具色彩恆定性的嵌入式智慧攝影機開發

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姓名

許善閎(Shan-Hung Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

具色彩恆定性的嵌入式智慧攝影機開發
(Development of Intelligent Embedded Camera with Color Constancy)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-1-26以後開放)

摘要(中)

市面上出現了一般消費等級的光譜感測器，並且開始被應用於偵測物體表面的性質、色彩等等，本論文將此光譜感測器引入色彩恆定控制的應用領域，並期望能為色彩恆定控制研究領域帶來新方法。本論文將建置一個具備色彩恆定控制功能的取像控制開發平台，此平台包含了光譜感測器、補光裝置與攝影鏡頭，平台隱藏嵌入式系統的實作細節，使開發平台使用者能專注於設計控制取像平台的程式核心。本論文也將對平台所引入的各模組透過色彩恆定實驗進行初步的色彩恆定成效評估，實驗將對取像控制開發平台上各模組進行搭配，以觀察不同的色彩觀測與調控方式搭配的成效。最後的實驗結果則表明，若是在環境光亮暗變化明顯的情形下，則使用補光裝置作色彩調整提供的色彩恆定穩定性，將優於對取像紅、綠、藍訊號作訊號放大調整，若是提供的環境光足夠充足，僅對取像紅、綠、藍訊號作訊號放大調整將有較好成效，若要以補光裝置作色彩調整，則補光裝置需要能夠發射出更多不同的波長光，才能保證在整體色彩表現的色彩恆定成效。

摘要(英)

An affordable multi-spectral sensor appears in the market, which has already been used in object surface characteristic detection, color detection and so on. This thesis introduces the low-cost spectral sensor to the the research field of color constancy and expects that the spectral sensor will bring advance to color constancy method. An imaging development platform with color constancy controlling ability will be created in the thesis. The platform is composed of a spectral sensor, a LED fill light, and a camera, the platform will hide the detail of embedded system implementation. Users of the development platform could focus on development of core algorithm controls imaging platform. Several color constancy experiments combining different color measuring and color controlling means are proceeded on the development platform. The experiments evaluate color constancy effectiveness of modules on the platform. The result of color constancy experiments shows that, in the environment brightens and darkens, choosing fill light as color controlling means, the color constancy stability is better than choosing camera RGB signal gain controlling as color controlling means. However, in the environment the light suffices, choosing camera RGB signal gain controlling as color controlling means would have better color constancy results. If using fill light as color controlling means, the fill light should emit more different light with different wavelength, ensuring color constancy effectiveness of overall color.

關鍵字(中)

★ 嵌入式攝影機開發
★ 色彩恆定性

關鍵字(英)

★ embedded camera development
★ color constancy

論文目次

摘要.....................................................I
Abstract................................................II
誌謝...................................................III
目錄....................................................IV
圖目錄.................................................VII
表目錄...................................................X
第一章、緒論............................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機.......................................1
1.2 研究目標.............................................3
1.3 論文架構.............................................3
第二章、色彩恆定背景技術與平台回顧......................4
2.1 色彩相關術語.........................................4
2.2 色彩空間.............................................5
2.2.1 CIE 1931色彩空間...................................6
2.2.2 CIELAB與CIELUV色彩空間.............................8
2.2.3 sRGB色彩空間......................................11
2.3 von Kries係數.......................................12
2.4 色彩恆定控制平台回顧................................13
2.5 嵌入式攝影機取像控制平台............................14
第三章、色彩恆定性嵌入式智慧攝影機系統設計.............17
3.1 取像控制平台開發流程架構............................17
3.1.1 開發階段..........................................18
3.1.2 部署階段..........................................19
3.2 取像控制平台軟硬體階層架構..........................19
3.2.1 取像控制平台採用之硬體模組........................20
3.2.2 取像控制平台採用之軟體函式庫......................24
3.2.3 開發階段取像控制平台軟硬體階層架構................24
3.2.4 部署階段取像控制平台軟硬體階層架構................29
3.3 取像控制平台GRAFCET流程.............................31
3.3.1 部署階段..........................................31
3.3.2 開發階段..........................................33
3.4 取像控制平台中介軟體介面ControlAPI..................37
3.5 取像控制(Imaging)...................................42
第四章、色彩恆定性實驗架構.............................48
4.1 用於色彩恆定實驗之PI控制............................48
4.1.1 PID控制參數.......................................49
4.1.2 Ziegler－Nichols法與Åström－Hägglund法............49
4.1.3 色彩恆定實驗之PI控制..............................50
4.2 色彩恆定實驗評估方法................................53
4.3 色彩恆定性實驗架構..................................55
4.3.1 攝影鏡頭取像與其內部訊號控制之實驗(CAMGAIN實驗)...56
4.3.2 攝影鏡頭取像與LED調光控制之實驗(CAMLED實驗).......57
4.3.3 光譜感測器與LED調光控制之實驗(SPELED實驗).........58
第五章、系統整合驗證與色彩恆定性實驗結果...............61
5.1 嵌入式攝影機開發平台演算法開發環境..................61
5.2 實驗光源環境........................................63
5.3 實驗結果............................................64
5.3.1 色彩恆定實驗標準光源環境之取像....................65
5.3.2 攝影鏡頭設置固定實驗(CAMFIXED實驗)................66
5.3.3 攝影鏡頭內建自動色彩控制實驗(CAMAUTO實驗).........67
5.3.4 攝影鏡頭取像與其內部訊號控制之實驗(CAMGAIN實驗)...68
5.3.5 攝影鏡頭取像與LED調光控制之實驗(CAMLED實驗).......72
5.3.6 光譜感測器與LED調光控制之實驗(SPELED實驗).........75
5.4 實驗結果討論........................................78
5.4.1 色彩恆定實驗評估值綜合比較........................78
5.4.2 實驗討論..........................................82
第六章、結論...........................................85
6.1 結論................................................85
6.2 未來發展............................................86
參考文獻................................................87

參考文獻

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指導教授

陳慶瀚(Ching-Han Chen)

審核日期

2021-1-26

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