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姓名 蘇莉笛(ASHISH SRISHTI) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 地球科學學系 論文名稱 測井資料的分析於兩處海底甲烷冰蘊藏區: 北阿拉斯加埃爾伯特山和墨西哥灣綠色峽谷的實際應用
(Well Log Analysis of Gas Hydrates Bearing Areas: Mt.Elbert, North Slope Alaska and Green Canyon, Gulf of Mexico)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) 天然氣水合物在全球已知的賦存分布主要存在於大陸棚、近海和極地地區。全世界將甲烷水合物視為潛在的替代性能源的焦點在未來將會持續成長，因此針對盆地或者長期堆積儲存的尺度針對甲烷冰的儲量進行準確的評估越顯重要，天然氣水合物的儲量主要與幾個重要的儲層參數有關其中包括儲存區域的範圍厚度孔隙度甲烷冰和游離氣的飽和度有關，天然氣水合物的分布和飽和度可以通過震波成像與剖面解釋來確定。其中三個最困難的儲集層參數是孔隙度天然氣水合物和游離氣飽和度的估算。具體的含水合物地層與層積物的屬性皆可透過井測或經過現場檢驗或實驗式的分析來獲取相關的資料。井測資料的處理尤其是針對天然氣的儲存量的研究過去已相當成熟，然針對甲烷水合物的測井分析相對而言則顯得較為先進。近年來，越來越多的深海鑽探與測勘長期致力於一直在尋找海洋底下天然氣水合物與企圖瞭解相關的地質控制條件，因此執行甲烷水合物的鑽井以及井測資料處理相關研究越顯其重要性。
本碩士論文的研究主要在於回顧近年來相關的天然氣水合物探勘在井測資料上面的研究包括北阿拉斯加埃爾伯特山和墨西哥灣綠色峽谷等地區所進行的測井資料處理分析和解釋，井測資料處理是使用TechLog - Quanti軟體針對井測資料的參數推導與評估，基本上依賴選擇最佳的儲集層模式進行資料處理以求得最佳的水合物反應參數與地層組成。資料處理的結果基本上涵蓋透過不同的儲集層模式、制約條件與軟體模組和數學方程式求取不同的地層組成或體積量等參數的估算，透過井測資料、背景地質資訊及cross plots的確認來推估相關的岩石物理參數、其他整體系統性與岩性模式相關的參數。
在埃爾伯特山所估算的水合物產量存在於兩個主要的地層深度範圍。這個深度範圍為2016-2060與2136-2180英呎，根據估算這兩個深度範圍內的甲烷水合物富集區的飽和度分別為61%及75%。在墨西哥灣綠色峽谷的三個組要的測井區，GC955-I，GC955-H，GC955-Q。相當厚的甲烷水合物富集儲存區，主要集中在於1300〜1500 fbsf。在GC955-Q的富集區可被鑑定為含泥質砂岩的地層，深度範圍為1360-1400 與1417-1427 fbsf。甲烷水合物的飽和度的估算主要介於20%-70%，其中游離氣的產生機率相當的高。GC955-H的甲烷水合物富集層則可視為相當富集的地點，主要為沙質儲集層深度範圍為1360-1440及1460-1469及1470-2186，甲烷氣水合物的估算介於70-80%主要於固定的甲烷水合物富集為主，井測資料的分析以評估甲烷水合物富集層內的孔隙度與含水飽和度的分析，亦在本碩士論文內提供。摘要(英) Occurrence of gas hydrate has been found worldwide in the continental self, marginal seas and polar region. As interest in gas hydrate as a potential energy resource continues to grow, the need for accurate assessments of the amount gas stored in gas hydrate at the accumulation or basin scale becomes more important. Potential gas hydrates production are strongly dependent on a number of reservoir parameters, including the areal extent of the gas hydrate occurrence, reservoir thickness,reservoir porosity and the degree of gas hydrate and free gas saturation. The distribution and saturation of gas hydrate can be determined by seismic imaging and interpretations. Three most difficult reservoir parameters to be determined are the porosity, degree of gas hydrate and free gas saturation. The detailed hydrate bearing sediment properties are available through well logging or from experimental/lab analyses of hydrate samples. Well log processing for oil and gas reserves is customary but processing for gas hydrates becomes relatively advanced. In recent years, a growing number of deep sea drilling expeditions have been dedicated to locating marine gas hydrates and understanding the geologic controls on their occurrence. This has led to execution of gas hydrate research drilling and down hole logging programs.
The purpose of this project is to review the responses of well logs to the presence of gas hydrates, at Mt. Elbert (ME), North Slope Alaska and Green Canyon (GC), Gulf of Mexico and carry out well log processing and analyses and interpretation. This is done by using the software package TechLog - Quanti. Evaluation is done by optimizing simultaneous equations between tools, response parameters and formation component volumes described by one or more interpretation models. The information consists of a set of tools, or equations; a set of formation components, or volumes, and a set of constraints. Implicitly response parameters and other global and model-specific
parameters are derived from the log curves, background geological information, and confirmed using cross plots.
At the Mt.Elbert gas hydrates production is identified at two stratigraphic sections bearing reservoir-quality sandstone between 2016-2060ft and 2136-2180ft .Both zones displayed gashydrate saturations with values between 60% and 75%. At Green Canyon Gulf Of Mexico three sites were drilled GC955-I, GC955-H, GC955-Q and thick gas-hydrate-filled sand reservoir section has been discovered within the depth interval of 1300~15fbsf. At GC955-Q Gulf Of Mexico gas hydrates bearing zones are identified as shaly sand zones between 1360-1400 fbsf and 1417-1427 fbsf with GH saturations with values varying between 20% to 70 % with occurrence of free gas . At GC955-H Gulf Of Mexico gas hydrates bearing zones are identified as mud rich zones with sand reservoirs between 1360-1440 fbsf , 1460-1469 fbsf and 1470-2186 and 1470-2186 with GH saturations varying between 70~80% with presence of Gas hydrates rich reservoirs.. The description of the existing well log evaluation techniques used to characterize porosities and water saturation in gas hydrate bearing reservoirs is also included in this project.關鍵字(中) ★ 天然氣水合物
★ 測井資料的分析
★ 綠色峽谷
★ 埃爾伯特山關鍵字(英) ★ Gas Hydrates
★ Well Log Processing
★ Green Canyon
★ Mt. Elbert論文目次 Table of Contents
Abstract.........................................................................................................................................i
Chinese Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………………….ii
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………………………………….iii
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................................................iv
List of Figures............................................................................................................................................................v
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview of Gas Hydrates………………………………………………………………………………………1
1.2 Well Log Analysis for Gas Hydrates Estimation……………………………………………………….2
1.3 Worldwide Gas Hydrates Exploration……………………………………………………………………..3
1.4 Objective………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...4
1.5 Thesis Organization………………………………………………………………………………………………..5
References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7
Chapter 2 Summary and Review of Well Logging Tools
2.1 Well Logging Tools and Techniques…………………………………………………………………………8
2.2 Schlumberger Tools……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30
2.3 NMR Logging…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32
2.4Shaly sand correction and Connectivity equations……………………………………………………..35
2.5 Cross Plots to Identify Lithology………………………………………………………………………………37
References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………49
Chapter 3 Case Studies on Well Log Processing Work Flow, Analysis and Interpretation ……………………………………………………………..…………………………………………….50
Case 1: Mt.Elbert, North Slope Alaska…………………………………………………………………………….52
Case 2: GC955-Q, Green Canyon, Gulf of Mexico……………………………………………………………..65
Case 3: GC955-H, Green Canyon, Gulf of Mexico……………………………………………………………...70
References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………133
Chapter 4 Discussion and Conclusions……………………………………………………………………..134
References………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...138
List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………………………………………………...140
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228e246. Ch 3.指導教授 陳浩維(How-Wei Chen) 審核日期 2015-7-24 推文 plurk
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