立方衛星高光譜儀成像系統開發以及校正

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姓名

涂家豪(Chia-Hao Tu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

太空科學與工程研究所

論文名稱

立方衛星高光譜儀成像系統開發以及校正
(The development and the calibration of the CubeSat hyperspectral imaging system)

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摘要(中)

高光譜成像儀應用於遙測地球環境很有用的光學儀器。可用於國土調查、水
汙染防治以及空氣汙染的普查。傳統的高光譜成像儀由物鏡系統、分光系統以及
成像系統組成，光源自物鏡系統聚焦經分光系統例如光柵散射，並且透過成
像系統來記錄數百個可見光或者紅外光的帶寬。人們利用光譜特徵來辨識物質，
高光譜成像應用於眾多領域包含農業與水資源控制、醫學診斷以及軍事防禦等。
我們設計可放置於立方衛星高光譜成像儀的工程模型，特色為體積小、重量
輕以及成本較低，其連續光譜帶範圍在 460nm 650nm ，擁有高光譜分辨率 (~5nm 。
此儀器使用推掃式方法來獲取高光譜影像，視角大約在 2.85 度，在高度 500 公
里的掃描幅寬為 23.5 公里，中心波長為 550nm 半高全寬為 5 nm ，重量約為 3 公
斤。我們進行了以下實驗確認儀器效能：包含組裝位置校正、波長校正、絕對光
強度測量以及光譜分辨率及視角測試，實驗的結果後確認符合規格需求，並且進
行室外實地拍攝，將二維空間數據以及一維光譜數據組成三維高光譜立方數據。
我們計畫發展飛行模型儀器未來將放置於探空火箭和微衛星任務。

摘要(英)

The hyperspectral imager is a useful optical instrument for remote sensing of Earth environments. The applications of the hyperspectral imager include land resource assessment, water pollution investigation, and survey on air pollution. The traditional hyperspectral imager consists of object lens system, the spectrometer system, and the imaging system. The detected light from the object lens system is dispersed by a spectrometer system (e.g., grating), and sequentially recorded as the hundreds of bandwidths of the visible/infrared emission by the imaging system. People use the characteristics of spectral to identify substances. Hyperspectral imaging has been applied for numerous applications, including agricultural and water resources control, medical diagnosis and military defense.
We design the engineering model of the CubeSat hyperspectral imaging system with a continuous emission band between 460-650 nm with high wavelength resolution (~5nm). The instrument features weight light, size small and cost low that uses a push-broom method to acquire hyperspectral images, FOV (field of view) is about 2.85 °. Its swath width is about 23.5 kilometers at the height of 500 kilometers. The centered wavelength of the spectral range is designed at the wavelength of 550nm, and its full width at half a maximum is ~5nm. We conducted the following experiments to confirm the performance of the instrument: assembling calibration, wavelength calibration, radiance calibration, test of spectral resolution and FOV measurement. After the experiment, we are confident that it meets the required specifications. We also scanned the outdoor view in a sideway using our hyperspectral imaging system. The recorded hyperspectral data cube is a three-dimensional data composed of two-dimensional
III
spatial and one-dimensional spectral data. In the future, we plan to develop the flight model for the sounding rocket and CubeSat missions.

關鍵字(中)

★ 高光譜儀

關鍵字(英)

★ Hyperspectral imaging

論文目次

目錄
摘要 ············································································································································ I
Abstract ··································································································································· II
圖目錄 ····································································································································· VII
表格目錄 ·································································································································· IX
第一章緒論 ····························································································································· 1
第二章高光譜儀 ····················································································································· 3
2.1高光譜遙測簡述 ············································································································ 3
2.2高光譜成像基本原理 ···································································································· 3
2.2.1 撢掃式成像光譜儀 (Whisk broom) ··································································· 7
2.2.2 推掃式成像光譜儀 (Push broom) ······································································ 7
2.2.3 窗掃式成像光譜儀 (Windowing) ······································································· 8
2.2.4 框幅式成像光譜儀 (Framing) ············································································ 8
2.3高光譜儀系統規格 ········································································································ 9
2.3.1 FOV (Field Of View) ···························································································· 11
2.3.2 IFOV (Instantaneous Field Of View) ·································································· 12
2.3.3 GRC (Ground Resolution Cell) ··········································································· 12
2.3.4 GSD (Ground Sampling distance)······································································· 13
2.3.5 ACR (Areal coverage rate) ·················································································· 14
2.4高光譜儀系統結構 ······································································································ 14
2.4.1高光譜儀 ·············································································································· 15
2.4.2鏡頭 ······················································································································ 16
2.4.3單狹縫繞射 ·········································································································· 18
2.4.4反射鏡 ·················································································································· 20
2.4.5光柵 ······················································································································ 20
2.4.6感光元件 ·············································································································· 23
第三章實驗室校正 ··············································································································· 26
V
3.1組裝校正實驗 ·············································································································· 26
3.1.1雷射組裝定位概要 ······························································································ 26
3.1.2雷射組裝器材與配置 ·························································································· 27
3.1.3雷射組裝定位步驟 ······························································································ 30
3.1.4雷射組裝定位結果 ······························································································ 31
3.2汞(氬)燈及氖燈波長校正 ·························································································· 33
3.2.1標準燈校正目的 ·································································································· 33
3.2.2標準燈校正器材與配置 ······················································································ 34
3.2.3標準燈校正步驟 ·································································································· 36
3.2.4標準燈校正結果 ·································································································· 39
3.3光強度測試 ·················································································································· 45
3.3.1光強度測試目的 ·································································································· 45
3.3.2光強度測試器材與配置 ······················································································ 45
3.3.3光強度測試步驟 ·································································································· 47
3.3.4光強度測試比較結果 ·························································································· 48
3.4光譜解析度及視角(FOV)測試實驗 ············································································ 53
3.4.1光譜解析度及視角測試 ······················································································ 53
3.4.2光譜解析度與視角測試器材 ·············································································· 53
3.4.3光譜解析度與視角測試步驟 ·············································································· 54
3.4.4光譜解析度與視角測試結果 ·············································································· 55
第四章觀測結果與資料處理 ······························································································· 59
4.1拍攝方法 ······················································································································ 59
4.2資料處理方法 ·············································································································· 61
4.3拍攝結果 ······················································································································ 65
第五章總結與未來工作 ······································································································· 67
5.1總結 ······························································································································ 67
5.2未來工作 ······················································································································ 69
附錄：發展的光譜儀和市售光譜儀比較 ············································································· 70
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參考資料 ································································································································· 71

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指導教授

郭政靈(Cheng-Ling Kuo)

審核日期

2020-1-14

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