銫原子蘭道g值之量測

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陳正恩(Jeng-En Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

物理學系

論文名稱

銫原子蘭道g值之量測
(Measurement of cesium Lande g-factor)

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摘要(中)

我們使用實驗室的884奈米雷射系統，其包含了兩台外腔式半導體雷射，先將其中一台雷射之光頻率鎖在銫原子6S-6D交叉譜線訊號上，為主雷射。再利用偏頻鎖相的技術將主雷射與僕雷射的拍頻訊號以設定的參考頻率鎖在主雷射上，為僕雷射，此參考頻率由訊號產生器提供。藉由偏頻鎖相控制僕雷射頻率來掃描銫原子6S-6D的無都卜勒背景雙光子躍遷譜線。
接著，我們在銫原子氣室外圍給予一外加微弱磁場，並利用四分之一波片板，令銫原子吸收兩道圓偏振光。測量6S-6D的躍遷譜線之頻率中心隨磁場變化，並由數據擬合得出斜率，經由計算後，可以得知銫原子6D3/2的gJ值為0.77(4)。

摘要(英)

I use an 884nm laser system which contains two parts. One is named “master laser system”, another one is named “slave laser system”. I lock the laser frequency of the master-laser system on the cross-over resonance of Cesium 6S to 6D hyperfine transition. For slave laser system, I offset lock the beat frequency between master and slave laser against a a function generator. So, I can change the frequency of slave laser by varying the aforementioned beat frequency, by which I am able to sweep the Cesium 6S to 6D Doppler-free two photons transition spectroscopy.
Next, we apply a weak magnetic field onto the atomic cesium, and use a quarter wave plate to make the cesium atom absorbing two circularly polarized lights. The variation of Cesium 6S-6D transition center frequency with the magnetic field is measured, and the slope is obtained by fitting the data. After calculation, the gJ value of the 6D 3/2 of the cesium atom is 0.77 (4).

關鍵字(中)

★ 銫原子
★ 蘭道g值

關鍵字(英)

★ Lande g-factor
★ Cesium

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章歷史背景與研究動機..........................1
1-1 歷史上量測gJ的實驗............................2
1-2 研究目標.....................................3
第二章理論......................................4
2-1 超精細結構在微弱磁場(小於1高斯)下的塞曼效應....4
2-2 E1 、E2躍遷.................................9
2-3 克萊布希－高登係數(Clebsch–Gordan coefficients)之對稱性.....13
2-4 D軌域之g_J量測..............................17
第三章實驗架構.................................21
3-1 884nm雷射穩頻系統...........................22
3-2 交叉譜線訊號................................23
3-3 雷射穩頻....................................24
3-4 884雷射掃頻系統.............................26
3-5 偏頻鎖相....................................27
3-6 穩定雷射功率................................30
3-7 零磁場線圈架設..............................31
第四章實驗結果.................................33
4-1 零磁場量測..................................33
4-2 塞曼子能階躍遷機率的對稱性...................35
4-3 g_J的量測...................................36
4-4 線偏振不純導致6S-6D譜線不對稱................40
4-5 結論........................................42
參考文獻........................................43
附錄一 CG係數計算................................45

參考文獻

[1] 陳亭儒, ”銫原子6S1/2-6D3/2 超精細躍遷絕對頻率與超精細結構”,2017

[2] A. Kortyna, N. A. Masluk and T. Bragdon,"Measurement of the 6d2DJ hypefine structure of cesium using resonant two-photon sub-Doppler spectroscopy", Phys. Rev. A, Vol.74(2006)

[3] J. Lloyd Armstrong, in Theory of the Hyperfine Structure of Free Atoms (Wiley-Interscience, New York, (1971), 1st ed.

[4] S. Svanberg and G. Belin, ‘’Determination of hyperfine structure and gj factors in the sequences of 2D states in alkali atoms using a tunable dye laser’’, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 7 L82(1974).

[5] G. Belin, L. Holmgren, I. Lindgren and S. Svanberg , ‘’Hyperfine Interaction, Zeemran and Stark Effects for Excited States in Potassium’’ Physica Scripta. Vol. 12, 287-294 (1975)

[6] Masashi Abe, Ryohei Itoyama, Yuta Komiyama, Takuma Ito, Taro Mashimo, and Satoshi Tojo, ‘’ Quantitative investigation of the Zeeman and Paschen-Back effects of the hyperfine structure during the rubidium 5S 1/2→ 5D 5/2’’, Phys. Rev. A 99(2019)

[7] Vladislav Gerginov, Andrei Derevianko, and Carol E. Tanner, "Observation of the Nuclear Magnetic Octupole Moment of 133Cs", Phys. Rev. Lett, Vol.91, No.7(2003)

[8] Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, “CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 1998,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 72, 351 (2000).

[9] C.W. White, W. M. Hughes, G. s. Hayne, and H. G. Robinson, ‘’Determination of g-Factor Ratios for Free Rb85 and Rb87 Atoms’’, Phys. Rev. 174, 23(1968)

[10] Chien-Ming Wu,1,3 Tze-Wei Liu,1,2,3 and Wang-Yau Cheng3, ’’Quantum interference in two-photon spectroscopy for laser stabilization and cesium-cell comparison’’ PRA 92(2015).

[11] G. GRYNBERG and B. CACNAC ‘’Doppler-free multiphotonic spectroscopy’’

[12] T. J. Beahn and F. D. Bedard, ‘’Measurement of the ground′-state g_J factor of 23Na’’, Phys. Rev. A 16, 2203 (1977).

[13] T. J. Beahn and F. D. Bedard , ‘’Measurement of Rubidium-Potassium Ground-state g_J ratio by spin exchange optical-pumping’’ (1972).

[14] C.W. White, W. M. Hughes, G. s. Hayne, and H. G. Robinson, ‘’Determination of g-Factor Ratios for Free Rb85 and Rb87 Atoms’’, Phys. Rev. 174, 23 (1968)

[15] C. W. White, W. M. Hughes, G. S. Hayne, and H. G. Robinson, ‘’Determination of g-Factor Ratios for Free 133Cs and 87Rb Atoms’’, Phys. Rev. A 7, 1178 (1973)

指導教授

鄭王曜(Wang-Yau Cheng)

審核日期

2020-8-20

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