芽孢桿菌細胞壁對增強工程用水泥基複合材料(ECC)力學與自癒性能的影響

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：78

、訪客IP：3.144.172.101

姓名

麥涵偉(Christian Winata) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

芽孢桿菌細胞壁對增強工程用水泥基複合材料(ECC)力學與自癒性能的影響
(The Influence of Bacillus Bacteria Cell Walls on Enhancing The Mechanical and Self-Healing Performances of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC))

相關論文

★ 電弧爐氧化碴特性及取代混凝土粗骨材之成效研究	★ 路基土壤回彈模數試驗系統量測不確定度與永久變形行為探討
★ 工業廢棄物再利用於營建工程粒料策略之研究	★ 以鹼活化技術資源化電弧爐煉鋼還原碴之研究
★ 低放處置場工程障壁之溶出失鈣及劣化敏感度分析	★ 以知識本體技術與探勘方法探討台北都會區道路工程與管理系統之研究
★ 電弧爐煉鋼爐碴特性及取代混凝土粗骨材之研究	★ 三維有限元素應用於柔性鋪面之非線性分析
★ 放射性廢料處置場緩衝材料之力學性質	★ 放射性廢料深層處置場填封用薄漿之流變性與耐久性研究
★ 路基土壤受反覆載重作用之累積永久變形研究	★ 還原碴取代部份水泥之研究
★ 路基土壤反覆載重下之回彈與塑性行為及模式建構	★ 重載交通荷重對路面損壞分析模式之建立
★ 鹼活化電弧爐還原碴之水化反應特性	★ 電弧爐氧化碴為混凝土骨材之可行性研究

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

環境暴露對混凝土結構造成的破壞可能會導致水加速鋼筋的腐蝕。此外，由於缺乏熟練工人，許多承包商近年抱怨混凝土質量不佳。工程用水泥基複合材料 (Engineered Cementitious Composite, ECC) 是一種環保材料，使用廢料（飛灰）和聚乙烯醇 (Polyvinyl Alcohol, PVA) 纖維，通常為2% 以具有更大的應變能力、自固結和自修復能力。然而，當裂紋寬度超過50 µm時，它無法快速完全癒合。為了提高其自癒能力，細菌細胞壁 (Bacterial Cell Walls, BCW) 是與ECC結合的替代方法。兩種類型的BCW：枯草芽孢桿菌和巨大芽孢桿菌，以水重量0.34% 的相同濕重的量摻入ECC。作為對比，使用含 2% 纖維的ECC-M45作為對照。進行流動性、變形係數、壓縮強度、單軸拉伸強度、彎曲強度、電阻率、pH測量和吸水率試驗以測試材料力學性能，同時使用顯微鏡調查裂紋寬度作為吸附恢復試驗以評估自癒性能。結果表明，加入BCW有效地提高了ECC的力學性能，在ECC中添加BCW Subtilis後，拉伸和彎曲強度均增加，而使用BCW Megaterium的ECC顯示出更好的應變能力和比對照組更大的強度。此外，在ECC中添加BCW也顯示出比沒有BCW更好的裂紋寬度減少，其中大部分裂紋寬度在28天復發開始時迅速閉合。因此，可以說BCW的加入可以增強ECC的力學與自癒性能。

摘要(英)

Damage to concrete structures caused by environmental exposure may lead to water accelerate the corrosion of steel bars. Besides, many contractors recently complained about the poor quality of concrete due to the lack of skilled workers. Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is an eco-friendly material using waste material (fly ash) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, typically 2% that characterizes greater strain capacity, self-consolidating, and self-healing capability. However, it cannot be fully healed with a crack width over 50 µm rapidly. To improve its self-healing capability, bacterial cell walls (BCW) are alternative approaches to incorporate with ECC. Two types of BCW, bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium, were incorporated into ECC in the same amount of 0.34% wet weight of water weight. As a comparison, ECC-M45 with 2% fiber was applied as a control. The flowability, deformability factor, compressive strength, uniaxial tensile strength, flexural strength, resistivity, pH measurement, and water absorption test were performed as mechanical performances, while crack width investigation using microscope supported sorptivity recovery test were implemented as self-healing performances. The results indicated that adding BCW effectively improved the mechanical performance of ECC. It was found that both tensile and flexural strength increased with the addition of BCW Subtilis to ECC, while ECC with BCW Megaterium showed better strain capacity with greater strength than the control. Furthermore, adding BCW to ECC also revealed better crack-width reduction than without BCW, where most of the crack width had closed rapidly at the beginning of 28-day recurrence. Therefore, it can be said that the addition of BCW can enhance the mechanical and self-healing performances of ECC.

關鍵字(中)

★ 工程用水泥基複合材料
★ 細菌細胞壁
★ 自癒性能
★ 力學性能
★ 芽孢桿菌類型
★ Bio ECC

關鍵字(英)

★ Engineered cementitious composite
★ Bacterial cell walls
★ Self-healing performances
★ Mechanical performances
★ Bacillus types
★ Bio ECC

論文目次

Chinese Abstract i
English Abstract ii
Preface iii
Acknowledgments iv
Table of Contents v
List of Figures viii
List of Tables xii
Explanation of Symbols xiv
Chapter I Introduction 1
1.1 Research background 1
1.2 Research objectives 1
1.3 Research scopes 2
1.4 Research flowchart 2
Chapter II Literature Review 4
2.1 Repairing structural techniques 4
2.2 Fiber composite materials 5
2.2.1 Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) 5
2.2.2 Engineered cementitious composite 5
2.2.3 The comparison between FRC and ECC 5
2.3 The type of various self-healing mechanism 6
2.3.1 Autogenous self-healing of ECC 7
2.3.2 Autonomous encapsulated bacteria-based 9
2.3.3 Autonomous bacteria-based (microbial induced calcite precipitation) 10
2.3.3.1 The improvement of mechanical performances in BCW 11
2.4 The effect of medium sources for microbial concrete production 12
2.5 Bio-derived viscosity modifying admixture (VMA) 14
2.5.1 BCW treated as VMA 15
2.6 The improvement of bacterial incorporation with ECC 17
2.7 The benefits of using self-healing materials 19
Chapter III Research Methodology 20
3.1 Research programs 20
3.2 Research limitation 23
3.3 Material properties 23
3.3.1 Fly ash 23
3.3.2 Silica sand 25
3.3.3 Fiber specification 25
3.3.4 Bacterial specification 26
3.4 Bacterial preparation 26
3.4.1 Cultivation of bacteria 26
3.4.2 The process of collecting bacterial cell walls 27
3.4.3 Medium preparation 28
3.4.4 The viability of bacteria 29
3.5 Mix design proportion 30
3.6 Experimental programs 32
3.6.1 Flow of mortar test 32
3.6.2 Deformability test 32
3.6.3 Compressive strength test 33
3.6.4 Uniaxial tensile strength test 33
3.6.5 Flexural strength test 35
3.6.5.1 The empirical relationship between flexural and compressive strength 39
3.6.6 Resistivity test 39
3.6.7 The pH measurement 41
3.6.8 Water absorption test (sorptivity) 41
3.6.9 Sorptivity recovery test (self-healing performance) 44
3.6.10 Crack width recovery test 44
Chapter IV Results and Discussion 47
4.1 Consistency performances 47
4.1.1 Flowability test 47
4.1.2 Deformability factor 48
4.2 Mechanical Improvement 49
4.2.1 Compressive strength 49
4.2.2 Uniaxial tensile strength behavior 50
4.2.3 Flexural strength behavior 52
4.2.4 Surface resistivity 59
4.2.5 The pH of ECC 60
4.2.6 Water absorption (sorptivity) 61
4.3 Self-healing performances 65
4.3.1 Sorptivity recovery investigation 65
4.3.2 Crack width Investigation 70
4.3.3 The investigation of the self-healing mechanism 76
Chapter V Conclusions and Recommendations 79
5.1 Conclusions 79
5.2 Recommendations 80
References 81
Appendix A 86
Appendix B 87
Appendix C 88
Appendix D 89
Appendix E 93
Appendix F 95
Appendix G 97
Appendix H 98

參考文獻

[1] Okamura, H., and Ouchi, M., “Self-Compacting Concrete,” in Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology,1, 2003, pp. 5-15.
[2] Yang, Y., Lepech, M. D., Yang, E. H., and Li, V. C., “Autogenous healing of engineered cementitious composites under wet-dry cycles,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 39, no. 5, 2009, pp. 382-390.
[3] Pei, R., Liu, J., Wang, S., and Yang, M., “Use of bacterial cell walls to improve the mechanical performance of concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 39, 2013, pp. 122-130.
[4] Pei, R., Liu, J., and Wang, S., “Use of bacterial cell walls as a viscosity-modifying admixture of concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 55, 2015, pp. 186-195.
[5] Azima, M., and Bundur, Z. B., Bio-Derived Rheology Modifying Agents for Cement-Based Materials, 2020.
[6] Taffese, W. Z., and Sistonen, E., “Service Life Prediction of Repaired Structures Using Concrete Recasting Method: State-Of-The-Art,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 57, 2013, pp. 1138-1144.
[7] Kobayashi, K., Iizuka, T., Kurachi, H., and Rokugo, K., “Corrosion protection performance of high performance fiber reinforced cement composites as a repair material,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 32, 2010, pp. 411-420.
[8] Anwar, A. M., Hattori, K., Ogata, H., Ashraf, M., and Mandula, “Engineered Cementitious Composites for Repair of Initially Cracked Concrete Beams,” Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 2, 2009, pp. 223-231.
[9] Gaurav, Gohal, H., Kumar, V., and Jena, H., “Study of natural fibre composite material and its hybridization techniques,” Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020/03/13, 2020.
[10] ACI, "ACI Concrete Terminology," American Concrete Institute (ACI), 2013.
[11] Li, V. C., “From Micromechanics to Structural Engineering-The Design of Cementitious Composites for Civil Engineering Applications,” Journal of Structural Engineering and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 10, 1993, pp. 37s-48s.
[12] Singh, M., Saini, B., and Chalak, H. D., "Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites: A Review," Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Sustainable Waste Management through Design. pp. 473-483.
[13] Li, V. C., Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Bendable Concrete for Sustainable & Resilient Infrastructure, Heidelberger Platz 3, 14197 Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, DE, part of Springer Nature, 2019.
[14] Rajczakowska, M., Habermehl-Cwirzen, K., Hedlund, H., and Cwirzen, A., “Autogenous Self-Healing: A Better Solution for Concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 31, no. 9, 2019, pp. 03119001.
[15] Kan, L. L., Shi, H. S., Sakulich, A. R., and Li, V. C., Self-Healing Characterization of Engineered Cementitious Composite Materials, 0889-325x, vol. 107, 2010.
[16] Şahmaran, M., Yıldırım, G., Noori, R., Özbay, E., and Lachemi, M., “Repeatability and Pervasiveness of Self-Healing in Engineered Cementitious Composites,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 112, 08/01, 2015.
[17] Sahmaran, M., Yildirim, G., and Erdem, T., “Self-Healing Capability of Cementitious Composites Incorporating Different Supplementary Cementitious Material,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 35, 2013, pp. 89-101.
[18] Tittelboom, K. V., Belie, N. D., Muynck, W. D., and Verstraete, W., “Use of bacteria to repair cracks in concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 40, 2010, pp. 157-166.
[19] Hernandez, M., Application of Self-Healing Concrete on Aging Concrete Structures, Scoping ST-2016-7064-1, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, US, 2016.
[20] Jonkers, H. M., and Schlangen, E., "Development of bacteria-based self-healing concrete," Tailor Made Concrete Structures, pp. 425-430, 2008.
[21] Wang, J., Tittelboom, K. V., Belie, N. D., and Verstraete, W., “Use of silica gel or polyurethane immobilized bacteria for self-healing concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 26, 2012, pp. 532-540.
[22] Wiktor, V., and Jonkers, H. M., “Quantification of crack-healing in novel bacteria-based self-healing concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 33, no. 7, 2011, pp. 763-770.
[23] Bachmeier, K. L., Williams, A. E., Warmington, J. R., and Bang, S. S., “Urease activity in microbiologically-induced calcite precipitation,” Biotechnology, vol. 93, 2002, pp. 171–181.
[24] Chahal, N., Siddique, R., and Rajor, A., “Influence of bacteria on the compressive strength, water absorption and rapid chloride permeability of fly ash concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 28, no. 1, 2012, pp. 351-356.
[25] Muynck, W. D., Belie, N. D., and Verstraete, W., “Microbial carbonate precipitation in construction materials: a review,” Ecological Engineering, vol. 36, 2010, pp. 118–136.
[26] Mera, M. U., Kemper, M., Doyle, R., and Beveridge, T. J., “The membrane-induced proton motive force influences the metal-binding ability of Bacillus-Subtilis cell-walls,” Applied Environmental Microbiology, vol. 58, no. 3837, 1992, pp. 44.
[27] Jonkers, H. M., Thijssen, A., Muyzer, G., Copuroglu, O., and Schlangen, E., “Application of bacteria as self-healing agent for the development of sustainable concrete,” Ecological Engineering, vol. 36, no. 2, 2010, pp. 230-235.
[28] Achal, V., Mukherjee, A., Basu, P. C., and Reddy, M. S., “Lactose mother liquor as an alternative nutrient source for microbial concrete production by Sporosarcina pasteurii,” J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, vol. 36, no. 3, Mar, 2009, pp. 433-8.
[29] Schmidt, W., Brouwers, H. J. H., Kühne, H. C., and Meng, B., “The Working Mechanism of Starch and Diutan Gum in Cementitious and Limestone Dispersions in Presence of Polycarboxylate Ether Superplasticizers,” Applied Rheology, vol. 23, 2013, pp. 1–12.
[30] Sonebi, M., “ Rheological properties of grouts with viscosity modifying agents as diutan gum and welan gum incorporating pulverized fly ash,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 36, no. 9, 2006, pp. 1609-1618.
[31] Zhang, Z., Ding, Y., and Qian, S., “Influence of bacterial incorporation on mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites (ECC),” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 196, 2019, pp. 195-203.
[32] Suryanto, B., Wilson, S. A., and McCarter, W. J., “Self-healing of Micro-cracks in Engineered Cementitious Composites,” Civil Engineering Dimension, vol. 17, 2015, pp. 187-194.
[33] ASTM, "Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete," ASTM C618-19, 2019.
[34] Lepech, M. D., and Li, V. C., “Large scale processing of engineered cementitious composites,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 105, 2008, pp. 358-366.
[35] Sahmaran, M., Lachemi, M., Hossain, M., A., K. M., Ranade, R., and Li, V. C., “Influence of Aggregate Type and Size on Ductility and Mechanical Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 106, 2009, pp. 308-316.
[36] Jia, Y., Zhao, R., Liao, P., Li, F., Yuan, Y., and Zhou, S., "Experimental study on mix proportion of fiber reinforced cementitious composites."
[37] Thiel, T., Streaking Microbial Cultures on Agar Plates, Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 1999.
[38] ASTM, "Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar," C1437, ASTM International, 2020.
[39] Li, V. C., Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) – Material, Structural, and Durability Performance: CRC Press, 2008.
[40] ASTM, "Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)," C109, 2020.
[41] JSCE, "Recommendations for Design and Construction of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites with Multiple Fine Cracks (HPFRCC)," Concrete Engineering Series, Japan Society of Civil Engineer, 2008.
[42] JSCE, "Method of Tests for Flexural Strength and Flexural Toughness of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete," JSCE-SF4, Japan Society of Civil Engineering, pp. 58-61, 1984.
[43] ASTM, "Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam With Third-Point Loading)," C1609/C1609M, ASTM International, 2019.
[44] ASTM, "Standard Test Method for Flexural Toughness and First-Crack Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam With Third-Point Loading)," C1018, ASTM International, 1997.
[45] Kabay, N., and Amed, B., Glass Fiber–Reinforced Sprayed Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties, vol. 33, 2021.
[46] AASHTO, "Standard Method of Test for Surface Resistivity Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration," TP 95-14, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 2014.
[47] NIEA, "Method for measuring the hydrogen ion concentration index (pH value) of waste-electrode method," R208.04C, Enviromental Inspection Institute, 2009.
[48] ASTM, "Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic Cement Concretes," C1585, ASTM International, 2013.
[49] NRMCA, "Flexural Strength Concrete," N. R. M. C. Association, ed., 2000.
[50] Beeby, A. W., and Naranayan, R. S., Designers Handbook to Euro-code 2 Part I: Design of Concrete Structures, London, 1995.
[51] Park, S., Seungwook, S., Lee, D. K., and Kim, C. R., “Relationship between Electrical Resistivity and Physical Properties of Rocks,” in Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining, 2016.
[52] Gudimettla, J., and Crawford, G., “Resistivity Tests for Concrete—Recent Field Experience,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 113, 08/01, 2016.
[53] Sutan, N. M., Ideris, N. I. A., Taib, S. N. L., Lee, D. T. C., Hassan, A., Sahari, S. K., Said, K. A. M., and Sobuz, H. R., “Microstructural characterization of catalysis product of nano cement-based materials: A review,” in E3S Web of Conferences,34, 2018, pp. 7.
[54] Anstice, D. J., Page, C. L., and Page, M. M., “The pore solution phase of carbonated cement pastes,” Journal of Cementitious Concrete Research, vol. 35, 2005, pp. 377–383.
[55] Chajec, A., and Sadowski, Ł., “The Effect of Steel and Polypropylene Fibers on the Properties of Horizontally Formed Concrete,” Materials (Basel), vol. 13, no. 24, 2020, pp. 5827.

指導教授

黃偉慶(Wei-Hsing Huang)

審核日期

2021-8-24

推文