高韌性鐵基金屬玻璃粉末之雷射積層製造與 能量密度研究

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陳敬岳(Chen Chin-Yueh) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

高韌性鐵基金屬玻璃粉末之雷射積層製造與能量密度研究
(Additive manufacturing of Fe-based metallic glass powder with high fracture toughness and energy density analysis)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-8-31以後開放)

摘要(中)

本研究以 Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-Co-Al 七元合金成分之鐵基金屬玻璃作為基
礎，透過高週波真空感應爐熔煉並澆注成合金鑄錠，再以氣噴粉體法(Gas
atomization)製作出鐵基金屬玻璃粉體，本研究粉體來源有二，分別委託工研院材化所以及中佑精密製備。工研院材化所製備粉體共進行 20 爐次，平均產率為 15.3%；中佑精密製備粉體共進行 3 爐次，平均產率為 24%。每一爐次粉體經搖篩機篩分，再以 X 光繞射確認各區間粒徑粉體之非晶態與析出相，結果顯示粒徑在 90 μm 以下皆保有非晶態以及析出相 α-Fe組織，而當粒徑在< 25 μm 時為全非晶結構；利用 EPMA 確認粉體成分與配方相符；利用掃描式電子顯微鏡觀測其粉體外觀形貌為球型且截面為實心構造，後續將以不同能量密度進行積層製造可型性的評估。
為了提高粉體的流動性以利舖粉，委請中佑精密材料股份有限公司以
氣旋篩分(Cyclone)方式去除 25 μm 以下之粉體，並以此粉體和未經氣旋篩分之粉體去做選擇性雷射熔融(SLM)以 60 W-150 mm/s 參數製作試片進行性質分析。分析結果顯示，經氣旋篩分之粉體所製作的試片硬度從 924 Hv提升至 1148 Hv、緻密度從 93% 提升至 97 %。抗腐蝕能力方面，腐蝕電流與腐蝕電壓為 7.40x10-7(A/cm2)和-0.254V 優於未經氣旋篩分之粉體所製作的試片，由此可知氣旋篩分改善粉體粒徑的均一性、提升積層製造時鋪粉的平整度品質，同時提升試片的機械與抗腐蝕性能。將中佑精密製備之粉體依照 5 種不同能量密度去做 SLM，分別測試它們的 X 光繞射、熱性質、緻密度、機械性質及抗腐蝕性質分析。發現隨著能量密度減少，積層試片的非晶度和硬度會有所提升，但同時緻密度也會下降。因此藉由抗腐蝕測試來證明哪個積層試片的性能最好，發現 Sample II(Overlapping 30%)的抗腐蝕能力優於其他 4 種試片，為最好的參數。

摘要(英)

The alloy composition of Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-Co-Al 7 components Fe-based alloy was selected as the master alloy and prepared by vacuum induction melting. Then the alloy ingots were re-melted and fabricated into spherical
alloy powder by gas atomization process. There are two sources of powder in this study, from the Material and Chemical Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI, Hsinchu) and Chung Yo Materials Co.,Ltd.(C.Y.M, Kaohsiung). After size sieving, the Fe-based alloy powder was characterized its amorphous status by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD results revealed that a broaden peak accompanied the weak crystalline peaks of α-Fe occurred at the alloy powders with particle size below 90μm. Meanwhile, the appearance of all these Fe-based alloy powders present a spherical shape and a solid cross-section.In order to improve the fluidity of the powder to facilitate powder spreading, removing the powder below 25 μm by Cyclone screening in C.Y.M and use this powder and another powder which hasn’t been sieved by cyclone
to do additive manufacture by selective laser melting (SLM) with 60W-150mm/s parameters for property analysis. The analysis results showed that the hardness of the specimen made of cyclone screened powder was increased from 924 Hv to 1148 Hv, and the density increased from 7.22 g/cm3 to 7.51 g/cm3.In terms of corrosion resistance, the corrosion current and corrosion voltage are 7.40x10-7
(A/cm2) and -0.254V is better than SLM specimen without cyclone sieveing. It can be seen that the cyclone sieveing
improves the quality of the powder and improves the performance of the SLM specimen.
The powder which prepared by C.Y.M to make SLM specimen of 5 different energy densities, and tested their XRD, thermal properties, density,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. It is found that as the energy
density decreases, the amorphous ratio and hardness of specimen will increase,but at the same time the density will also decrease. Therefore, the corrosion
resistance test is used to prove specimen which has the best performance. It is found that the corrosion resistance of Sample II (Overlapping 30%) is better
than the other four types of SLM specimen, which is the best parameter.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鐵基金屬玻璃
★ 氣噴粉體法
★ 氣旋篩分
★ 積層製造
★ 抗腐蝕
★ 能量密度

關鍵字(英)

★ Fe-based bulk metallic glass
★ gas atomization
★ cyclone
★ additive manufacturing
★ corrosion resistance
★ energy density

論文目次

中文摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X
第一章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究目的與動機 2
第二章理論基礎 7
2-1 金屬玻璃合金之概述 7
2-2 金屬玻璃合金發展 7
2-3 金屬玻璃合金之種類 9
2-3-1 鐵基金屬玻璃合金 9
2-4 金屬玻璃合金設計與製作 10
2-4-1 實驗歸納法則 10
2-4-2 金屬玻璃合金製程 11
2-5 金屬玻璃合金特性 12
2-5-1 熱力學性質 12
2-5-2 特徵溫度 13
2-5-3玻璃形成能力(GFA, Glass forming ability ) 13
2-6 金屬玻璃合金之機械性質 15
2-7 氣噴法粉體製備 15
2-8 積層製造 16
2-8-1 選擇性雷射燒熔 17
2-8-2 能量密度對於選擇性雷射燒熔的影響 18
2-8-3 鐵基金屬玻璃粉體應用於積層製造 18
第三章實驗步驟與方法 26
3-1 實驗目的及流程 26
3-2 工研院氣噴粉體之合金製備 26
3-2-1 合金配製 26
3-2-2 合金熔煉 26
3-2-3 粉體製備(氣噴粉體法) 27
3-2-4 粉體粒徑篩選 27
3-2-5 氣旋篩分(cyclone)-旋風分級 27
3-3 中佑精密氣噴粉體之合金製備 28
3-3-1 合金配製 28
3-3-2 合金熔煉及粉體製備(氣噴粉體法) 28
3-3-3氣旋篩分(cyclone)-旋風分級 28
3-4 鐵基金屬玻璃粉體之性質分析 28
3-4-1 XRD繞射分析 28
3-4-2 成分分析(高解析度場發射電子微探儀(FE-EPMA)) 28
3-4-3 粉體之表面&截面形貌之 SEM 觀察 29
3-4-4 熱性質分析 29
3-5 積層製造 29
3-5-1 面型燒結測試 30
3-5-2 方塊燒結測試 30
3-6 積層製造工件燒結性質分析 30
3-6-1 積層製造工件之能量密度計算 30
3-6-2 積層製造工件之立體顯微鏡分析 31
3-6-3 X光繞射分析(XRD) 31
3-6-4 光學顯微鏡分析(Optical Microscopy) 31
3-6-5 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析(SEM) 31
3-6-6 工件緻密度量測 32
3-6-7 維克式硬度量測 32
3-6-8 破裂韌性量測 33
3-6-9 腐蝕測試(Tafel動態極化法) 33
3-6-10 熱性質分析 33
第四章結果與討論 48
4-1 工研院之鐵基金屬玻璃粉體之性質分析 48
4-1-1 鐵基金屬玻璃粉體製備 48
4-1-2 X光繞射分析(XRD) 48
4-1-3 粉體之外觀&截面形貌之SEM 觀察 49
4-2 中佑精密之鐵基金屬玻璃粉體之性質分析 49
4-2-1 鐵基金屬玻璃粉體製備 49
4-2-2 X光繞射分析(XRD) 49
4-2-3 粉體之外觀&截面形貌之SEM 觀察 50
4-2-4 EPMA 成分分析 50
4-2-5 非恆溫熱性質分析 50
4-3雷射積層製造測試分析 51
4-3-1 SLM試片之熔融參數 51
4-3-2 SLM試片之立體顯微鏡觀察 51
4-4 SLM試片之性質分析-Powder A、Powder B 51
4-4-1 X光繞射分析(XRD) 51
4-4-2 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析(SEM) 52
4-4-3 工件緻密度量測 52
4-4-4 熱性質分析 52
4-4-5 維克式硬度與破裂韌性量測 53
4-4-6 腐蝕性質分析(Tafel動態極化法) 53
4-5 SLM試片之性質分析-Powder C 54
4-5-1 X光繞射分析(XRD) 54
4-5-2 光學顯微鏡分析(Optical Microscopy) 54
4-5-3 工件緻密度量測 55
4-5-4 熱性質分析 55
4-5-5 維克式硬度與破裂韌性量測 56
4-5-6 腐蝕性質分析(Tafel動態極化法) 56
第五章結論 127
第六章參考文獻 128

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指導教授

鄭憲清(Jang Shian-Ching)

審核日期

2021-7-28

推文