官能基化矽負極材料高能鋰離子電池研究

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陳伯元(Po-Yuan-Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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化學學系

論文名稱

官能基化矽負極材料高能鋰離子電池研究
(Conducting Polymer Binding of Surface Functionalized Silica as a Durable High Energy Lithium Battery Anode)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2024-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

本研究使用導電高分子poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)作為黏著劑，包覆
4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid (4HBS)官能基化的矽奈米顆粒作為鋰電池負極材料。經過4HBS官能基化的矽奈米顆粒，與導電高分子藉由電荷吸引力產生完整的包覆。這樣的結構不僅不破壞導電高分子的共軛性(有利於電子導電)，還能有效提升黏著劑的包覆完整性。所產生的矽(核)-導電高分子(殼)的奈米複合材料作為電池的負極，能夠避免矽材料與電解液直接接觸，充放電數圈後形成穩定負極結構，介面阻抗逐漸減小、在充放電500圈後具有穩定的變速率充放電。由以上這些功能能夠有效改善矽基負極半電池的電性表現，減少材料劣化現象和保持矽負極電池的循環壽命。
本研究中發現Si○f25wt%4HBS擁有最好的電性表現，於第105圈時達到最高的電容量2067.7mAh/g，在第500圈時電量下降到1715.1 mAh/g，經過化成後的最高電容量到500圈後的電量保持率為87.0%。在長圈數500圈充放電過程中展現了優異的電容保持率，本研究提供一種新穎的做法來提升電池電化學表現的穩定性，不僅做法簡單價格便宜，此一材料設計概念未來可廣泛應用於鋰離子電池，將可克服以往矽負極劣化的難題。
關鍵字:矽、負極材料、導電高分子、官能基化

摘要(英)

Conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polystyrene sulfonate polymer mixture (PEDOT:PSS) is used as the binder for lithium battery anode electrode. Complete encapsulation of the binder with Silica nano particle; surface functionalized with 4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid (HBS) constitutes a novel high energy anode for advanced lithium battery. The electrostatic interaction between the sulfonic group of HBS and the base electron donating group in PEDOT stabilizes both the silicon nano particles and the conjugate polymer which provide not only fluent electron conductivity but also established flexible protection for Silica nano particle from direct contact with solvent electrolyte. The electron conducting encapsulation eases the concern over the excessive growth of SEI and prevented the pulverization of the active ingredient from repetitive expansion and contraction during charge discharge cycles.
For 25% 4HBS functionalized sample (Si f 25wt% 4HBS), a high capacitance in the order of 2000 mAh/g-Si is detected which gradually rose to the highest value of 2067.7mah/g at 105 cycles, and slowly decreased to 1715.1 mAh/g-Si after 500 cycles. The capacity retention rate at 87% is impressive; when compare with all previous anode formula based on conducting polymer encapsulation. Excellent and stable capacity above 1700 mAh/g-Si can be expected when applied to high energy density lithium battery. This study unveils a novel and convenient method to circumvent the stability and pulverization issues associated with the use of silicon nano particle as the anode for next generation lithium battery.

keyword : Silicon , Lithium ion batteries , Anode, Conductive binder , Functionalizatio

關鍵字(中)

★ 矽
★ 負極材料
★ 導電高分子
★ 官能基化

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章緒論 1
1-1.前言 1
1-2.鋰離子電池工作原理 3
1-3.研究動機 6
1-4.研究設計 7
第二章文獻檢索 9
2-1.合金型矽(Si)負極材料特性 9
解決方法 10
2-2.黏著劑介紹 11
2-2-1.提升黏著劑的彈性 13
2-2-2.導電黏著劑取代傳統黏著劑 16
2-2-3.利用球磨法使導電黏著劑成為膠狀 21
2-2-4.透過n-Type Doping改善導電黏著劑和活物間的介面電阻 24
2-3.固態電解質介面(SEI) 27
2-3-1.導電高分子修飾SEI層 28
2-3-2.導電高分子官能基化矽奈米顆粒包覆高分子修飾SEI層 31
2-3-3.有彈性的石墨烯殼層包覆矽微米顆粒 35
第三章實驗介紹 38
3-1.實驗藥品、實驗設備儀器以及器材 38
3-1-1.實驗藥品 38
3-1-2.實驗設備 40
3-1-3.實驗器材 42
3-1-4.鈕扣型電池組裝與測試 43
3-2.實驗步驟 44
3-2-1. Si f Xwt% 4HBS的製備 44
3-2-2.負極半電池極片製備 46
3-3.性能測試 46
第四章結果與討論 48
4-1.Si官能基化情形分析 48
4-1-1.材料官能基化解析-FTIR 49
4-1-2.材料表面構型與截面構型分析-TEM 50
4-1-3.官能基化生成在矽奈米顆粒表面的含量測試－1H NMR 51
4-2.官能基化提升導電高分子的包覆性 53
4-2-1.PEDOT:PSS和4HBS間作用力探討－1H NMR 53
4-2-2.導電高分子包覆能力測試 55
4-2-3.官能基化後塗布在極片上的效果 57
4-3.電池極片之材料表面構型與截面構型分析－SEM、TEM與EDS 58
4-3-1.SEM表面鑑定 58
4-3-2.TEM截面構型分析 63
4-3-3.EDS元素分析 64
4-3-4.XPS材料表面元素鍵結探索 65
4-4.電化學性能測試 69
4-4-1.電池壽命測試 69
4-4-2.變速率充放電測試 74
4-4-3.交流阻抗測試 76
4-4-4.體積能量密度 79
第五章結論與未來展望 80
第六章參考文獻 82

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指導教授

諸柏仁

審核日期

2019-8-19

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