高動態範圍影像式照度即時檢測系統

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姓名

蕭力瑋(Li-Wei Hsiao) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

高動態範圍影像式照度即時檢測系統
(High-dynamic-range Imaging System for Real-time Detection of Illuminance)

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★ 陣列式燈具光學特性快速量測之研究

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2024-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

擁有優良設計的車頭燈不僅能夠為駕駛者提供良好的駕駛體驗，更能確保駕駛在夜間行車的安全。因此各國政府會建立一套有系統的法規去對車前燈進行規範。傳統的車前燈量測使用配光曲線儀逐點量測，藉以獲得全場域的光場分佈。本論文使用單眼數位相機拍攝後所生成的原始圖檔，經由影像處理以及整體系統響應補償後，讓我們可精準獲得量測面的照度值。並藉由不同的曝光時間來擴大系統量測的動態範圍。最後，判斷車前燈的是否通過德國法規(K-mark)或歐盟ECE R113 Class B 法規(E-mark)。由實驗結果可以得知，在低於2 lx的部份，我們的計算值與實際量測值誤差在0.1 lx以下，而在高於2 ‍lx的部份，我們的計算值與實際量測值誤差小於 5 %。

摘要(英)

A well-designed headlamp provides the automobile drivers with not only an excellent driving experience but also the high degree of safety for night driving. Therefore, all the governments in the world have established the systematic regulations for headlamps. Conventional time-consuming measurement on the light field distribution of headlamps utilizes the point scanning method in the goniophotometer. In this thesis, the raw codec file captured by a DSLR (digital single-lens reflex) camera on the screen illuminated by the headlamp is accurately converted into the illuminance distribution to greatly saving the measurement time. Several image processing and calibration procedures on system responses are executed in the study. Moreover, the dynamic range of the measurement is also expanded by tuning the exposure dime. Finally, the headlamp can be quickly evaluated for the K-mark regulation and/or E-mark regulation. The accuracy is less than 0.1 lx as the illuminance is lower than 2 lx, while less than 5 % as the illuminance is higher than 2lx.

關鍵字(中)

★ 單眼數位相機
★ 原始圖檔
★ 影像處理
★ 高動態範圍
★ 近光燈
★ 遠光燈
★ K-mark
★ E-mark

關鍵字(英)

★ DSLR
★ Raw data
★ Image processing
★ HDR
★ Low beam
★ High beam
★ K-mark
★ E-mark

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XIV
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 8
1-3 論文大綱 11
第二章基礎原理 12
2-1 輻射學與光度學 12
2-2 照度餘弦定理 21
2-3 相機輻射照度與輻射輝度之關係 26
第三章 LED車前燈之法規介紹 28
3-1 德國 StVZO 22A No. 23法規 30
3-2 歐盟UNECE規範 No. 113法規 33
第四章影像處理與應用 38
4-1 影像式感光元件 39
4-2 相機原始圖檔 42
4-3影像處理 46
4-3-1 歸一化處理 47
4-3-2 白平衡校正 47
4-3-3 去馬賽克化 52
4-3-4 結論 53
第五章車前燈法規檢測系統 54
5-1 系統架設與量測環境介紹 54
5-2 相機系統校正與測試 59
5-2-1 相機系統離軸響應校正 59
5-2-2 相機灰階與光源輝度之關係 61
5-2-3 投影布幕反射率量測與分析 66
5-2-4 系統離軸響應量測與分析 73
5-3 標準動態範圍車前燈法規檢測系統 76
5-3-1 曝光時間的選擇與雜訊的去除 76
5-3-2 灰階與照度轉換關係式 79
5-3-3 車前燈法規檢測 82
5-4 高動態範圍車前燈法規檢測系統 84
5-4-1 曝光時間的選擇 84
5-4-2 灰階與照度轉換關係式 85
5-4-3 車前燈法規檢測 93
第六章結論 96
參考文獻 98
附錄A 102
中英文名詞對照表 103

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指導教授

楊宗勳孫慶成(Tsung-Hsun Yang Ching-Cherng Sun)

審核日期

2021-8-25

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