具多排暫存格之越庫作業相關問題探討

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鄭潔(Chieh Cheng) 查詢紙本館藏

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工業管理研究所

論文名稱

具多排暫存格之越庫作業相關問題探討

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摘要(中)

隨著經濟的發展與資訊科技的進步，消費型態的改變讓市場已經轉變為少量且多樣化，而物流業者必須以少量、多樣、多頻率的配送方式來滿足消費者與零售商的需求。
越庫作業是物流作業中的一種策略，當物流中心收到各家供應商的貨物後，依顧客需求加以拆解、分類及堆放，接著裝上配送卡車，送往顧客所要求的交貨地點，其中所有的品項均不需進貨檢驗，也不會長時間儲存於物流中心。故透過越庫作業，可以消除存貨問題，並減去品項之進貨、入庫、儲存、理貨與訂單批次化等作業，能使訂單在最短的時間內被處理完成。
本研究針對配銷商型越庫（Distributor Cross Docking）的作業環境中，具有多排暫存格的佈置環境下，暫存區儲位指派規劃及揀貨點的選取並搭配不同的揀貨路徑為主要的探討重點，探討如何使品項從進貨到出貨的時間最小化，並規劃出一個有效率的越庫環境。本研究使用總系統執行時間（Total System Time, TST）、總揀貨時間（Total Picking Time, TPT）與總旅行距離（Total Distance, TD）做為績效指標，經由模擬之結果來探討三種法則搭配後對作業效率之影響。

摘要(英)

With the increase of the economy globalization and the rapid development of the internet, consumer market’s demand has become small-volume production of a wide range of different items. Under these circumstances, the operation of distribution center becomes the focus of competition for enterprise due to the product life cycles shorten and the concept of supply chain emerges.
Cross-docking is a strategy in logistics operations .We set items can transport to the logistics center by the supplier, and classify them in accordance with the orders. After the orders are completed, these items directly transport to the outbound dock waiting for shipping. In addition, the items do not need to store in the logistics center. Hence, we can eliminate items on the inbound, put away, and storage in the cross-docking environment.
This research proposed three decision-making strategies： storage assignment, picking point strategies and picking route strategies. Simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed strategies in three performance measures – Total System Time（TST）, Total Picking Time（TPT）, and Total Picking Distance（TPD）.

關鍵字(中)

★ 物流中心
★ 儲位指派
★ 越庫作業
★ 揀貨路徑

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

摘要 I
目錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 研究目的 2
1.4 研究環境與基本假設 3
1.5 研究方法與說明 5
1.6 論文架構 5
第二章文獻探討 8
2.1 物流 9
2.1.1 物流的定義 9
2.1.2 物流的功能 9
2.1.3 物流中心之探討 11
2.2 倉儲規劃 13
2.2.1 設施規劃 13
2.2.2 儲位指派 15
2.3 揀貨作業 17
2.3.1 揀貨方式 18
2.3.2 揀貨路徑 21
2.3.3 揀貨作業績效評估 25
2.4 越庫作業 25
2.4.1 越庫作業定義 25
2.4.2 越庫作業的類型 27
2.4.3 其他越庫作業相關文獻 29
第三章研究方法 32
3.1 方法架構 32
3.2 越庫作業流程說明 33
3.2.1 整體流程 33
3.2.2 進貨流程 34
3.2.3 理貨流程 36
3.3 越庫作業相關法則 40
3.3.1 進貨作業相關法則 40
3.3.2 貨車訂單選入相關法則 41
3.3.3 揀貨作業相關法則 44
3.4 暫存區儲存格指派法則 45
3.4.1 從靠近進貨月台之最左邊開始且橫向依序擺放 45
3.4.2 從靠近進貨月台之最左邊開始直向依序擺放 49
3.4.3 從靠近進貨月台之最左邊開始沿走道兩側依序擺放 51
3.4.4 從靠近理貨區之最左邊開始橫向依序擺放 53
3.4.5 從靠近理貨區之最左邊開始直向依序擺放 55
3.4.6 從靠近理貨區之最左邊開始沿走道兩側依序擺放 57
3.4.7 從靠近進貨月台中間開始橫向依序擺放 59
3.4.8 從靠近進貨月台中間開始直向依序擺放 62
3.4.9 從靠近進貨月台中間開始沿走道兩側依序擺放 65
3.4.10 從靠近理貨區中間開始橫向依序擺放 68
3.4.11 從靠近理貨區中間開始直向依序擺放 71
3.4.12 從靠近理貨區中間開始沿走道兩側依序擺放 74
3.5 揀貨點選取法則 77
3.5.1 擁有愈多品項存量之暫存區儲存格愈優先被挑選 77
3.5.2 擁有愈少品項存量之暫存區儲存格愈優先被挑選 81
3.5.3 離揀貨員走道行走距離愈短的暫存格愈優先被挑選 83
3.5.4 先挑選「品項存量最少」再「走道行走距離最短」之暫存格 85
3.5.5 先挑選「品項存量最多」再「走道行走距離最短」之暫存格 87
3.6 揀貨路徑 89
3.6.1 個別穿越式策略（Individual Traversal Strategy） 91
3.6.2 合併穿越式策略（Combine Traversal Strategy） 93
3.6.3 個別最大間隙策略（Individual Largest Gap Strategy） 95
3.6.4 合併最大間隙策略（Combine Largest Gap Strategy） 97
3.6.5 Nearest First Strategy 99
第四章實驗結果與分析 100
4.1 實驗設計 100
4.1.1 實驗環境 100
4.1.2 模擬實驗因子 102
4.1.3 績效評估準則 103
4.2 統計說明分析 104
4.2.1 依總進貨旅行距離（TRD）為績效評估值 105
4.2.2 依總系統執行時間（TST）為績效評估值 107
4.2.3 依總揀貨時間（TPT）為績效評估值 116
4.2.4 依總揀貨旅行距離（TPD）為績效評估值 125
4.3 實驗結論 135
第五章結論與後續研究建議 137
5.1 研究結論 137
5.2 未來研究建議 138
參考文獻 139
中文文獻 139
英文文獻 141

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英文文獻
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指導教授

何應欽

審核日期

2015-7-24

推文