建立一個用來評核自然語言需求品質的線上資訊系統

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劉佳惠(Chia-Hui Liu) 查詢紙本館藏

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資訊管理學系

論文名稱

建立一個用來評核自然語言需求品質的線上資訊系統
(A Design and Development of Online Quality Evaluation System for Natural Language Based Software Requirements)

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摘要(中)

現今軟體專案開發時程日益縮短，如何在開發前期—需求擷取初期，即能有效地掌控軟體需求品質，使得後續開發流程更加順利，儼然成為組織的重要任務之一。就需求開發階段來說，許多研究建議藉由評核系統需求描述來確保其品質，並據以發展出不同的度量。此外，組織成員若能將評核知識分享於組織內，使其有效地為組織所運用，以協助日後類似需求的系統實作。因此，本研究專注於需求開發階段，設計並實作一個線上資訊評核系統—稱為Online Requirement Evaluation and Knowledge Sharing System(簡稱為OREKSS)，來讓專案相關人員輸入自然語言之需求描述，並從後續分析設計階段的使用案例模型觀點來評核該需求描述的完整度，使得專案相關人員得以掌握開發的脈絡，繼而協助提升開發效率。具體而言，OREKSS以不模糊性、必須性及可達成性等作為構成完整性之三個量測向度，並針對所輸入的需求描述依此三個向度計算其完整性指標值，再進一步提供修正建議。此外，OREKSS可讓使用者針對結果輸入意見回饋，來提供知識工程師作為優化系統之參考，以達系統永續改善之境界。

摘要(英)

Nowadays, as software project development life cycle becomes shorter and shorter, retaining quality of software project development has become a critical issue among organizations. By maintaining quality of software project development at early phase of requirement elicitation, organizations can both decrease development-related cost and increase efficiency in software project development. Furthermore, plenty of experts have proposed different methods to evaluate the quality of natural language based requirement to have more complete UML diagrams at early phase of software development; that is, system analysis. On the other hand, if members in an organization can share their knowledge of requirement evaluation with other members so that they can utilize it, organization will have better efficiency in requirement evaluation in the future. Hence, in this study, we propose an online evaluation system – Online Requirement Evaluation and Knowledge Sharing System (OREKSS), which aims at evaluating completeness of nature language requirement from relative stakeholders. In addition, completeness is consisted of three quality dimensions – unambiguity, necessity, and reachability. After relative stakeholders input their requirement description, OREKSS will provide index of unambiguity, necessity, reachability, and completeness as well as recommendation to make requirement more complete. Moreover, knowledge engineers can improve evaluation rules of OREKSS so that requirement evaluation results can meet relative stakeholders’ needs. Therefore, in software project development, OREKSS not only augments efficiency but also reduce cost at early phase by evaluating requirement completeness.

關鍵字(中)

★ 軟體工程
★ 需求萃取
★ 自然語言需求
★ 需求完整性
★ 知識分享

關鍵字(英)

★ Software Engineering
★ Requirement Elicitation
★ Natural Language Requirement
★ Requirement Completeness
★ Knowledge Sharing

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 問題描述與目的 2
1.3 研究範圍與假設 4
1.4 研究架構 5
第二章文獻探討 7
2.1 自然語言需求之完整性 7
2.2 自然語言需求完整性之評核方法 10
2.3 評核的知識分享 14
2.4 評核完整性需求品質及運用知識分享之評核系統 15
第三章系統概念設計 17
3.1 名詞定義與解釋 17
3.2 模型架構：行為觀點 20
3.3 模型架構：結構觀點 23
第四章系統實作與展示 37
4.1 系統開發架構與環境 37
4.2 系統展示 46
第五章系統成果討論 59
5.1 需求評核系統比較 59
5.2 使用者驗證 66
第六章結論 81
6.1 研究貢獻 81
6.2 研究限制與未來發展 83
參考文獻 84

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指導教授

陳仲儼(Chung-Yang Chen)

審核日期

2017-4-18

推文