3氨氮及磷酸鹽濃度變化 130
4-4實際廢水固碳去氮除磷實驗 133
4-4-1提供二氧化碳與否對於去氮除磷之影響 134
4-4-1-1 A廠最終放流水之結果 134
4-4-1-2 B廠最終放流水之結果 139
4-4-1-3 B廠二級處理水之結果 144
4-4-2改變廢水氮磷比對於去氮除磷之影響 148
4-4-2-1 A廠最終放流水之結果 149
4-4-2-2 B廠最終放流水之結果 152
4-4-2-3 B廠二級處理水之結果 154
4-4-3實際廢水實驗之藻類油脂分析 156
第五章 結論與建議 158
5-1結論 158
5-2建議 160
參考文獻 161
附錄一 固定化高濃度微藻之現象 170
附錄二 藻類初始濃度1.0 g/L實驗之各項分析數據圖 173
附錄三 二氧化碳濃度10 %實驗之各項分析數據圖 174
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指導教授 曾迪華(Dyi-Hwa Tseng) 審核日期 2016-6-17
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