隨機奈米粒子模型應用於OLED 出光增益之研究

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黃柏霖(Bo-Lin Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

隨機奈米粒子模型應用於OLED 出光增益之研究

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摘要(中)

本研究以數值模擬及實驗驗證隨機奈米粒子模型應用於有機發光二極體(Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED)出光增益之參數優化之研究。
近年來，OLED成為熱門的新興節能產品， OLED具有面光源、低能耗、可撓曲、發光柔和等優點，但因開發時間較晚，OLED的發光強度與壽命尚遜於LED，若想要取代LED在市場上的地位與後續micro LED的發展衝擊，勢必要有重大的技術突破。在許多提升OLED發光強度的研究中，於OLED結構中加入奈米金屬粒子層，可引發局域性表面電漿共振效應(Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance, LSPR)，進而有效且直接地提升其電致發光強度的特性。
本研究針對LSPR應用於增益OLED發光強度進行以預測為目的之模擬研究，藉由建構粒子隨機位置分佈及隨機大小之模擬模型，模擬實際蒸鍍之金屬奈米粒子的LSPR效應；於實驗，本研究在ITO玻璃上進行銀金屬奈米粒子佈局，提升OLED元件之出光效益，並驗證模擬結果與LSPR效應於OLED元件中發光增益之趨勢。根據本研究的模擬結果，以實際量測參數建立之隨機銀奈米粒子模型，模擬引發表面電漿共振效應的吸收譜，其峰值範圍約落在480nm～550 nm；在實驗結果證實以銀奈米粒子層引發LSPR可確實提升OLED出光之波段位於藍綠光，約1.24~1.34倍且波長峰值約藍移28nm。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the organic light emitting diodes (OLED) device by a random particle distribution model.
In numerical simulation, silver particles are considered we set-up a simulate process to build a model in a random location and sizes of particles to simulate the LSPR effect on film particles based on a physical vapor deposition (PVD) case. In the experiment, we used E-gun evaporation to deposit silver nanoclusters (SNCs) on ITO/glass, to verify the emitting gain of OLED by LSPR and the accuracy of the luminous gain to compare with the simulation results.
According to our calculated results, the difference size and distribution of the nanoparticle or the surrounding material with the higher refractive index both causes the LSPR occurrence. The LSPR effect depends on parameters such as metal type, nanostructure size, and metallic film thickness. The thickness of the silver layer and size of the SNCs could be tuned by changing the deposition time and rate. By increasing the thickness of Ag nanoparticle, the peak value of absorption cross section will be red-shift. By raising the refractive index of the surrounding media, it can also cause the peak red-shift. While increasing the particle diameters and expanding the gap between the Ag nanoparticles, the absorption peak value will become blue-shift. By adjusting the LSPR wavelength to the emitting wavelength of an OLED device, the emission intensity of the OLED can be enhanced.

關鍵字(中)

★ OLED模擬
★ 局域性表面電漿共振效應
★ 隨機奈米粒子模型

關鍵字(英)

★ OLED
★ LSPR
★ Random particle distribution

論文目次

摘要 I
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章、緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 4
1-3 研究動機 10
1-4 論文架構 11
第二章、基礎理論與原理 12
2-1 有機發光二極體 12
2-2 局域性表面電漿理論 15
2-2-1 表面電漿共振特性 15
2-2-2 電磁波於物質中的傳播特性[37] 17
2-2-3 電磁波與金屬奈米粒子的交互作用 18
2-2-4 金屬奈米粒子之尺寸對局域性表面電漿共振吸收波長的影響 19
2-2-5 金屬奈米粒子於不同介質中對局域性表面電漿共振吸收波長的影響 20
2-2-6 金屬奈米粒子間之交互作用對局域性表面電漿共振吸收波長的影響 21
2-2-7 銀奈米粒子在不同粒徑下之顏色 22
2-3 小結 23
第三章、研究方法與架構 24
3-1 研究方法 24
3-2 數值模擬方法 26
3-2-1 有限元素法(Finite element analysis) 26
3-2-2 電磁波方程式 28
3-2-3 吸收、散射及消光截面 28
3-2-4 模型幾何結構 30
3-2-5 完美匹配層(Perfectly Matched Layer) 32
3-2-6 Floquet 週期性邊界條件 34
3-2-7 材料參數 35
3-3 小結 36
第四章、實驗方法與量測 37
4-1 樣品製作及機台介紹 38
4-1-1 樣品製作 38
4-1-2 電子槍蒸鍍機(E-gun evaporator) 40
4-1-3 原子力顯微鏡 42
4-1-4紫外-可見光分光光譜儀 43
4-2小結 45
第五章、模擬模型之驗證與討論 46
5-1 銀薄膜試片的製程及量測 46
5-2 隨機模型之建構及模擬結果 50
5-2-1 隨機分佈模型置於空氣中模擬之結果 51
5-2-2 隨機分佈模型置於OLED結構中模擬之結果 53
5-3 具銀薄膜之OLED元件的出光光譜量測 54
5-4 模擬與實驗結果比對分析 56
5-5 小結 59
第六章、結論與未來展望 60
6-1 結論 60
6-2 未來展望 61
參考文獻 62

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指導教授

韋安琪(An-Chi Wei)

審核日期

2018-8-23

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