開發網印塗佈高分子漿料並應用於結晶矽太陽能電池

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姓名

陳韻安(Yun-An Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

材料科學與工程研究所

論文名稱

開發網印塗佈高分子漿料並應用於結晶矽太陽能電池
(A Development of screen-printable polymer pastes for crystalline silicon solar cells)

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摘要(中)

本項研究目標為開發網印塗佈高分子漿料，並應用於背表面鈍化(passivated emitter and rear cell, PERC)與選擇性射極(selective emitter, SE)矽晶太陽能電池之local contacts與selective emitter圖案製作。以塗佈高分子漿料搭配化學蝕刻之圖案製程技術，無需使用昂貴機台，可降低電池製作成本，且相較於雷射製程，可避免製作過程中的基板表面損傷。此外，我們以此製程為基礎，開發兼具PERC與SE結構太陽能電池，此概念可望有效地降低少數載子復合速率，以提升電池的光電轉換效率。
實驗初期開發高分子漿料，對溶質、溶劑種類選擇及比例、添加劑等調整，配置出其可適用於網印塗佈製程之高分子漿料；並具有良好抗蝕刻性及基板附著性，最後調整網版印刷參數以獲得均勻的高分子層於矽基板上。在化學蝕刻製程方面，本研究開發出PERC、SE結構共蝕刻技術，能良好調控蝕刻深度，並且不破壞矽基板表面織構化*結構，可有效簡化電池製作程序。
在太陽能電池實作成果方面，相較於一般全鋁背表面電場(full Al-BSF)電池，PERC結構可提升1.0%以上的光電轉換效率，SE結構可提升0.3%以上；而兼具PERC與SE結構太陽能電池之效率則能提升1.3%以上。

摘要(英)

In this work, we have developed a simple pattering technique by using screen-printable polymer pastes as wet chemical etch masks for fabrication of passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) and selective emitter (SE) solar cells. In addition, we also fabricated PERC+SE solar cells based on this patterning technique. Compared with conventional laser ablation methods, this patterning technique could potentially cost the manufacturing lower and avoid surface damage during the process. Thus, it can improve the conversion efficiency.
In order to obtain well etch resistance and adhesion properties, we adjusted the compositions of polymer pastes and made them suitable for screen printing process. During the chemical etching process, we developed a co-etch process which can fabricate PERC and SE patterns simultaneously in one single etch process step. The etch rate can be adjusted and well-controlled, and the integrity of the initial pyramidal surface texture is also well maintained. As for the cell performance, PERC and SE cells promoted at least 1.0% and 0.3% efficiency, respectively, than conventional full Al-BSF cells. An efficiency of 1.3% could be improved for PERC+SE cells fabricated by using the co-etch process.

關鍵字(中)

★ 矽晶太陽能電池
★ 高分子漿料
★ 網印塗佈
★ 背表面鈍化
★ 選擇性射極

關鍵字(英)

★ Crystalline silicon solar cells
★ Polymer pastes
★ Screen printing
★ Passivated emitter and rear cell
★ Selective emitters

論文目次

摘要.……………………………………………………………………………………. i
Abstract…… ii
致謝………………………………………………………………………………….… iii
目錄…………………………………………………………………………………… iv
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………….vi
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………………vii
第一章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究背景與動機 2
第二章基礎理論及文獻回顧 3
2-1 矽晶太陽電池概論 3
2-1-1 太陽能光譜 5
2-1-2 太陽能電池重要參數 6
2-2不同類型的矽基太陽能電池 13
2-2-1 背表面鈍化射極太陽能電池 (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell, PERC) 13
2-2-2 選擇性射極太陽能電池 (Selective emitter, SE) 15
2-2-3 異質接面太陽能電池 (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer, HIT) 16
2-2-4 指叉狀背接觸太陽能電池（Interdigitated Back Contact , IBC） 18
2-3 太陽能電池之表面複合效應 19
2-4 鋁背表面電場效應 21
2-5 表面鈍化效應 23
2-6 背表面鈍化射極結構之製程技術 24
2-6-1 光學微影法應用於 PERC 結構製程 24
2-6-2 雷射剝除法應用於 PERC 結構製程 24
2-7 選擇性射極結構之製程技術 27
2-7-1 雷射摻雜法應用於SE 結構製程 27
2-7-2 回蝕式之 SE 結構製程技術 28
2-7-3 網印/噴墨磷膠之 SE 結構製程 29
2-8 研究特點與目標 30
第三章實驗設備與步驟 31
3-1 實驗流程 31
3-2 高分子漿料的配置與網印形貌觀察 32
3-2-1 高分子漿料的配置 32
3-2-2 高分子漿料的網印形貌觀察 34
3-3 背面局部鈍化射極結構太陽能電池製作流程 34
3-4 正面選擇性射極太陽能電池製作流程 36
3-5結合PERC 及SE 結構之太陽能電池製作流程 39
第四章結果與討論 40
4-1 高分子漿料分析 40
4-1-1 不同成分比例之高分子漿料之網印圖形與性質分析 40
4-1-2 最佳成分比例之高分子漿料網印圖形分析 42
4-2 背面局部鈍化射極太陽能電池之製造 44
4-2-1 以高分子漿料為蝕刻遮罩之鈍化層形貌 44
4-2-2 不同PERC結構之少數載子生命週期量測 44
4-2-3 不同開孔率之PERC太陽能電池性能比較 47
4-3 選擇性射極太陽能電池之製造 50
4-3-1 選擇性射極層之參數 50
4-3-1 不同蝕刻液對表面形貌之影響 51
4-3-2 選擇性射極結構太陽能電池之性能比較 53
4-4 結合PERC 及SE 結構應用於太陽能電池製造 55
4-4-1 鈍化層與射極層之共蝕刻參數 55
4-4-2結合PERC 及SE 結構太陽能電池之性能比較 56
第五章結論 58
第六章參考文獻 59

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指導教授

陳一塵(I-Chen Chen)

審核日期

2017-8-11

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