應用阻尼顆粒於旋轉機械之振動抑制及動平衡設計

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王譯徵(I-Cheng Wang) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

應用阻尼顆粒於旋轉機械之振動抑制及動平衡設計
(Vibration Suppression and Dynamic Balance Design for Rotating Machines with Damping Particles)

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摘要(中)

本研究提出透過顆粒阻尼器(Particle Damper, PD)依工件動平衡狀況進行顆粒配置，以同時達到配重和抑制振動之雙重效果。首先透過多體動力學(Multi-Body Dynamics, MBD)建立迴轉式壓縮機模型，模型中考量循環氣體負載變化、支座與橡膠墊剛性與阻尼，並透過實驗驗證在轉動頻率下之振動之趨勢與量值，確認此模型之可靠性；未來利用此模型探討具PD之迴轉式壓縮機(新構型)之動平衡與抑振研究。
新構型模擬時需同時應用離散元素法(Discrete Element Method, DEM)和MBD進行雙向耦合得到迴轉式壓縮機之動態模擬結果；首先針對迴轉式壓縮機進行轉子系統之動平衡驗證，在此動平衡驗證中不考慮氣體負載影響；迴轉式壓縮機依據ISO 1940動平衡等級需低於G 2.5，透過PD可使轉子系統動平衡等級達到G 0.31，確認其動平衡改善成效。
然後針對新構型進行模擬並與原構型(頂配重塊)比較其抑振效果，確認新構型確實有抑振效果；也探討在不同顆粒粒徑、摩擦係數和恢復係數下，對迴轉式壓縮機系統抑振之影響；在不同顆粒半徑下皆對新構型有抑振效益，其中顆粒半徑1 mm較其他粒徑抑振效益較佳；隨顆粒摩擦係數增加，新構型系統之總動能越小，說明摩擦耗能越大，PD之抑振效果越佳；隨顆粒恢復係數增加，新構型之動能越大，說明碰撞耗能越小，PD之抑振效果越差。最後透過實驗驗證新構型之實際振動數值，徑向加速度平均可降低9.7%，切向加速度平均可降低2.46 %，確認PD之抑制振動效果。

摘要(英)

In this study, a particle damper (PD) is proposed to configure particles according to the dynamic balance of the workpiece to achieve the dual effects of counterweight and vibration suppression at the same time. Firstly, the rotary compressor model is established through Multi-Body Dynamics (MBD), which considers the change of the circulating gas load, the stiffness, and the damping of the bearing and rubber. Experiments verify the trend and magnitude of vibration at the rotating frequency to confirm the reliability of the model. In the future, this model will be used to study the dynamic balance and vibration suppression of the rotary compressor with PD (new design).
The discrete element method (DEM) and MBD are used for two-way coupling to obtain the dynamic simulation results of the rotary compressor with PD (new design). Firstly, the dynamic balance verification of the rotor system is carried out for the rotary compressor, and the influence of gas load is not considered. According to ISO 1940, the dynamic balance level of the rotary compressor needs to be lower than G 2.5. Through PD, the dynamic balance level of the rotor system can reach G 0.31.
The new design is simulated and compared its vibration suppression effect with the original design (top weight) to confirm vibration suppression effect. The different particle sizes, friction coefficients, and restitution coefficients on the vibration suppression of rotary compressors were discussed. The new design has the vibration suppression effect under different particle radii, among which the particle radius of 1 mm is better than other particle diameters. With the increase of particle friction coefficient, the smaller the total kinetic energy of the new design, indicating that the more significant the friction energy consumption, the better the vibration suppression effect of PD. With the increase of particle restitution coefficient, the greater the kinetic energy of the new design, the smaller the collision energy consumption, and the worse the vibration suppression effect of PD. Finally, the actual vibration value of the new design is verified through experiments. The radial acceleration can be reduced by 9.7 % on average, and the tangential acceleration can be reduced by 2.46 % on average, confirming the vibration suppression effect of PD.

關鍵字(中)

★ 迴轉式壓縮機
★ 動平衡設計
★ 顆粒阻尼器
★ 抑振
★ 雙向耦合

關鍵字(英)

★ rotary compressor
★ dynamic balance design
★ particle damper
★ vibration suppression
★ two-way coupling

論文目次

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
謝誌 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
符號對照表 X
第1章緒論 1
1-1　研究背景 1
1-2　研究動機與目的 3
1-3　文獻回顧 3
1-4　論文架構 6
第2章顆粒阻尼器之抑振理論與動平衡設計 8
2-1　迴轉式壓縮機構造與工作原理 8
2-2　阻尼顆粒之接觸理論與抑振機制 10
2-3　顆粒阻尼器設計與動平衡概念 15
第3章迴轉式壓縮機動力模型建立 19
3-1　具顆粒阻尼之迴轉式壓縮機動力模型 19
3-2　變動氣體負載計算 25
3-3　迴轉式壓縮機接觸對與橡膠墊之剛性與阻尼計算 28
第4章迴轉式壓縮機模擬設定與驗證 32
4-1　迴轉式壓縮機模擬與實驗規劃 32
4-2　實驗與模擬振動結果比較 35
4-3　具顆粒阻尼器之迴轉式壓縮機模型雙向耦合設定 38
第5章具顆粒阻尼器之迴轉式壓縮機機動態模擬結果 41
5-1　顆粒阻尼器對迴轉式壓縮機之動平衡校正結果 42
5-2　顆粒阻尼器對迴轉式壓縮機之抑振效果 44
5-3　顆粒參數對新構型振動效益之影響 46
5-3-1　顆粒粒徑對新構型振動之影響 46
5-3-2　顆粒摩擦係數對新構型總動能之影響 46
5-3-3　顆粒恢復係數對新構型總動能之影響 47
5-4　實驗驗證具顆粒阻尼器之迴轉式壓縮機抑振效益 48
第6章總結與未來展望 58
6-1　總結 58
6-2　未來展望 59
參考文獻 60
PUBLICATION LIST 67
作者介紹 68

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指導教授

吳育仁(Yu-Ren Wu)

審核日期

2022-1-19

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