| 摘要(英) |
This study is aimed to develop an on-line automated gas chromatographic (GC) method to analyze highly volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at ambient level. These VOCs are ethane, propane, ethylene and propylene, which are widely used as fuel, raw materials, or reagent in industrial applications. In light of the catastrophic accidient occurred in Kaohsiung in 2014 due to propylene leakage from the underground pipelines, the original intention was to use the GC system to serve as an early warning tool to detect the very early stage of leakage.
In this system, the back-flush design is used to remove the higher boiling VOCs from the columns by reversing the carrier gas flow in the analytical column to shorten the analysis time and, at the same time, refresh the columns. Each analysis can be completed within a few minutes.
This system was also used to monitor the background air by taking the advantage of its good sensitivity and stability. Because the four measured compounds have large different in their atmospheric lifetimes, the ratios of long to short can be used to indicate the arrivals of long-range transport (LRT) events. For instance, the ratio of ethane/ethylene increased coherently with ozone during a LRT event encountered at Cape Fuguei on 6 December 2016. NOx dropped significantly during the event because of its short atmospheric lifetime. By contrast, low ethane/ethylene and distinct diurnal cycle of ozone were observed on the days dominated by local emissions.
To meet the needs of long-term operation, a water removal method was developed to avoid the use of a Nafion dryer. An empty glass tube is placed upstream of the sampling sorbent trap to condense water vapor at the temperature of -20°C on the same cooling device. During injection, the water trap is heated up to 300°C to backflush with nitrogen to remove water from the trap. |
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