設計以雙噻吩併環戊二烯為核心的電洞傳輸材料並製備高效率穩定鈣鈦礦太陽能電池

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陳凱翔(Kai-Siang Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

設計以雙噻吩併環戊二烯為核心的電洞傳輸材料並製備高效率穩定鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
(Design of Cyclopentadithiophene-Bridged Hole Transport Materials for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells)

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摘要(中)

本研究主要探討以雙噻吩併環戊二烯為核心的電洞傳輸材料性質，並以此製作出高效率又穩定的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。雙噻吩併環戊二烯將會連接三苯胺(triphenylamine)或咔唑(carbazole)做為電子予體，同時在中心結構上引入長碳鏈，來探討分子結構的不同對元件效率的影響，而化學結構﹅核心的共軛性對元件光電參數的表現也會在本研究中探討，並且利用分析能階﹅電洞傳導率與光致螢光光譜進一步地分析電洞傳輸材料的電洞傳導能力，並來證明電動傳輸材料核心的共平面性與分子間堆疊的關係。而以電池結構:FTO/緻密TiO2層/TiO2介孔層 /鈣鈦礦/CT3/MoO3/銀電極，元件光電轉換效率可以達到17.34%，而以常見的電洞傳輸材料Spiro-OMeTAD所做的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池其效率為17.61%。最後，以雙噻吩併環戊二烯為核心所合成出來的新穎電洞傳輸材料CT3與CT4和Spiro-OMeTAD所製備之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池在低濕度環境下經過1300小時之後的元件測試仍保持著一定的穩定性，而在相對濕度30%的測試環境下，因為CT3﹅CT4具較疏水性，使得電池有著較低的衰退性，研究結果顯示，CT系列中的CT3與CT4有著比Spiro-OMeTAD更多的應用優勢。

摘要(英)

A series of small-molecule-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) featuring a cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) as the central core with triphenylamine- and carbazole-based side groups were designed and evaluated for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) applications. The effect of the chemical structure of the HTMs and the photovoltaic performance were studied through investigation of the different combinations of the central π-bridge moieties. In this respect, the optical, electrochemical, energy level and hole mobility are systematically investigated, revealing the significantly influence of the central core planarity and packing structure on their photovoltaic performance. The optimized device based on CT3 exhibited a PCE (power conversion efficiency) of 17.34% with a device architecture of FTO/TiO2 compact layer/TiO2 mesoporous/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM/MoO3/Ag, which was found to be on par with that of a cell fabricated based on state-of-the-art Spiro-OMeTAD (17.61%) as HTM. Moreover, stability assessment showed a similar stability for CPDT-based HTMs as compared with Spiro-OMeTAD over 1300 hours. Besides, device based on CT3 and CT4 in the 30% relative humidity environment showed a better stability than Spiro-OMeTAD, indicating that the devices with CT3 and CT4 have good long-term stability.

關鍵字(中)

★ 電洞傳輸材料
★ 鈣鈦礦
★ 太陽能電池

關鍵字(英)

★ Hole transport materials
★ Perovskite
★ Solar cell

論文目次

中文摘要 I
Abstract II
謝誌 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XIII
第1章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-1-1 太陽能電池種類介紹 4
1-1-2 無機太陽能電池 5
1-1-3 有機太陽能電池 6
1-2 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 10
1-2-1 N-I-P結構之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 (N-I-P structure based perovskite solar cells) 11
1-2-2 P-I-N結構之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 (N-I-P Structure based perovskite solar cells) 18
1-2-3 影響鈣鈦礦電池的因素 19
1-3 電洞傳輸材料文獻回顧 23
1-3-1 無機電洞傳輸材料 23
1-3-2 高分子電洞傳輸材料 26
1-3-3 小分子有機電洞傳輸材料 28
1-4 研究動機 38
第2章實驗方法 39
2-1 實驗藥品與儀器 39
2-2 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池各層材料的製備 43
2-2-1 甲基胺碘(CH3NH3I)合成 43
2-2-2 鈣鈦礦溶液配置 44
2-2-3 配置製備TiO2緻密層溶液方法 44
2-2-4 配置製備TiO2多孔層溶液方法 44
2-2-5 電洞傳輸材料(Hole transport material)的合成與製備 45
2-3 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池製作方法 48
2-3-1 基板清洗與UV-Ozone 48
2-3-2 N-I-P結構太陽能電池製作方法 49
2-3-3 移除對電極與蒸鍍銀電極 51
2-4 儀器分析原理 51
2-4-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡 51
2-4-2 太陽光模擬器 52
2-4-3 太陽能電池外部量測效率量測系統 53
2-4-4 紫外光/可見光光譜儀 54
2-4-5 原子力顯微鏡 55
2-4-6 光激發螢光光譜儀(Photoluminescence,PL,UniRAM)、拉曼散射光譜儀(Raman scattering spectrometer, UniRAM)、時間解析之螢光光譜儀( Time-resolved photoluminescence spectrometer) 56
2-4-7 熱蒸鍍鍍膜系統(thermal evaporation deposition) 57
第3章結果與討論 58
3-1 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料之設計理念 58
3-2 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料之熱性質分析 60
3-3 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料表面薄膜分析 61
3-4 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料電化學性質之探討 64
3-5 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料光學性質之探討 68
3-6 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料之親疏水性測試 71
3-7 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料電洞傳導率(hole mobility)分析 73
3-8 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池效率表現 75
3-9 經由三氧化鉬(MoO3)修飾電洞傳輸材料之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 79
3-9-1 經由三氧化鉬(MoO3)修飾過後的電洞傳輸材料之光激發螢光分析 79
3-9-2 經由三氧化鉬(MoO3)修飾過後的電洞傳輸材料之元件效率表現分析 83
3-10 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之穩定性測試 85
3-11 半透明式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 89
第4章結論 93
第5章參考文獻 95

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指導教授

張博凱、李坤穆(Bor-Kai Chang Kun-Mu Lee)

審核日期

2017-7-18

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