博碩士論文 103621004 詳細資訊




以作者查詢圖書館館藏 以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 以作者查詢全國書目 勘誤回報 、線上人數:20 、訪客IP:3.136.18.48
姓名 王暐晴(Wei-Ching Wang)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 大氣科學學系
論文名稱 利用WRF/Urban Canopy Model模擬探討台灣北部都市地區之熱島效應
(Numerical Simulation of Urban Heat Island Effects over Northern Taiwan by Using WRF/Urban Canopy Model)
相關論文
★ 宜蘭地區秋冬季降雨特性之研究★ 台灣地區午後對流降水特性之分析
★ 台灣梅雨季中尺度對流系統之數值模擬研究-TAMEX IOP 8 個案★ 利用整合探空系統分析南海北部大氣邊界層特性之研究
★ 中尺度波譜模式對梅雨期豪雨個案模擬之研究★ 宜蘭地區秋冬季豪大雨特性之研究
★ 台灣東南部地區局部環流與邊界層特性之研究★ 台灣東南部地區複雜地形局部環流的模擬研究
★ 宜蘭地區豪雨個案之研究★ 台灣北部地區雨滴粒徑分佈特性與降雨估計之探討
★ 冬季雹暴個案之分析與模擬★ 伴隨敏督利颱風的強烈西南氣流引發豪大雨之個案探討
★ 利用整合探空系統分析台灣東南部地區大氣邊界層特性之研究★ 桃芝颱風(2001)數值模擬研究:颱風路徑與結構之模擬與分析
★ 利用雨滴譜儀分析不同降水系統之微物理特性研究★ 台灣北部地區不同季節以及不同降水型態的雨滴粒徑分布特性
檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]    [Bibtex 格式]    [相關文章]   [文章引用]   [完整記錄]   [館藏目錄]   [檢視]  [下載]
  1. 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
  2. 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
  3. 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。

摘要(中) 隨著世界上各大都市的快速發展,不透水的柏油、混凝土等人造建築取了植被,同時也改變了土地的物理特性。這些改變造成了城市地區夜間冷卻效率降低等環境問題,導致了所謂的都市熱島效應。在人造熱源的排放加乘下,此效果又更為嚴重。由於台灣的台北市為盆地地形,在高密度的居住情況及地形效應下,臺北盆地有著相較於同等級都市來的更嚴重的熱島問題。為了能更好地掌握台北地區邊界層內的物理量變化情況,本研究利用WRF模式(3.5.1版本)對台北的熱島效應做模擬。並針對Urban Canopy Model (UCM)及台北地區更新的城市參數來分析並改善台北地區的模擬結果。
本研究在進行台北地區個案模擬前,針對UCM會用到的參數做敏感度測試,並發現urban fraction及人造熱源對於溫度的模擬結果會有最大的影響力。而在台灣的個案中,由於北台灣都市規模較小,在未加入詳細都市參數(Urban Fraction、Urban Category)前,UCM對於夜間都市熱島效應的掌握能力並不好。因此我們預期加入較精細的都市參數資料對於模擬結果會有正向的影響。在加入本研究根據Landsat 8衛星資料所製作出的都市參數後,溫度模擬最明顯差異的區域落在MODIS與Landsat 8資料較不吻合處。將模擬結果與大台北地區其中11個城市測站的觀測值來作比較,可以發現加入了較詳細的都市參數後,有效的拉近了觀測與地表溫度之模擬結果。而水平風及混合比的垂直變化在加入詳細城市參數前後則沒有太大的變化。
摘要(英) Following the rapid development of metropolitan area in Northern Taiwan, changes in surface physical characteristic lower the efficiency of nighttime cooling effect and cause the Urban Heat Island Effect (UHI). This effect is further enhanced by the emission of anthropogenic heat (AH). With the basin topography and about a quarter of the total population on the island, Taipei basin has more significant urban heat island issue comparing to other mega-city around the world with such high intensity residency and topography effect. In order to get a better understanding of physics process in boundary layer of Taipei, WRF is implemented in this study to simulate UHI effect in Taipei metropolitan area. Urban Canopy Model (UCM) and updated urban parameter are also used to improve the result of simulation.
According to the sensitivity on the parameters used by UCM, urban fraction and AH have the largest impact on temperature simulation. In the case of Taipei, UCM fails to capture the nighttime UHI effect since the size of Taipei metropolitan area is not big enough. After adding the detailed urban parameter (urban fraction and urban category) extracted from Landsat 8 into simulation, the biggest temperature difference with simulation by using the original UCM parameter falls on the area where data of MODIS and Landsat 8 coincide the least. By comparing the temperature simulation result with observation, it can be seen that after adding the detailed urban parameter, simulation result is closer to observation, but there is not much change in the vertical profile of horizontal wind and mixing ratio.
關鍵字(中) ★ 熱島效應 關鍵字(英)
論文目次 摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 1
1-3 研究目的 4
第二章 研究方法 6
2-1 模式介紹 6
2-2 Urban fraction 7
2-3 Urban category 8
2-4 資料處理 9
第三章 結果與討論 11
3-1 美國個案 11
3-1-1 模式設定 11
3-1-2 使用UCM前後之差異 12
3-1-3 加入urban category前後之差異 13
3-1-4 加入詳細urban fraction資料前後之差異 14
3-2 台灣個案 15
3-2-1 綜觀天氣分析與模式設定 16
3-2-2 使用UCM前後之差異 17
3-2-3 加入新城市參數前後之差異 18
3-2-4 與觀測之比較 20
3-2-5 垂直變化 21
第四章 結論與未來展望 24
4-1 結論 24
4-2 未來展望 26
參考文獻 27
附表 30
附圖 32
參考文獻 Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land-
surface/hydrology model with thn Penn State/NCAR MM5 modeling system, Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585.
Chen et al. (2004): Utilizing the Coupled WRF/LSM/Urban Modeling
System with Detailed Urban Classification to Simulate the Urban Heat Island Phenomena over the Greater Houston Area. 5th conference on urban environment held at Vancouver BC Canada, 23-27 August 2004.
Chen, F., H. Kusaka, R. Bornstein, J. Ching, C. S. B. Grimmond, S.
Grossman-Clarke, T. Loridan, K. W. Manning, A. Martilli, S. Miao, D. Sailor, F. P. Salamanca, H. Taha, M. Tewari, X. Wang, A. A. Wyszogrodzki, and C. Zhang, 2011: The integrated WRF/urban modelling system: Development, evaluation, and applications to urban environmental problems. International Journal of Climatology, 31(2): 273-288
Gutiérrez, E., J. E. González., A. Martilli, R. Bornstein, and M. Arend,
2015: Simulations of a Heat-Wave Event in New York City Using a Multilayer Urban Parameterization. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 54 (2), 283–301.
Hong, S.-Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A new vertical diffusion package
with explicit treatment of entrainment processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318-2341
Iacono, M. J., J. S. Delamere, E. J. Mlawer, M. W. Shepard, S. A. Clough, and
W. D. Collins, 2008: Radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D13103, doi:10.1029/2008JD009944.
Kain, J. S., and J. M. Fritsch, 1993: Convective parameterization for
mesoscale models: The Kain-Fritsch scheme. The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models, Meteor. Monogr., No. 46, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 165-170.
Kusaka, H., F. Chen, M. Tewari, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, M. G. Duda, W.
Wang, Y. Miya, 2012: Numerical simulation of urban heat island effect by the WRF model with 4-km grid increment: an inter-comparison study between the urban canopy model and slab model. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Society of Japan, 90B, 33-45, DOI: 10.2151/jmsj.2012-B03.
Kusaka, H., H. Kondo, Y. Kikegawa, and F. Kimura, 2001: A simple single-
layer urban canopy model for atmospheric models: Comparison with multilayer and slab models. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 101, 329–358.
Lin, C.-Y., F. Chen, J. C. Huang, W.-C. Chen, Y. A. Liou, W. N. Chen, and
S. C. Liu, 2008: Urban heat island effect and its impact on boundary layer development and land–sea circulation over northern Taiwan. Atmos. Environ., 42, 5635–5649.
Lin C.-Y., W. C. Chen, P. L. Chang, and Y. F. Sheng, 2011: Impact of the urban heat island effect on precipitation over a complex geographic environment in northern Taiwan. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol., 50, 339–353, doi:10.1175/2010JAMC2504.1.
Lin C.-Y., C.-J. Su, H. Kusaka, Y. Akimoto, Y.-F. Sheng, C., Huang, H.-H. Hsu, 2016: Impact of an improved WRF urban canopy model on diurnal air temperature simulation over northern Taiwan. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 16, 1809-1822.
Martilli A., A. Clappier, and M. W. Rotach, 2002: An urban surface exchange
parameterization for mesoscale models. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 104, 261–304, doi:10.1023/A:1016099921195.
Monin, A. S., and A. M. Obukhov, 1954: Basic turbulence mixing laws in the
atmospheric surface layer. Tr. Inst. Teor. Geofiz. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, 24, 163–187.
Salamanca, F., A. Martilli, M. Tewari, and F. Chen, 2011: A Study of the Urban
Boundary Layer Using Different Urban Parameterizations and High-Resolution Urban Canopy Parameters with WRF. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 50, 1107–1128.
指導教授 林沛練(Pay-Liam Lin) 審核日期 2016-7-29
推文 facebook   plurk   twitter   funp   google   live   udn   HD   myshare   reddit   netvibes   friend   youpush   delicious   baidu   
網路書籤 Google bookmarks   del.icio.us   hemidemi   myshare   

若有論文相關問題,請聯絡國立中央大學圖書館推廣服務組 TEL:(03)422-7151轉57407,或E-mail聯絡  - 隱私權政策聲明