| 摘要(英) |
The development of the Internet has made the world smaller, the establishment of communication infrastructure has made information transmission convenient, the popularity and miniaturization of sensors/conductors have made data collection convenient, and the application of big data has allowed us to expand differently. Vision. We stand on the edge of the technological revolution, which will revolutionize the way we live, work and connect with each other. In terms of its size, scope and complexity, the transformation will be different from anything that humans have experienced before. We don′t know how it will unfold, but one thing is clear. Its response must be comprehensive and comprehensive, involving all stakeholders around the world, from the public and private sectors to academia and civil society.
The first industrial revolution used water and steam power to mechanize production. The second use of electricity to create mass production. The third time using electronic and information technology to achieve production automation. Now, the fourth industrial revolution is building a digital revolution that has been taking place since the middle of the last century. It is characterized by a technique that combines the boundaries between the physical, digital and biological domains. The fourth industrial revolution is developing at an exponentially and non-linear rate. Moreover, it almost disrupts every industry in every country. The breadth and depth of these changes heralds a shift in the entire production, management and governance system.
Industry 4.0 The era of smart manufacturing is coming. The production mode of Industry 4.0 is based on new technologies such as Internet of Things, Big Data, Cloud System, AI, 5G, etc., and data convergence is connected to every link of the industrial value chain, emphasizing cross-domain virtual and real integration, breaking Production and services and the boundaries of the company are re-deconstructing the value chain and shaping the global manufacturing division. How do companies use data to make decisions? At present, most business models use limited data and information to predict product demand and build capacity. Before and after receiving orders, they first produce a batch and then sell it. To meet the needs of orders and increase capacity utilization. Since the production data and the terminal market data are not fully linked, in the end, there will be a phenomenon of both inventory and shortage due to the gap between supply and demand. The core concept of Industry 4.0 is based on flexible decision making and smart production under big data. In other words, we connect the needs of each customer with the smart manufacturing system with flexible decision-making capabilities, and integrate every link through social media such as the Internet of Things and the Internet, so that data flows through the entire value chain, and manufacturers are in the industry. Under the premise of chain big data and various needs, “there is demand to produce”, on the one hand, it meets the needs of a small variety of market and even extreme personalization, which makes the added value of products higher. That is to say, relying on information technology and the Internet to enable enterprises to develop a system that can predict human behavior habits, the ability to detect changes and make timely decisions, from individual enterprise departments and companies to the entire manufacturing network, and to the industrial chain. The end.
Finally, the fourth industrial revolution will not only change our behavior, but also change our essence. It will affect our identity and all the issues related to it, our privacy, our ownership concept, our consumption patterns, the time we put into work and leisure, and how we develop our careers. It is already changing everything about us. Technology and the consequent destruction are not external forces beyond human control. All of us have a responsibility to guide their development. Therefore, we should seize the opportunity and strength to shape the fourth industrial revolution and lead it to a future that reflects our common goals and values. |
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