中文版雙耳數字測驗之常模建立與軟體發展

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姓名

周聖凌(Sheng-Ling Chou) 查詢紙本館藏

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電機工程學系

論文名稱

中文版雙耳數字測驗之常模建立與軟體發展
(Development of Taiwan Mandarin Dichotic Digit Test and Its Software)

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摘要(中)

人與人之間的溝通主要仰賴聽覺來理解對方發出的語言聲音，而在聽力能力方面若有障礙，則會影響人際關係溝通與生活上大小事務的處理。人類的聽覺系統依位置及功能主要分為周邊聽覺系統(Peripheral Auditory System)以及中樞聽覺系統 (Central Auditory System)。然而即使周邊聽覺器官皆正常，中樞聽覺神經系統若出了問題也可能因此有聽覺障礙的情況出現，如聲音定位和偏側等聽覺障礙。這種因為大腦裡的中樞神經系統問題造成的聽覺障礙就是中樞聽覺失調症 (Central Auditory Processing Disorders, CAPD)。
過去研究顯示行為量測是診斷中樞聽覺失調症的方法流程中最簡易的，其中的雙耳聽力測驗 (Dichotic Listening Test, DLT)為最有效之測驗。許多研究使用了不同的刺激音做為雙耳聽力測驗的語料，並統計結果與評估效能，例如：句子、聲母韻母 (Consonant Vowel, CV)、數字。目前認為以數字做為語料的雙耳數字測驗 (Dichotic Digit Test, DDT)是最適合、最有效的簡單鑑別方法。目前國內沒有成熟的雙耳數字測驗，並且世界各地仍然皆使用Compact Disc (CD)播放，本研究目的為開發雙耳數字測驗的軟體聽力測驗以及錄製國語版中文語料並檢驗其效果與可靠度。以採取先前文獻顯示對中樞聽覺失調症較有鑑別度的一對以及兩對數字進行中文版軟體的雙耳數字測驗結果收集。本研究對總共30名聽力正常者 (純音聽力測驗結果優於25dB HL)且智力正常作為個案 (年齡 20~25)進行隨機播放中文1~10中的數字為題目做答內容之左右位置與先後順序，一組測驗為五題練習題以及計分20題(每一題各占5%作答正確率)，蒐集作答正確率結果以建立正常聽力者之常模。
本研究結果顯示正確率於中文一對以及兩對DDT結果分別為99% ± 2%、93% ± 7%。DDT軟體之語料換成英文數字 (已確認CAPD鑑別度的英文DDT可以驗證個案無CAPD)以及台語數字(測試部分本國人為母語的台語做為語料之效果)抽樣男女各5名個案進行測驗。英文一對以及兩對DDT結果分別為100% ± 0%、98% ± 2%，本研究與國外英文雙耳數字測驗結果僅在兩對雙耳數字測驗時有約1%差距；台語一對DDT結果為97% ± 3%，台語兩對DDT結果為92% ± 3%，台語版比中文版略難但統計上無顯著差異。使用一般規格耳塞式耳機進行中文一對與兩對DDT結果分別為99.5% ± 1.5%、96% ± 3.7%，統計上與醫療級耳機無顯著差異。在本研究的測驗軟體上蒐集中文的一對與兩對DDT的結果與英文版DDT無顯著差異且有重測可靠度證明了信度與效度，並且驗證一般耳機適用於進行雙耳數字測驗。

摘要(英)

The communication between people mainly relies on hearing to understand speech sound from each other. If there is a disorder in hearing ability, the communication between people and many things in life would be affected. The human auditory system is divided into the peripheral and central auditory system by location and function. However, even the peripheral auditory organs are normal, they may still have hearing impaired if there are some problems in their central nervous system, such as sound localization and lateralization and other hearing disorders. Central Auditory Processing Disorders (CAPD) is defined as the hearing problems in central nervous system.
Previously research indicated that behavior test is the simplest method to diagnose CAPD. And Dichotic Listening Test (DLT) is the most effective test in behavior test. Many studies have used different sound as stimuli of Dichotic Listening Test, such as the sentence, consonant and vowel, and digit. Now the Dichotic Digit Test (DDT) is the most appropriate and most effective method. There is no domestic well-established DDT, and most of the DDTs are still carried out with Compact Disc (CD) player. The purpose of this study was to develop a DDT software, record the Taiwan Mandarin version of DDT and test its effectiveness and reliability. According to previous research, one-pair and two-pair DDTs are the most distinguishable ways to test the CAPD. These two tests were chosen for this study. There were 30 subjects (age 20 to 25) with normal intelligence and Pure Tone Audiometry (the results were all better than 25 dB HL) participated the tests. A set of test contains 5 questions for practice and 20 for score (each question for 5%) by listening digits 1~10 randomly and subjects answer the digits in order and from which side. This study collected the results to establish normative data of normal hearing.
The results of our study showed that the percentage correct results of the Taiwan Mandarin one-pair and two-pair DDT were 99% ± 2% and 93% ± 7% , respectively. The stimuli of this study can be replaced by English to verify the subjects without CAPD. And a part of people use Taiwanese as their native language. Both tests were run on randomly chosen 10 subjects (5 male and 5 female). The results of the English one-pair and two-pair DDT were 100% ± 0% and 98% ± 2% , respectively. There was only 1% difference between the English DDT in this study and Museik’s English two-pair DDT. The results ofthe Taiwanese one-pair and two-pair DDT were 97% ± 3% and 92% ± 3% , respectively. The Taiwanese version was slightly more difficult than the Taiwan Mandarin version, but there was no statistically significant difference from the Taiwan Mandarin version. The results of the Taiwan Mandarin one-pair and two-pair DDT with regular earphones were 99.5% ± 1.5% and 96% ± 3.7% , respectively. There was no statistically significant difference from medical headphones. The results of all one-pair and two-pair DDT collected from this study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the English and Taiwan Mandarin DDT. The test-retest reliability was used to show the reliability and effectiveness of the Taiwan Mandarin DDT. And this software is suitable for normal earphones.

關鍵字(中)

★ 雙耳數字測驗
★ 雙耳聽力測驗
★ 中樞聽覺失調
★ 中樞神經系統
★ 常模

關鍵字(英)

★ Dichotic Digit Test
★ Dichotic Listening Test
★ Central Auditory Processing Disorder
★ Central Nervous System
★ Normative Data

論文目次

中文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------- i
英文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------- iii
第一章
1.1研究動機 ----------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2中樞聽覺失調 ------------------------------------------------- 3
1.3 文獻探討 ---------------------------------------------------- 5
1.4 研究目標 ---------------------------------------------------- 7
1.5 論文架構 ---------------------------------------------------- 8
第二章
2.1 發展歷史簡介 ------------------------------------------------ 9
2.2 雙耳數字測驗之優點 ----------------------------------------- 11
2.3 雙耳數字測驗之難度 ----------------------------------------- 12
第三章
3.1 研究設計 --------------------------------------------------- 15
3.2 實驗流程 --------------------------------------------------- 21
第四章
4.1 中文雙耳數字測驗結果 --------------------------------------- 23
4.2 中文兩對數字雙耳數字測驗抽樣再測試-------------------------- 24
4.3 抽樣個案進行英文雙耳數字測驗 ------------------------------- 26
4.4 抽樣個案進行台語雙耳數字測驗 ------------------------------- 27
4.5 驗證雙耳數字測驗適用一般耳機規格---------------------------- 28
第五章
5.1 驗證一對數字雙耳數字測驗之天花板效應 ----------------------- 29
5.2中文一對與兩對數字雙耳數字測驗結果之比較--------------------- 30
5.3 中文雙耳數字測驗之性別比較---------------------------------- 30
5.4 中文兩對雙耳數字測驗重測 ----------------------------------- 31
5.5 個案抽樣進行隻英文雙耳數字測驗 ----------------------------- 32
5.6 與香港中文版雙耳數字測驗比較與討論 ------------------------- 33
5.7 台語語料測試 ----------------------------------------------- 35
5.8 驗證雙耳數字測驗適用一般耳機規格 --------------------------- 35
5.9 個案實驗行為反應之觀察 ------------------------------------- 36
5.10 總結------------------------------------------------------- 38
第六章
6.1 結論 ------------------------------------------------------- 39
6.2 未來展望 --------------------------------------------------- 41
附錄與參考文獻---------------------------------------------------- 42

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中華民國行政院衛生福利部統計處, 2016
http://www.mohw.gov.tw/cht/DOS/Statistic.aspx?f_list_no=312andfod_list_no=4198

指導教授

吳炤民(Chao-Min Wu)

審核日期

2016-8-18

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