福爾摩沙衛星二號遙測照相儀之在軌相互輻射校正

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廖敦佑(Tun-Yu Liao) 查詢紙本館藏

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太空科學研究所

論文名稱

福爾摩沙衛星二號遙測照相儀之在軌相互輻射校正
(In-orbit Radiometric Cross-calibration of FORMOSAT-2 RSI)

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摘要(中)

本研究目的在於建構利用大地衛星八號(Landsat-8, L-8)搭載之影像儀(Operational Land Imager, OLI)所攝得之影像來對福爾摩沙衛星二號(簡稱福衛二號)上之遙測照相儀(Remote Sensing Instrument, RSI)進行相互輻射校正之方法，以取得正確之輻射轉換係數。福衛二號為我國第一顆光學遙測衛星，於西元2004年5月21日升空。其中搭載之遙測酬載為RSI。福衛二號升空及運作至今已超過十年，超出了其原訂僅為五年之任務壽命。因此，為維持RSI所觀測到之大氣層頂輻射率準確度，須對RSI進行絕對輻射校正。於校正場址之挑選，本研究採用國際上常用之非洲撒哈拉荒漠(Sahara Desert)、美洲索諾蘭荒漠(Sonoran Desert)與美國內華達與加州地區荒漠等場址。並參考頻段相近之OLI影像，將OLI影像提供之大氣層頂輻射率輸入輻射傳送模式中(6SV4.1)，進行大氣校正，以取得地表反射率，並將地表反射率輸入輻射傳送模式中，搭配當時福衛二號之觀測幾何、頻寬等條件，模擬RSI所觀測之大氣層頂輻射率。最後，將RSI影像之灰階值與模擬所得之RSI觀測輻射率進行統計迴歸，即可得出輻射轉換係數。研究結果顯示，於大部分之光學頻道，本文之校正結果與最新一期太空中心之校正結果和福衛二號發射前於實驗室內所測得之輻射轉換係數差異接近，可達±5%以內，代表本研究所建構之絕對輻射校正法具極高之可行性。

摘要(英)

FORMOSAT-2 satellite (FS-2) was launched in May, 2004. It is the first Earth observation satellite operated by the National Space Organization (NSPO) of Taiwan. The main payload housed in FS-2 is Remote Sensing Instrument (RSI) with high spatial resolution. Landsat-8 (L-8) is an American Earth observing satellite launched in February 2013 quite recently. The main sensor on L-8 is Operational Land Imager (OLI). For any optical sensors, ensuring the accurate radiance observing is the most important issue for the applications to the scientific researches and environmental monitoring. Since RSI is operated more than 10 years, the optical characters may be altered. Therefore, the goal in this research is to construct a cross-calibration process and validate it by calibrating radiometric coefficients of FS-2 RSI sensor by using L-8 OLI image as a reference. For FS-2 RSI sensor, OLI is not only a new and well calibrated sensor but also use the similar spectral bands and bandwidth which can provide a credible data for calibrating RSI. The desert areas are selected for the cross-calibration in this study, including Sahara Desert in Africa, Sonoran Desert and deserts in Nevada and California in America. Those sites are usually used in other papers as a satellite sensor calibration site. The radiative transfer code, Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum version 4.1 (6SV4.1) is employed to drive land surface reflectance and the radiance RSI observed on the top of atmosphere. Eventually, the physical gains of RSI can be figured based on the relationship between observed radiance and the digital number. The results indicate that the differences of the radiometric conversion coefficients are quite similar to the dim file provided by NSPO. The differences can reach in ±5% in most spectral bands.

關鍵字(中)

★ 福爾摩沙衛星二號
★ 大地衛星八號
★ 在軌絕對輻射校正
★ 相互校正
★ 輻射轉換係數

關鍵字(英)

★ FORMOSAT-2 RSI
★ Landsat-8 OLI
★ In-flight absolutely radiometric calibration
★ Cross-calibration
★ Radiometric conversion coefficient

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第1章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-2-1 特定目標法 2
1-2-2 相互校正法 4
1-3 研究目的 5
第2章衛星、感測器及其影像產品、校正場址、地表實測反射率與氣膠光學厚度產品 6
2-1衛星、感測器及影像產品 6
2-1-1福爾摩沙衛星二號、遙測照像儀及其影像產品 6
2-1-2大地衛星八號(LANDSAT-8)與OLI及其影像產品 7
2-2校正場址 8
2-2-1 撒哈拉荒漠 8
2-2-2 索諾蘭荒漠 9
2-2-3 Ivanpah Playa 9
2-2-4 Railroad Valley Playa 9
2-2-5 Alkali Lake 9
2-3地表實測反射率 9
2-4氣膠光學厚度資料 10
2-4-1 MODIS-MOD04_L2 10
2-4-2 CALIPSO- CAL_LID_L2_05kmALay-Prov-V3-30 11
2-4-3 透過已知地表反射率之推算 11
第3章理論基礎與研究方法 12
3-1輻射傳送理論 12
3-1-1環境效應之理論 13
3-1-2遙測空間解析度之比較與分析 13
3-1-3遙測頻譜之比較與分析 14
3-2福衛二號遙測照相儀之輻射轉換方程式 15
3-3幾何對位與影像匹配及處理 16
3-4相互校正法 16
3-5頻譜與非均向反射特性之探討與地表反射率修正 17
3-5-1頻譜差異 18
3-5-2非均向反射差異 18
3-5-3基於頻譜與非均向反射差異修正地表反射率 19
第4章結果與討論 20
4-1誤差來源探討 20
4-1-1環境效應對空間解析度之影響 20
4-1-2頻譜差異之影響 21
4-2相互校正結果 22
4-2-1產品等級差異造成之影響 22
4-2-2不考慮頻譜差異與地表非均向反射特性 22
4-2-3考慮頻譜差異及地表非均向反射特性 23
第5章結論與未來展望 24
5-1結論 24
5-2未來展望 25
參考文獻 26
附圖 33
附表 52

參考文獻

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指導教授

陳明桂、林唐煌(Ming-Quey Chen Tang-Huang Lin)

審核日期

2016-1-27

推文