含變頻滑動支承及抗拉拔裝置橋梁在水平雙向震波下之振動台實驗

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陳奕翔(Yi-Hsiang Chem) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

含變頻滑動支承及抗拉拔裝置橋梁在水平雙向震波下之振動台實驗

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摘要(中)

多項式摩擦單擺支承（polynomial friction pendulum isolator,PFPI），其曲面為六次方多項式的新式變頻滑動隔震支承，利用回復勁度遞減之軟化段減緩結構加速度反應，亦可藉由回復勁度遞增之硬化段降低結構位移反應。過去研究已證實PFPI應用於等高橋墩與不等高橋墩橋梁中，受近域與遠域震波皆發揮良好的隔震效果。
本研究考慮含PFPI之等高與不等高橋梁受水平雙向地震力作用下之反應。並為確保PFPI不會因地震力過大造成支承位移超出曲盤範圍或使支承上下分離，進而產生落橋或是結構物傾倒，設計一抗拉拔裝置，當地震力太大時，依靠抗拉拔裝置避免支承水平分離，並提供拉力使支承能夠返回曲盤。
本研究採用新隱式非線性有限元素動力分析方法 (New Implicit Nonlinear Dynamic finite element method , NINDFEM) 建立有限元素分析模型，並與振動台實驗有良好的擬合。此外，本研究亦比較比較不同橋梁情況下PFPI之效果與抗拉拔裝置作用的情形，針對比較結果，給予設計上的建議。

摘要(英)

Polynomial friction pendulum isolator (PFPI) , which curve is six power polynomials , is a new kind of variable frequency pendulum isolator. Using the softening section to reduce the acceleration response of the structure , on the other hand , the hardened section reduces the structural displacement response. Research in past has confirmed that when PFPI applied on regular and irregular bridge. Both the near and far seismic waves exert good isolation effects.
This study considers the response of regular and irregular bridge containing PFPI under horizontal seismic waves. And in order to ensure that the PFPI will not cause the support displacement to exceed the boundary of the disk due to the excessive seismic waves or separate the support. Then the bridge will fall or the structure will overturn. Design an uplift restraint device. When the seismic force is too large, the uplift restraint device is used to avoid horizontal separation of the support, and provide tensile force to enable the support to return to the curved plate.
In this study, the New Implicit Nonlinear Dynamic finite element method (NINDFEM) is used to establish the finite element analysis model, and it fits well with the shaking table experiment. In addition, this study also compares the effect of PFPI and the effect of the uplift restraint device under different bridge conditions, and gives design suggestions based on the comparison results.

關鍵字(中)

★ 變頻式隔震支承
★ 抗拉拔裝置
★ 不等高橋墩橋梁
★ 新隱式非線性有限元素動力分析方法
★ 振動台實驗

關鍵字(英)

★ variable frequency pendulum isolator
★ uplift restraint device
★ irregular bridge
★ New Implicit Nonlinear Dynamic finite element method
★ shaking table experiment

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.2.1 近遠域震波特性 3
1.2.2 摩擦單擺支承 3
1.2.3 最佳化參數搜尋 4
1.2.4 新隱式非線性有限元素動力分析方法(New Implicit Nonlinear Dynamic finite element method , IDFEM) 5
1.2.5 抗拉拔裝置 6
1.3 研究內容 7
第二章多項式摩擦單擺支承與抗拉拔裝置的設計 8
2.1 支承力學行為 9
2.2 瞬時隔震頻率 12
2.3 多項式摩擦單擺支曲面函數與特性 13
2.4 PFPI最佳化參數搜尋 16
2.5 抗拉拔裝置 17
第三章隱式非耦合有限元素動力分析方法 24
3.1 隱式非耦合運動方程式 24
3.2 隱式直接積分法 27
3.2.1 Newmark直接積分法 28
3.2.2 Bathe複合積分法 29
3.3 空間構架元素 30
3.4 滑動元素 33
3.4.1 黏滯階段 33
3.4.2 滑動階段 35
3.4.3 分離階段 39
3.4.4 摩擦係數之參數分析 41
3.5 彈簧與支承元素 42
3.5.1 可拉伸開孔彈簧元素 (Hook Spring) 44
第四章橋梁模型振動台實驗 48
4.1 實驗設備與實驗試體 48
4.2 抗拉拔裝置設計 50
4.3 實驗測量儀器及配置 51
4.4 實驗系統識別 51
4.5 輸入震波 52
第五章討論與比較 76
5.1 有限元素模型與實驗模型結果比較 76
5.1.1 案例一、案例二、案例三有限元素模型建立 76
5.1.2 分析與實驗結果比較 78
5.2 案例一與案例二實驗結果比較 79
5.3 案例二與案例三實驗結果比較 80
5.4 拉桿效果比較 80
5.5 在水平雙向震波下之隔震效能 81
5.6 小結 82
第六章討論與比較 216
6.1 結論 216
6.2 建議及未來研究方向 217
參考文獻 218

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指導教授

李姿瑩(Tzu-Ying Li)

審核日期

2022-1-25

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