博碩士論文 103322045 詳細資訊




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姓名 李岳霖(Yueh-Lin Lee)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 位於液化地盤樁基礎之離心模型振動台試驗在不同ru時樁之p-y曲線
(Centrifuge shaking table test of pile foundation in liquefiable ground-different ru pile p-y curve)
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摘要(中) 臺灣位於歐亞板塊交界,地震頻繁,而臺灣西部平原區,均屬於地質鬆軟的新沖積地層,地下水位亦高,在大地震發生時,極有可能發生土壤液化現象。在過去有許多地震事件造成砂土層液化,導致樁基礎遭受斷樁的災損案例,此種災損不容易修復及發現,因此土壤液化時樁基礎的受震行為,成為重要的研究課題。
本研究利用離心振動台輸入不同振幅的水平振動,引致試驗砂床發生不同程度的液化。在發生不同液化程度下,本試驗設計一個施加水平力的氣壓系統,可以在砂土層因水平振動引致砂土液化,振動停止後,在超額孔隙水壓尚未消散或部分消散時,隨即快速進行水平推樁的動作。利用模型計測彎矩樁所量測之彎矩沿深度的分佈,經由溫克樑理論,嘗試了解及建立埋置於不同液化程度土層內的樁基礎的非線性p-y曲線的形狀、強度與周圍砂層超額孔隙水壓的關係。
試驗以80倍黏滯性液體作為飽和流體,在80g離心重力場下模擬相對密度60%、厚度25.6m之砂質地盤液化樁土間動態行為。進行液化地盤水平推樁試驗共22組,取出其中5組試驗成功且分析結果完善,試驗間有足夠差異性來進行比較及討論,試驗結果顯示: (1) 未液化或部分液化最大彎矩約發生於樁深4 m處(約4 D,D為樁直徑),而液化土層則最大彎矩約發生於樁深9 m處(約9 D) (2) 液化後之殘餘土壤側向反力係數 kh約為未液化土壤側向反力係數 kh之百分之一 (3) 將各試驗不同水平荷載下與樁頭水平變位和p-y曲線回歸出y=ax/(b+x)方程式,將其中的參數a和b對應到各試驗的地表ru值,再用方程式擬合,得到不同ru值對應a、b參數方程式,代入不同ru可以得到地表水平變位與樁頭水平荷載關係和p-y曲線。
摘要(英) Taiwan is situated on the borderline of Eurasian plate with a great amount of earthquakes. The plain of the western Taiwan is categorized as new alluvial layer with soft soil and high water table. It is possible to result in soil liquefaction. There are many sandy soil liquefaction during earthquakes in the past, and it led to the failure of pile foundation, which is not easily discovered and repaired. The behavior of pile foundation in liquefiable soil under shaking is one of the unneglectable topics.
This research utilizes the centrifuge shaking table with different amplitudes of horizontal vibration, which leads to a variety of liquefaction of experiment sand bed. Under different kinds of liquefaction, this experiment set up a serve pneumatic air cylinder providing horizontal force, which conducts the fast lateral loading test during excess pore water pressure yet or partially dissipated immediately after shaking. The moment distribution along the depth of the pile were measured with strain gauges. Construct the model of the non-linear p-y curve shape, strength, and relationship between excess pore water pressures of the pile in the different kinds of liquefaction.
The experiment is focused on pile-soil dynamic interaction of sandy ground with 80 times viscous fluid as the saturated fluid under 80g centrifuge gravity for simulating the sand bed with a relative density of 60%, and a thickness of 25.6 m. Totally conduct 22 sets of tests of the model pile subjected to lateral loading in liquefiable ground. Select the fittest 5 sets to operate analysis, which provides enough variance to compare and discuss. The result shows: (1) yet liquefied or partially liquefied maximum moment occurs at the pile depth of 9m (around 9 D); (2) the liquefied residual soil lateral reaction coefficient, kh, which is approximately 1% of non-liquefied soil lateral reaction coefficient. (3) Regress the relationship between horizontal loading and pile head horizontal displacement and p-y curve with the formula of y=ax/(b+x) from a variety of experiments, and attain different ru values corresponding to the formula with parameters a, and b.
關鍵字(中) ★ 砂土液化
★ 基樁
★ 樁身彎矩分佈剖面
★ p-y曲線
★ 離心模型振動台試驗
關鍵字(英) ★ liquefaction of sand
★ pile foundations
★ bending moment profile
★ p-y curve
★ centrifuge shaking table test
論文目次 摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 V
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
符號說明 XV
第 1 章 緒論 1
1.1 研究之緣起及動機 1
1.2 研究方法 4
1.3 論文架構 4
第 2 章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 離心模型模擬之試驗原理 5
2.2 離心模型試驗之因次分析 7
2.3 土壤液化發生機制及災害 11
2.4 液化地盤中樁基礎受震的破壞機制 12
第 3 章 試驗砂樣、儀器設備及試驗方法 27
3.1 試驗砂樣及基本力學性質 27
3.2 試驗儀器及相關設備 27
3.2.1 地工離心機 27
3.2.2 單軸向振動掛台 28
3.2.3 固壁式試驗箱(Rigid container) 29
3.2.4 移動式霣降設備(Traveling Pluviation Assembly,TPA) 29
3.2.5 自動控制與資料擷取系統 29
3.2.6 其他量測工具及施力設施 30
3.3 單樁縮尺模型設計 32
3.4 模型計測基樁之校正 33
3.5 試驗模型製作及試體準備 33
3.5.1 前置作業 33
3.5.2 試體製作 33
3.5.3 飽和試體準備 34
3.5.4 試驗前設置 35
3.6 振動台試驗 36
第 4 章 試驗結果及分析 62
4.1 試驗規劃及配置 62
4.2 黏滯液體(VISCOUS FLUID)的製作及黏滯係數的校正 63
4.3 P-Y曲線回歸分析 64
4.4 PTEST7試驗成果 67
4.5 PTEST12試驗成果 72
4.6 PTEST15試驗成果 75
4.7 PTEST17試驗成果 76
4.8 PTEST22試驗成果 80
4.9 試驗成果比較討論 83
第 5 章 結論與建議 172
5.1 結論 172
5.2 建議 176
參考文獻 177
附錄A、平衡氣壓施加流程 181
附錄B、流體黏度實驗 183
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[37] 李崇正,洪汶宜,張有毅,李岳霖「液化地盤樁基礎之離心模型振動台試驗及分析(II)」,行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫期末報告(2015)
指導教授 李崇正(Chung-Jung Lee) 審核日期 2016-8-30
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