以訊號分析資料探勘方法探討PM2.5污染傳播時空特徵及相應之天氣條件

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：19

、訪客IP：18.220.116.90

姓名

齊宛儒(WAN-JU CHI) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

以訊號分析資料探勘方法探討PM2.5污染傳播時空特徵及相應之天氣條件
(Investigation of the main PM2.5 sources and spreading patterns and corresponding meteorological conditions by the wavelet analysis approach)

相關論文

★ 結合資料探勘方法建立屏東平原含水層水文地質參數推估模式	★ 探討颱風特性於農損及坡地災害遙測影像辨識之研究
★ 不同時空降雨型態對於地下水補注量之探討—以屏東平原為例	★ 運用訊號分析方法於地下水資源旱災韌性與風險評估
★ 探討都市熱島效應對臺北地區午後雷雨及地下水之影響	★ 水文地質條件不確定性下的地下水時空變化模擬
★ 建立台灣北部交通與氣象因子對於空氣污染影響之機器學習模型	★ 以深度學習方法建立地下水位預警之風險評估模型
★ 以機器學習預測海溫及熱帶氣旋特徵對於珊瑚白化之影響 – 以澎湖南方四島為例	★ 探討臺灣地震活動特徵與環境變數相關性分析
★ 以機器學習方法建立巨觀尺度降雨氣候水資源推估模式

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

由於對人體及環境的危害甚鉅，空氣污染為當今重要的研究議題，尤其是細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)。本研究建立了污染源及傳播特徵萃取流程，以分析台灣中部地區PM2.5複雜的環境系統之物理機制。首先以移動平均結合區域極值建立半自動選取污染事件機制；接著以交叉小波計算延遲時間空間分布(定為傳播情況)，透過主成分分析萃取出六個主要傳播特徵；最後，以各傳播特徵之主導事件探討小尺度氣象因子及大尺度天氣系統對於PM2.5傳播特徵之影響。
結果顯示PM2.5濃度日變動呈現雙峰模式—約於上午6:00~9:00及傍晚17:00~20:00左右開始累積，當污染事件發生時，PM2.5累積量約21.35μg/m3，而濃度平均升高時間(開始累積至峰值所需時間)約在8~9小時。第一至六主成分(PC1~6)對中部地區傳播情形解釋力分別為20.43%、14.36%、10.48%、10.10%、9.66%及8.15%，其中PC1為在東北風影響下，污染物由海岸往內陸傳遞的情況，其日均風速(1.6 m/s)與濃度升高百分率(82%)皆為六特徵之首；而污染狀況最嚴重PC5，處在大環境較弱的天氣條件，亦觀察到南風影響，有較高日PM2.5濃度(55.3μg/m3)及較低日風速(1.2m/s)，而其他傳播特徵主要受夾雜高壓出海及高壓迴流之天氣場影響，而台中火力發電廠(中火)在PC4~6等較為破碎的傳播特徵發生時，台中市區較高機會出現較差的日空氣品質，有較PC1~3高的PM污染。總結而言，本研究提供創新研究流程用以探討環境相關議題，並替污染排放政策提供科學依據。

摘要(英)

Due to its adverse impact on the human body and environment, air pollution has been an important issue of study, particularly for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We propose a novel sources and patterns detection technique to analyze the complex physical mechanisms of PM2.5 in central Taiwan. The procedure started with the auto-selecting events mechanism composed of moving average and local extrema calculations, followed by spreading pattern extraction, which combined the lag-time spatial distribution calculation results (spreading situation namely) from wavelet coherence with principal component analysis to yield the six main spreading patterns. Finally, representative events were analyzed to discuss the influence of meteorological conditions and weather systems on the PM2.5 spreading patterns.
The results showed that the general daily PM2.5 concentration variation displayed a bimodal pattern. Among the high PM2.5 events, the cumulative amount was ~21.35 μg/m3, and the average rise time was ~8–9 h. Principal Component 1 (PC1) shows the pattern from the coast to inland under the influence of the northeast wind with the highest daily average wind speed (1.6 m/s) and concentration increase percentage (82%); the most serious pollution situation happened in PC5, which is under the influence of weak synoptic, with the highest daily PM2.5 concentration (55.3 μg/m3) and minimum wind speed (1.2 m/s). PM2.5 events with other spreading patterns (PC2––6) were more likely under the influence of the continental high-pressure peripheral circulation and high-pressure reflux. In addition, the Taichung Power Plant had a higher chance of worsening the air quality in the Taichung urban area when PC4––6 occurred. Overall, the study provides a novel procedure to study environmental problems and a scientific basis for emission control strategies.

關鍵字(中)

★ PM2.5
★ 污染傳播特徵
★ 小波訊號分析
★ 天氣條件

關鍵字(英)

★ PM2.5
★ pollutant spreading patterns
★ wavelet transform
★ meteorological conditions

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章緒論 1
1.1. 研究背景 1
1.2. 研究動機及目的 2
1.3. 論文架構 3
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1. 國內空氣污染標準及相關健康危害 4
2.2. 天氣條件與空氣污染之關聯 5
2.2.1. 天氣及氣象條件對PM2.5之影響 6
2.2.2. 大氣擴散條件 8
2.3. 台灣地區空氣品質時空特徵 11
2.3.1. 空污季節之空氣品質週期 11
2.3.2. PM2.5濃度日變化 14
2.4. 研究區域空氣污染狀況 16
2.5. 訊號分析於空氣污染之應用 17
第三章研究方法 20
3.1. 研究架構 20
3.2. 資料蒐集及描述 22
3.2.1. 環保署資料(EPA) 24
3.2.2. 氣象局資料(CWB) 27
3.2.3. NCEP再分析資料 32
3.2.4. 資料前處理步驟 34
3.3. 污染源及傳播特徵萃取流程 35
3.3.1. 半自動選取污染事件技術 35
3.3.2. 污染物傳播特徵萃取技術 37
3.4. 天氣因子分析 45
3.4.1. 混合層高度及大氣穩定度 45
3.4.2. 大尺度氣壓場及風場 49
第四章結果與討論 50
4.1. PM2.5污染事件特性分析 50
4.2. 污染傳播特徵與大尺度天氣場探討 51
4.3. 污染傳播特徵與天氣因子探討 55
4.3.1. 混合層高度對空氣品質之影響 57
4.3.2. 大氣穩定度對空氣品質之影響 63
4.4. 污染傳播特徵分析 65
4.5. 污染傳播特徵之潛在污染源探討 69
第五章結論與建議 70
5.1. 結論 70
5.2. 建議 71
參考文獻 72
附錄一 76
評審意見回覆表 90

參考文獻

[1]. Agarwal, S., Sharma, S., Suresh, R., Rahman, M. H., Vranckx, S., Maiheu, B., Blyth, L., Janssen, S., Gargava, P., and Shukla, V., "Air quality forecasting using artificial neural networks with real time dynamic error correction in highly polluted regions", Science of the total environment, 735, 139454, 2020.
[2]. Asif, Z., Chen, Z., and Guo, J., "A study of meteorological effects on PM2. 5 concentration in mining area", Atmospheric Pollution Research, 9(4), 688-696, 2018.
[3]. Bastin, G., Lorent, B., Duque, C., and Gevers, M., "Optimal estimation of the average areal rainfall and optimal selection of rain gauge locations", Water Resources Research, 20(4), 463-470, 1984.
[4]. Behera, S. N., and Sharma, M., "Reconstructing primary and secondary components of PM2. 5 composition for an urban atmosphere", Aerosol Science Technology, 44(11), 983-992, 2010.
[5]. Bilgili, F., Öztürk, İ., Koçak, E., Bulut, Ü., Pamuk, Y., Muğaloğlu, E., and Bağlıtaş, H. H., "The influence of biomass energy consumption on CO 2 emissions: a wavelet coherence approach", Environmental Science Pollution Research, 23(19), 19043-19061, 2016.
[6]. Chang, Y.-S., Chiao, H.-T., Abimannan, S., Huang, Y.-P., Tsai, Y.-T., and Lin, K.-M., "An LSTM-based aggregated model for air pollution forecasting", Atmospheric Pollution Research, 11(8), 1451-1463, 2020.
[7]. Chen, X., Yin, L., Fan, Y., Song, L., Ji, T., Liu, Y., Tian, J., and Zheng, W., "Temporal evolution characteristics of PM2. 5 concentration based on continuous wavelet transform", Science of the total environment, 699, 134244, 2020.
[8]. Cheng, F.-Y., Chin, S.-C., and Liu, T.-H., "The role of boundary layer schemes in meteorological and air quality simulations of the Taiwan area", Atmospheric Environment, 54, 714-727, 2012.
[9]. Cheng, F.-Y., Hsu, Y.-C., Lin, P.-L., and Lin, T.-H., "Investigation of the effects of different land use and land cover patterns on mesoscale meteorological simulations in the Taiwan area", Journal of Applied Meteorology Climatology, 52(3), 570-587, 2013.
[10]. Chirlin, G., and Dagan, G., "Theoretical head variograms for steady flow in statistically homogeneous aquifers", Water Resources Research, 16(6), 1001-1015, 1980.
[11]. Chuang, M.-T., Fu, J. S., Jang, C. J., Chan, C.-C., Ni, P.-C., and Lee, C.-T., "Simulation of long-range transport aerosols from the Asian Continent to Taiwan by a Southward Asian high-pressure system", Science of the total environment, 406(1-2), 168-179, 2008.
[12]. Fowler, D., Cape, J., Leith, I., Choularton, T., Gay, M., and Jones, A., "The influence of altitude on rainfall composition at Great Dun Fell", Atmospheric Environment, 22(7), 1355-1362, 1988.
[13]. Gao, X., and Li, W., "A graph-based LSTM model for PM2. 5 forecasting", Atmospheric Pollution Research, 12(9), 101150, 2021.
[14]. Grinsted, A., Moore, J. C., and Jevrejeva, S., "Application of the cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence to geophysical time series", Nonlinear processes in geophysics, 11(5/6), 561-566, 2004.
[15]. Guang, W., Li, L.-J., and Xiang, R.-B., "PM2.5 and its ionic components at a roadside site in Wuhan, China", Atmospheric Pollution Research, 10(1), 162-167, 2019.
[16]. Holzworth, G. C., "Mixing heights, wind speeds, and potential for urban air pollution throughout the contiguous United States": US Government Printing Office, 1972
[17]. Hsu, C.-H., and Cheng, F.-Y., "Classification of weather patterns to study the influence of meteorological characteristics on PM2. 5 concentrations in Yunlin County, Taiwan", Atmospheric Environment, 144, 397-408, 2016.
[18]. Kassomenos, P., Kotroni, V., and Kallos, G., "Analysis of climatological and air quality observations from greater Athens area", Atmospheric Environment, 29(24), 3671-3688, 1995.
[19]. Kirikkaleli, D., and Sowah, J. K., "A wavelet coherence analysis: nexus between urbanization and environmental sustainability", Environmental Science Pollution Research, 27, 30295-30305, 2020.
[20]. Kuo, C.-Y., Lin, C.-Y., Huang, L.-M., Wang, S., Shieh, P.-F., Lin, Y.-R., and Wang, J.-Y., "Spatial variations of the aerosols in river-dust episodes in central Taiwan", Journal of hazardous materials, 179(1-3), 1022-1030, 2010.
[21]. Lai, H.-C., and Lin, M.-C., "Characteristics of the upstream flow patterns during PM2. 5 pollution events over a complex island topography", Atmospheric Environment, 227, 117418, 2020.
[22]. Lai, L.-W., "Relationship between fine particulate matter events with respect to synoptic weather patterns and the implications for circulatory and respiratory disease in Taipei, Taiwan", International journal of environmental health research, 24(6), 528-545, 2014.
[23]. Li, L., Qian, J., Ou, C.-Q., Zhou, Y.-X., Guo, C., and Guo, Y., "Spatial and temporal analysis of Air Pollution Index and its timescale-dependent relationship with meteorological factors in Guangzhou, China, 2001–2011", Environmental Pollution, 190, 75-81, 2014.
[24]. Li, S., Liu, N., Tang, L., Zhang, F., Liu, J., and Liu, J., "Mutation test and multiple-wavelet coherence of PM2. 5 concentration in Guiyang, China", Air Quality, Atmosphere Health, 14(7), 955-966, 2021.
[25]. Liu, K.-Y., Wang, Z., and Hsiao, L.-F., "A modeling of the sea breeze and its impacts on ozone distribution in northern Taiwan", Environmental Modelling Software, 17(1), 21-27, 2002.
[26]. Maraun, D., and Kurths, J., "Cross wavelet analysis: significance testing and pitfalls", Nonlinear processes in geophysics, 11(4), 505-514, 2004.
[27]. Mussio, P., Gnyp, A., and Henshaw, P., "A fluctuating plume dispersion model for the prediction of odour-impact frequencies from continuous stationary sources", Atmospheric Environment, 35(16), 2955-2962, 2001.
[28]. Song, Y., Qin, S., Qu, J., and Liu, F., "The forecasting research of early warning systems for atmospheric pollutants: A case in Yangtze River Delta region", Atmospheric Environment, 118, 58-69, 2015.
[29]. Tai, A. P., Mickley, L. J., Jacob, D. J., Leibensperger, E., Zhang, L., Fisher, J. A., and Pye, H., "Meteorological modes of variability for fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) air quality in the United States: implications for PM 2.5 sensitivity to climate change", Atmospheric Chemistry Physics, 12(6), 3131-3145, 2012.
[30]. Torrence, C., and Compo, G. P., "A practical guide to wavelet analysis", Bulletin of the American Meteorological society, 79(1), 61-78, 1998.
[31]. Trinh, T. T., Trinh, T. T., Le, T. T., and Tu, B. M., "Temperature inversion and air pollution relationship, and its effects on human health in Hanoi City, Vietnam", Environmental geochemistry health, 41(2), 929-937, 2019.
[32]. Tsai, H.-H., Ti, T.-H., Yuan, C.-S., Hung, C.-H., and Lin, C., "Effects of sea-land breezes on the spatial and temporal distribution of gaseous air pollutants around the coastal region of southern Taiwan", 2021.
[33]. Valavanidis, A., Fiotakis, K., and Vlachogianni, T., "Airborne particulate matter and human health: toxicological assessment and importance of size and composition of particles for oxidative damage and carcinogenic mechanisms", Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C, 26(4), 339-362, 2008.
[34]. Wu, Y.-C., Lin, Y.-C., Yu, H.-L., Chen, J.-H., Chen, T.-F., Sun, Y., Wen, L.-L., Yip, P.-K., Chu, Y.-M., Chen, Y.-C. J. A. s., Dementia: Diagnosis, A., and Monitoring, D., "Association between air pollutants and dementia risk in the elderly", 1(2), 220-228, 2015.
[35]. Wu, Y. C., Lin, Y. C., Yu, H. L., Chen, J. H., Chen, T. F., Sun, Y., Wen, L. L., Yip, P. K., Chu, Y. M., and Chen, Y. C., "Association between air pollutants and dementia risk in the elderly", Alzheimer′s Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment Disease Monitoring, 1(2), 220-228, 2015.
[36]. Zhang, Z., Zhang, X., Gong, D., Quan, W., Zhao, X., Ma, Z., and Kim, S.-J., "Evolution of surface O3 and PM2.5 concentrations and their relationships with meteorological conditions over the last decade in Beijing", Atmospheric Environment, 108, 67-75, 2015.
[37]. Zhao, X., Zhang, X., Xu, X., Xu, J., Meng, W., and Pu, W., "Seasonal and diurnal variations of ambient PM2.5 concentration in urban and rural environments in Beijing", Atmospheric Environment, 43(18), 2893-2900, 2009.
[38]. Zheng, G., Duan, F., Su, H., Ma, Y., Cheng, Y., Zheng, B., Zhang, Q., Huang, T., Kimoto, T., Chang, D. J. A. C., and Physics, "Exploring the severe winter haze in Beijing: the impact of synoptic weather, regional transport and heterogeneous reactions", 15(6), 2969-2983, 2015.
[39]. Zhou, Y., Chang, F.-J., Chang, L.-C., Kao, I.-F., Wang, Y.-S., and Kang, C.-C., "Multi-output support vector machine for regional multi-step-ahead PM2. 5 forecasting", Science of the total environment, 651, 230-240, 2019.
[40]. 邱晉威，「台灣南部地區實測與推估混合層高度之比較分析」，輔英科技大學環境工程與科學系，碩士論文 2016
[41]. 陳世芳，「混合層高度診斷方法之研究」，國立台灣大學環境工程研究所，碩士論文 2004

指導教授

林遠見(Yuan-Chien Lin)

審核日期

2022-1-10

推文