三維房屋模型擬真牆面通用紋理產製及敷貼

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姓名

張凱硯(Kai-Yen Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

三維房屋模型擬真牆面通用紋理產製及敷貼
(Improving Generic Facade Textures of Building Models for Realistic Visualization)

相關論文

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摘要(中)

本研究利用街景或測量車等實景影像為參考，改良三維房屋模型的通用紋理貼圖。目的是提高三維數位城市模型視覺化展示時的擬真性，並保有通用紋理貼圖的效能。
研究內容可分成三個部分：(1)影像校正、(2)影像分析與 (3)通用紋理資料庫改良。一開始影像資料需先計算測站、影像與建物三者的共線關係，解算建物在影像之坐標點後視為控制點校正影像幾何。校正完的影像接著可做牆面特徵物分析的演算，解算牆面顏色與窗戶幾何特徵。最後在改良通用紋理資料庫，達到效能友善與部分擬真。
本研究所開發的方法可高度自動化影像前處理、解析牆面窗戶特徵物與牆面顏色，最後再依據這些指標改善原通用紋理資料庫。相較使用隨機挑選的通用紋理，以本研究所開發的方法可達到較擬真的視覺展示，但保有通用紋理對系統的效能友善。

摘要(英)

This study tries to improve generic facade textures of building models for realistic look and feel of digital city model visualization. The idea is to use street view or in-situ images as references to produce generic textures that can provide more realistic look and feel of the visualization.
The procedure is separated into (1) image pre-processing, (2) image analysis and (3) improving generic texture database. Collinear relationship of stations, images and buildings could help calculate the coordinates, and these coordinates are viewed as ground control points to rectify image geometry. Also, image analysis parses the facade colors and detects window patterns. Finally, using these features, this study improves the generic texture database to maintain efficiency and provide more realistic scene.
The algorithm developed in this study demonstrates how to process and parse facade images and to improve generic database systematically. The results demonstrate a better performance and realistic look-and-feel comparing to generic textures chosen randomly.

關鍵字(中)

★ 數位城市
★ 通用紋理
★ 牆面紋理分析

關鍵字(英)

★ Cyber City
★ generic textures
★ Facade Parsing

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第1章緒論 1
1.1 背景介紹 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 4
1.3 論文架構 6
第2章文獻回顧 8
2.1影像幾何校正 8
2.1.1 保角轉換 9
2.1.2 仿射轉換 10
2.1.3 八參數轉換 11
2.2牆面紋理分析 13
第3章研究方法及步驟 19
3.1研究方法綜述 19
3.2初始資料探討 21
3.2.1 CityGML LOD 1 積木式房屋模型 23
3.2.2 近景影像 25
3.2.3 通用紋理資料庫 29
3.3近景影像幾何校正 31
3.3.1 房屋角點在影像上坐標之計算 31
3.3.2 影像校正—八參數轉換 35
3.3.3 感興趣區域切割 37
3.4牆面影像分析—窗戶幾何 38
3.4.1 窗戶遮罩計算 39
3.4.2 牆面紋理樓層切割與各樓層相似度比對 41
3.4.3 窗戶遮罩優化 44
3.4.4 窗戶匹配 45
3.5牆面影像分析—牆面顏色 46
3.5.1 牆面顏色分群 47
3.5.2 通用紋理顏色匹配 50
3.6改良牆面通用紋理資料庫 53
第4章實驗成果與分析 54
4.1研究區域介紹 54
4.2街景影像校正成果與探討 57
4.3 窗戶與植物遮罩計算 63
4.4 影像分析—窗戶幾何 66
4.5 影像分析—牆面顏色 69
4.6 擬真牆面通用紋理敷貼成果展示 72
第5章總結與建議 80
5.1研究總結 80
5.2研究建議 82
參考文獻 84

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指導教授

蔡富安(Fuan Tsai)

審核日期

2018-8-23

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