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姓名 郭士榮(Shih-Jung Kuo) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 資訊工程學系在職專班 論文名稱 波束形成與音訊前處理之嵌入式系統實現
(Implementation of Beamforming and Audio Pre-processing in Embedded Systems)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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至系統瀏覽論文 ( 永不開放)
摘要(中) 從麥克風發明以來，就有許多關於音訊處理的產品，包含過濾雜訊與強化語音的演算法，以及可實現的系統。在實作系統的選擇上，使用比較能簡易的方式來完成的嵌入式系統；因嵌入式系統的技術是近年來所有IT產業所研發的重點，會有許多類似的資源可加以利用。
本論文在嵌入式系統的選擇上，選擇使用Microchip PIC32MZ系統的MCU來當作核心，而嵌入的演算法包含了DOA及Beamforming；在DOA方面，能達到不錯的效果，重覆驗証同一角度的結果，測得差異能在5度內。而Beamforming所實驗的結果，亦達到一定的效果。摘要(英) Since the microphone was invented , there are many products about the audio processing , including filtering noise and algorithms to strengthen voice, and which system can be achieve and the implementation of the system. In the choice of the implementing system, we can use the embedded systems with simple way to complete. Due to embedded systems technology has been to focus by all IT industry and been higher priority by RD at these years. So we will have many similar resources can be use.
Implementation of this thesis is based on the MCU to be a embedded system, which we choose Microchip PIC32MZ to be the processing center. Then the embedded algorithms contains DOA and Beamforming. The aspect of DOA, we can get good results, which′s difference of angle is within 5 degree, while repeat and verify the same angle for many times. Well the results of the Beamforming ,that achieves certain effects.關鍵字(中) ★ 波束形成
★ 方向偵測
★ 微處理器關鍵字(英) ★ MVDR
★ Beamforming
★ TDOA
★ MCU
★ Microchip論文目次 摘要...........................................................................................................................IV
ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................V
誌謝...........................................................................................................................VI
目錄.........................................................................................................................VII
圖目錄.......................................................................................................................IX
表目錄........................................................................................................................XI
一、緖論.......................................................................................................................1
1.1研究動機............................................................................................................1
1.2 研究目標...........................................................................................................2
1.3 文獻回顧...........................................................................................................3
1.4 章節概要...........................................................................................................3
二、基本技術介紹.......................................................................................................5
2.1聲音的定義與原理............................................................................................5
2.2麥克風原理........................................................................................................5
2.3麥克風陣列........................................................................................................5
2.4 語音處理之嵌入式系統所需使用的通訊介面...............................................6
2.4.1 UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)..............................7
2.4.2 I2C(Inter Integrated Circuit).........................................................................8
2.4.3 I2S(Integrated Inter-chip Sound)...................................................................9
三、方位偵測(DOA)之嵌入式系統實現..................................................................11
3.1演算法流程......................................................................................................11
3.2聲音段偵測(VAD).....................................................................................11
3.3頻譜刪除法................................................................................................12
3.4方位偵測....................................................................................................14
3.4.1麥克風間距的設定.............................................................................14
3.4.2 DOA演算法論述................................................................................15
四、波束形成Beamforming.....................................................................................19
4.1演算法流程......................................................................................................19
4.2波束形成-音訊強化......................................................................................19
4.3演算法公式推導..........................................................................................20
五、實驗結果.............................................................................................................25
5.1方位偵測的實驗結果......................................................................................25
5.1.1實驗環境..................................................................................................25
5.1.2實驗結果....................................................................................................27
實驗圖示.........................................................................................................28
5.1.3問題探討....................................................................................................29
5.2波束形成的實驗結果......................................................................................29
5.2.1實驗環境....................................................................................................29
5.2.2實驗結果....................................................................................................30
實驗圖示.........................................................................................................30
5.2.3問題探討....................................................................................................38
六、嵌入式系統之硬體介紹.....................................................................................39
6.1 Audio模組（麥克風模組與Audio Codec模組）.............................................40
6.2 嵌入式系統的處理核心.................................................................................43
6.2.1 GPIO功能選擇.........................................................................................45
6.2.2 CODING方式建議...................................................................................46
6.2.3多重中斷功能............................................................................................47
七、結論.....................................................................................................................49
7.1研究成果..........................................................................................................49
7.2實作結果建議..................................................................................................49
7.3未來研究方向..................................................................................................50
參考文獻...................................................................................................................51參考文獻 [1] C. Jutten and J. Herault, “Blind separation of sources I. An adaptive algorithm based on neuromimetic architecture,”Signal Processing, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 1–10, July 1991.
[2] D. Johnson and D. Dudgeon,Array Signal Processing: Concepts and Techniques,Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1993.
[3] Barry D. Van Veen and Kevin M. Buckley,“Beamforming:A Versatile Approach to Spatial Filtering,”IEEE ASSP MAGAZINE April 1988.
[4]Zoltowski, M., “High resolution sensor array signal processing in the beamspace domain: novel techniques based on the poor resolution of Fourier eamforming,” Spectrum Estimation and Modeling, 1988., Fourth Annual ASSP Workshop on , pp. 350 –355, 1988.
[5] Marciano, J.S., Jr.; Vu, T.B., “Reduced complexity MVDR broadband beamspace beamforming under frequency invariant constraint,” Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2000. IEEE , Volume: 2 , pp. 902 –905, 2000
[6] 白明憲、劉孆婷、桂振益、徐偉智“可消除雜音且增進語音辨識率之方法( A METHOD FOR NOISE REDUCTION AND SPWWCH ENHANCEMENT),”中華民國智財產局, July 2011.
[7] 賴建瑞，簡仁宗, “Proceedings of Research on Computational Linguistics Conference XIII (ROCLING XIII),” pp.199-213
國立成功大學資訊工程學系, August 2000,
[8] Mark Aarts, Hendrik Pries, Arjan Doff, “Two Sensor Array Beamforming Algorithm,” Delft University of Technology, July 2012
[9] T. Kinnunen and P. Rajan. “A practical, self-adaptive voice activity detector for speaker verification with noisy telephone and microphone data, ” In Proc. Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2013), 2013.
[10] S. F. Boll, “Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction,” IEEE Trans. Acoustics, Speech and Signal Process., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 113-120, Apr 1979.
[11] W. Kim, S. Kang, and H. Ko, “Spectral subtraction based on phonetic dependency and masking effects,” in Proc. Vision, Image and Signal, vol. 147, no. 5, Oct 2000, pp.423-427.W. Kim, S. Kang, and H. Ko, “Spectral subtraction based on phonetic dependency and masking effects,” IEE Proc. Vis. Image Signal Proc., vol.147, no.5, pp.423–427, Oct. 2000.
[12] C. H. Knapp and G. C. Carter, “The generalized correlation method for estimation of time delay,” IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech & Signal Process., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 320-327, Aug. 1976.
[13] G.. C. Carter, A. H. Nuttall, and P. G. Cable, “The smoothed coherence transform(SCOT),” Naval Underwater Systems Center, New London Lab., New London Lab., New London, CT, Tech. Memo TC-159-72, Aug. 8, 1972.
[14]李明唐，“結合適應性波束形成與後濾波進行語音強化,”交通大學電機正控制工程研究所， July ,2008
[15] Byung-Chul Kim; I-Tai Lu , “High resolution broadband beamforming based on the MVDR method,” OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition , Volume: 3 , pp. 1673 –1676, 2000
[16] https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/麥克風指導教授 王家慶(Jia-Ching Wang) 審核日期 2016-8-25 推文 plurk
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