參考文獻 |
Abrahamson, N.A., Hollenback, J.C., 2012. Application of single station sigma ground motion prediction equations in practice. Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, paper 2536.
Abrahamson, N.A., Kuehn, N.M., Walling, M., Landwehr, N., 2019. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis in California using nonergodic ground‐motion models. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 109(4), 1235-1249.
Abrahamson, N.A., Silva, W.J., 1997. Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes. Seismological Research Letters, 68 (1), 94-127. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.68.1.94
Abrahamson, N.A., Silva, W.J., 2008. Summary of the Abrahamson & Silva NGA ground-motion relations. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 67-97.
Abrahamson, N.A., Silva, W.J., Kamai, R., 2014. Summary of the ASK14 ground motion relation for active crustal regions. Earthquake Spectra, 30(3), 1025-1055. https://doi.org/10.1193/070913EQS198M.
Abrahamson, N.A., Youngs, R.R., 1992. A stable algorithm for regression analyses using the random effects model. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 82(1), 505-510.
Akkar, S., Çağnan, Z., 2010. A local ground-motion predictive model for Turkey, and its comparison with other regional and global ground-motion models. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 100(6), 2978-2995.
Al Atik, L., Abrahamson, N.A., 2010. An improved method for nonstationary spectral matching. Earthquake Spectra, 26(3), 601-617. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3459159.
Allen, T.I., Wald, D.J., 2009. On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (Vs30). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 99(2A), 935-943.
Ameri, G., Hollender, F., Perron, V., Martin, C., 2017. Site-specific partially nonergodic PSHA for a hard-rock critical site in southern France: adjustment of ground motion prediction equations and sensitivity analysis. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 15(10), 4089-4111.
Anderson, J.G., Brune, J.N., 1999. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis without the ergodic assumption. Seismological Research Letters, 70(1), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.70.1.19.
Anderson, J.G., Brune, J.N., Anooshehpoor, R., Ni, S.D., 2000. New ground motion data and concepts in seismic hazard analysis. Current Science 79(9), 1278-1290.
Anderson, J.G., Lee, Y.J., Zeng, Y. H., Day, S., 1996. Control of strong motion by the upper 30 meters. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6), 1749-1759.
Anderson, J.G., Uchiyama, Y., 2011. A methodology to improve ground-motion prediction equations by including path corrections. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 101(4), 1822-1846. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090359.
Ashford, S. A., Sitar, N., 1997. Analysis of topographic amplification of inclined shear waves in a steep coastal bluff. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87(3), 692-700.
Athanasopoulos, G.A., Pelekis, P.C., Leonidou, E.A., 1999. Effects of surface topography on seismic ground response in the Egion (Greece) 15 June 1995 earthquake. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 18(2), 135-149.
Atik, L.A., Abrahamson, N., Bommer, J.J., Scherbaum, F., Cotton, F., Kuehn, N., 2010. The variability of ground-motion prediction models and its components. Seismological Research Letters, 81(5), 794-801.
Atkinson, G.M., 2006. Single-station sigma. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 96(2), 446-455. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050137.
Bindi, D., Pacor, F., Luzi, L., Puglia, R., Massa, M., Ameri, G., Paolucci, R., 2011. Ground motion prediction equations derived from the Italian strong motion database. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 9(6), 1899-1920.
Bommer, J.J., Abrahamson, N.A., 2006. Why do modern probabilistic seismic-hazard analyses often lead to increased hazard estimates? Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 96(6), 1967-1977. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060043.
Bommer, J.J., Acevedo, A.B., 2004. The use of real earthquake accelerograms as input to dynamic analysis. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 8(spec01), 43-91.
Boore, D.M., Watson-Lamprey, J., Abrahamson, N.A., 2006. Orientation-independent measures of ground motion. Bulletin of the seismological Society of America, 96(4A), 1502-1511.
Boore, D.M., Atkinson, G.M., 2008. Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA, PGV, and 5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between 0.01 s and 10.0 s. Earthquake spectra, 24(1), 99-138.
Boore, D.M., Joyner, W.B., Fumal, T.E., 1997. Equations for estimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from western North American earthquakes: A summary of recent work. Seismological Research Letters, 68(1), 128-153.
Boore, D.M., Stewart, J.P., Seyhan, E., Atkinson, G.M., 2014. NGA-West2 equations for predicting PGA, PGV, and 5% damped PSA for shallow crustal earthquakes. Earthquake Spectra, 30(3), 1057-1085. https://doi.org/10.1193/070113EQS184M.
Bragato, P.L., Slejko, D., 2005. Empirical ground-motion attenuation relations for the eastern Alps in the magnitude range 2.5–6.3. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 95(1), 252-276.
Brillinger, D.R., Preisler, H.K., 1984. An exploratory analysis of the Joyner-Boore attenuation data. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 74(4), 1441-1450.
Brillinger, D.R., Preisler, H.K., 1985. Further analysis of the Joyner-Boore attenuation data. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 75(2), 611-614.
Campbell, K.W., 1997. Empirical near-source attenuation relationships for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra. Seismological Research Letters, 68(1), 154-179.
Campbell, K.W., Bozorgnia, Y., 2003. Updated near-source ground-motion (attenuation) relations for the horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration and acceleration response spectra. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 93(1), 314-331.
Campbell, K.W., Bozorgnia, Y., 2008. NGA ground motion model for the geometric mean horizontal component of PGA, PGV, PGD and 5% damped linear elastic response spectra for periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 s. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 139-171.
Campbell, K.W., Bozorgnia, Y., 2014. NGA-West2 ground motion model for the average horizontal components of PGA, PGV, and 5% damped linear acceleration response spectra. Earthquake Spectra, 30(3), 1087-1115. https://doi.org/10.1193/062913EQS175M.
Celebi, M., Prince, J., Dietel, C., Onate, M., Chavez, G., 1987. The culprit in Mexico City—amplification of motions. Earthquake Spectra, 3(2), 315-328.
Chao, S.H., Chiou, B., Hsu, C.C., Lin, P.S., 2020. A horizontal ground-motion model for crustal and subduction earthquakes in Taiwan. Earthquake Spectra, 36(2), 463-506.
Chen, Y.H., Tsai, C.C.P., 2002. A new method for estimation of the attenuation relationship with variance components. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 92(5), 1984-1991. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120010205.
Cheng, C.T., Hsieh, P.S., Lin, P.S., Yen, Y.T., Chan, C.H., 2015. Probability seismic hazard mapping of Taiwan. Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 10, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_100-1.
Chiou, B.J., Youngs, R.R, 2008. An NGA model for the average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra. Earthquake spectra, 24(1), 173-215.
Chiou, B.S.J., Youngs, R.R., 2014. Update of the Chiou and Youngs NGA model for the average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra. Earthquake Spectra, 30(3), 1117-1153. https://doi.org/10.1193/072813EQS219M.
Cornell, C.A., 1968. Engineering seismic risk analysis. Bulletin of the seismological society of America, 58(5), 1583-1606.
Dawood, H.M., Rodriguez‐Marek, A., 2013. A method for including path effects in ground‐motion prediction equations: An example using the Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake aftershocks. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 103(2B), 1360-1372.
Gao, J.C., Lee, C.T., 2014. Considering both aleatory variability and epistemic variability in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. In AGU Fall Meeting, S31C-4444.
Hanks, T.C., H. Kanamori., 1979. A moment magnitude scale. Journal of Geophysical Research, 84(5), 2348-2350, 9B0059, doi:10.1029/JB084iB05p02348.
Heaton, T., Tajima, F., Mori, A.W., 1986. Estimating ground motions using recorded accelerograms. Surveys in Geophysics, 8, 25-83.
Idriss, I.M, 1991. Earthquake ground motions at soft soil sites. International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, 2265-2273.
Idriss, I.M., 2008. An NGA empirical model for estimating the horizontal spectral values generated by shallow crustal earthquakes, Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 216-242.
Idriss, I.M., 2014. An NGA-West2 empirical model for estimating the horizontal spectral values generated by shallow crustal earthquakes. Earthquake Spectra, 30(3), 1155-1177. https://doi.org/10.1193/070613EQS195M.
Jibson, R., 1987. Summary of research on the effects of topographic amplification of earthquake shaking on slope stability. US Geological Survey, 87-269.
Joyner, W.B., Boore, D.M., 1981. Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 Imperial Valley, California, earthquake. Bulletin of the seismological Society of America, 71(6), 2011-2038.
Kaklamanos, J., Baise, L.G., Boore, D.M., 2011. Estimating unknown input parameters when implementing the NGA ground-motion prediction equations in engineering practice. Earthquake Spectra, 27(4), 1219-1235.
Kao, H., Liu, Y.H., Jian, P.R., 2001. Source parameters of regional earthquakes in Taiwan: January-December, 1997. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 12(2), 431-439.
Kohrangi, M., Kotha, S.R., Bazzurro, P., 2021. Impact of partially non-ergodic site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard on risk assessment of single buildings. Earthquake Spectra, 37(1), 409-427.
Kotha, S.R., Bindi, D., Cotton, F., 2016. Partially non-ergodic region specific GMPE for Europe and Middle-East. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 14(4), 1245-1263.
Kuehn, N.M., Scherbaum, F., 2016. A partially non-ergodic ground-motion prediction equation for Europe and the Middle East. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 14(10), 2629-2642.
Kuehn, N.M., Abrahamson, N.A., Walling, M.A., 2019. Incorporating nonergodic path effects into the NGA‐West2 ground‐motion prediction equations. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 109(2), 575-585.
Kuehn, N.M., Abrahamson, N.A., 2020. Spatial correlations of ground motion for non‐ergodic seismic hazard analysis. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 49(1), 4-23.
Kuo, C.H., Chen, C.T., Lin, C.M., Wen, K.L., Huang, J.Y., Chang, S.C., 2016. S-wave velocity structure and site effect parameters derived by microtremor arrays in the western plain of Taiwan. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 128, 27-41.
Kuo, C.H., Wen, K.L., Hsieh, H.H., Lin, C.M., Chang, T.M., Kuo, K.W., 2012. Site classification and Vs30 estimation of free-field TSMIP stations using the logging data of EGDT. Engineering Geology, 129, 68-75. DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2012.01.013
Landwehr, N., Kuehn, N.M., Scheffer, T., Abrahamson, N.A., 2016. A nonergodic ground-motion model for California with spatially varying coefficients, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 106(6), 2574-2583.
Lanzano, G., D’Amico, M., Felicetta, C., Puglia, R., Luzi, L., Pacor, F., Bindi, D., 2016. Ground‐motion prediction equations for region‐specific probabilistic seismic‐hazard analysis. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 106(1), 73-92.
Lanzano, G., D′Amico, M., Felicetta, C., Luzi, L., Puglia, R., 2017. Update of the single-station sigma analysis for the Italian strong-motion stations. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 15(6), 2411-2428.
Lee, C.T., 1999. Neotectonics and active faults in Taiwan. Workshop on Disaster Prevention/Management and Green Technology, Foster City, California, U.S.A., 61-74.
Lee, C.T., 2008. Factors affecting topographic amplification - example from Taiwan. EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Australia, April.
Lee, C.T., Cheng, C.T., Liao, C.W., Tsai, Y.B., 2001. Site classification of Taiwan free-field strong-motion stations. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 91(5), 1283-1297. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120000736.
Lee, C.T., Tsai, B.R., 2008. Mapping Vs30 in Taiwan. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 19(6), 671-682.
Lin, P.S., Lee, C.T., 2008. Ground-motion attenuation relationships for subduction-zone earthquakes in northeastern Taiwan. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 98(1), 220-240. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060002.
Lin, P.S., Chiou, B.S.J., Abrahamson, N.A., Walling, M., Lee, C.T., Cheng, C.T., 2011a. Repeatable source, site, and path effects on the standard deviation for empirical ground-motion prediction models. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 101(5), 2281-2295. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090312.
Lin, P.S., Lee, C.T., Cheng, C.T., 2011b. Response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes in Taiwan. Engineering Geology, 121(3-4), 150-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.04.019.
Liu, K.S., Shin, T.C., Tsai, Y.B., 1999. A free-field strong-motion network in Taiwan: TSMIP. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 10(2), 377-396.
Luzi, L., Bindi, D., Puglia, R., Pacor, F., Oth, A., 2014. Single-station sigma for Italian strong-motion stations. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 104(1), 467-483. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130089.
Mohraz, B., 1976. A study of earthquake response spectra for different geological conditions. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 66(3), 915-935.
Morikawa, N., Kanno, T., Narita, A., Fujiwara, H., Okumura, T., Fukushima, Y., Guerpinar, A., 2008. Strong motion uncertainty determined from observed records by dense network in Japan. Journal of Seismology, 12(4), 529-546.
Newmark, N.M., Hall, W.J., 1982. Earthquake spectra and design. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Berkeley, CA.
Phung, V.B., Loh, C.H., Chao, S.H., Abrahamson, N.A., 2020a. Ground motion prediction equation for Taiwan subduction zone earthquakes. Earthquake Spectra, 36(3), 1331-1358.
Phung, V.B., Loh, C.H., Chao, S.H., Chiou, B.S., Huang, B.S., 2020b. Ground motion prediction equation for crustal earthquakes in Taiwan. Earthquake Spectra, 36(4), 2129-2164.
Pinheiro, J., Bates, D., DebRoy, S., Sarkar, D., Team, R.C., 2020. Nlme: linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. R package version 3.1-149.
Restrepo-Velez, L.F., Bommer, J.J., 2003. An exploration of the nature of the scatter in ground-motion prediction equations and the implications for seismic hazard assessment. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 7(spec01), 171-199.
Rodriguez-Marek, A., Cotton, F., Abrahamson, N.A., Akkar, S., Al Atik, L., Edwards, B., Montalva G.A., Dawood, H.M., 2013. A model for single-station standard deviation using data from various tectonic regions. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 103(6), 3149-3163. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130030.
Rodriguez-Marek, A., Montalva, G.A., Cotton, F., Bonilla, F., 2011. Analysis of single-station standard deviation using the KiK-net data. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 101(3), 1242-1258. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100252.
Rodriguez-Marek, A., Rathje, E.M., Bommer, J.J., Scherbaum, F., Stafford, P.J., 2014. Application of single-station sigma and site-response characterization in a probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis for a new nuclear site. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 104(4), 1601-1619. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130196.
Sadigh, K., Chang, C.Y., Abrahamson, N.A., Chiou, S.J., Power M.S., 1993. Specification of long-period ground motions: updated attenuation relationships for rock site conditions and adjustment factors for near-fault effects, in Proc. ATC-17-1 Seminar on Seismic Isolation, Passive Energy Dissipation, and Active Control, March 11-12, San Francisco, California, 59-70.
Sadigh, K., Chang, C.Y., Egan, J.A., Makdisi, F., Youngs, R.R., 1997. Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on California strong motion data. Seismological Research Letters, 68(1), 180-189.
Sedaghati, F., Pezeshk, S., 2017. Partially nonergodic empirical ground‐motion models for predicting horizontal and vertical PGV, PGA, and 5% damped linear acceleration response spectra using data from the Iranian plateau. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 107(2), 934-948.
Seed, H.B., Ugas, C., Lysmer, J., 1976. Site-dependent spectra for earthquake-resistant design. Bulletin of the Seismological society of America, 66(1), 221-243.
Shin, T.C., Chang, C.H., Pu, H.C., Lin, H.W., Leu, P.L., 2013. The geophysical database management system in Taiwan. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 24(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.3319/TAO.2012.09.20.01(T).
Shyu, J.B.H., Chuang, Y.R., Chen, Y.L., Lee, Y.R., Cheng, C.T., 2016. A new on-land seismogenic structure source database from the Taiwan Earthquake Model (TEM) project for seismic hazard analysis of Taiwan. Terrestrial, Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, 27(3), 311-323.
Stafford, P.J., 2014. Crossed and nested mixed‐effects approaches for enhanced model development and removal of the ergodic assumption in empirical ground‐motion models. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 104(2), 702-719.
Strasser, F.O., Abrahamson N.A., Bommer, J.J., 2009. Sigma: issues, insights, and challenges. Seismological Research Letters, 80(1), 40-56. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.1.40.
Sung, C.H., Lee, C.T., 2009. Single site strong-motion attenuation relationship. Proceeding of the Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-induced Landslides - an International Conference in Commemoration of 10th Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake, Jhongli, Taiwan, 284-292.
Sung, C.H., Lee, C.T., 2016. A new methodology for quantification of the systematic path effects on ground‐motion variability. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 106(6), 2796-2810. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160038.
Sung, C.H., Lee, C.T., 2019. Improvement of the quantification of epistemic uncertainty using single‐station ground‐motion prediction equations. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 109(4), 1358-1377.
Tsai, C.C.P., Chen, Y.H., Liu, C.H., 2006. The path effect in ground-motion variability: an application of the variance-components technique. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 96(3), 1170-1176.
Tselentis, G.A., Danciu, L., 2008. Empirical relationships between modified Mercalli intensity and engineering ground-motion parameters in Greece. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 98(4), 1863-1875.
Villani, M., Abrahamson, N.A., 2015. Repeatable site and path effects on the ground‐motion sigma based on empirical data from southern California and simulated waveforms from the CyberShake platform. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 105(5), 2681-2695.
Wang, Y.J., Chan, C.H., Lee, Y.T., Ma, K.F., Shyu, J.B.H., Rau, R.J., Cheng, C.T., 2016. Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Taiwan. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 27(3), 325-340.
Wang, Y.J., Ma, K.F., Mouthereau, F., Eberhart-Phillips, D., 2010. Three-dimensional Qp-and Qs-tomography beneath Taiwan orogenic belt: implications for tectonic and thermal structure. Geophysical Journal International, 180(2), 891-910.
Wells, D. L., Coppersmith, K. J., 1994. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 84(4), 974-1002.
Wu, Y.M., Zhao, L., Chang, C.H., Hsu, Y.J., 2008. Focal-mechanism determination in Taiwan by genetic algorithm. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 98(2), 651-661. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070115.
Youngs, R.R., Coppersmith, K.J., 1985. Implications of fault slip rates and earthquake recurrence models to probabilistic seismic hazard estimates. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 75(4), 939-964.
李錫堤、馬國鳳、秦葆珩,1999,美濃水庫設計地震評估成果報告,台灣省政府水利處,共320頁。
高嘉謙,2015。單站地動預估式建立及場址特定地震危害度分析,國立中央大學碩士論文,共127頁。
經濟部水利署南區水資源局,2015。牡丹水庫第三次定期安全評估報告,共912頁。
臺灣嘉南農田水利會,2018。烏山頭水庫第五次定期安全評估報告,共800頁。
蔡義本、王乾盈、李錫堤、許茂雄、劉坤松,1998。台灣區學校附近活斷層普查及防震對策研究計畫,台灣省政府教育廳研究報告,共274頁。
鄭世楠,2010。臺灣地區地震目錄的建置(II),中央氣象局地震技術報告彙編,第64卷,483-501。
鄭錦桐,2002。台灣地區 PSHA 的不確定分析與參數拆解,中央大學地球物理研究所博士論文,共243頁。 |