利用一鍋式高溫蛋白酶串聯反應將豆渣升級再造為生物永續製造之蛋白質原料

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黃敏軒(Min-Hsuan Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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利用一鍋式高溫蛋白酶串聯反應將豆渣升級再造為生物永續製造之蛋白質原料
(Upcycling soybean pulp for sustainable protein biomanufacturing via a one-pot thermophilic protease cascade)

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★ 利用巨大芽孢桿菌轉化魚廢和蔗渣為Alcalase之綠色循環模組	★ 利用枯草芽孢桿菌轉化魚內臟之亮胺酸為酮異己酸
★ 以酵素法萃煉微藻污泥之長鏈均質聚磷酸鹽

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2025-7-31以後開放)

摘要(中)

胺基酸對於發酵製造蛋白質來說，在微生物培養基中是必不可少的成分，因為對宿主來說從頭合成胺基酸是高度耗能的。豆渣為大豆加工的低價值副產物，但豆渣含有豐富的不可溶性蛋白質，也難以被直接利用；因此，本研究將豆渣作為發酵製造蛋白質的永續胺基酸來源。傳統工業方法通常使用高溫酸性水解來水解蛋白質以獲取胺基酸:然而，其條件嚴苛且過程耗時。為了提高產量和產能，我們開發了一鍋式、兩種蛋白酶串聯的方法，能夠在3小時內完全將豆渣水解為寡肽和胺基酸。在實驗過程中我們觀察到嗜熱內肽酶 (Alcalase)和超嗜熱外肽酶 (TET aminopeptidase)之間的協同作用，使得這兩種蛋白酶串聯在60°C和pH 7.5的條件下能夠達到最佳效果，與傳統方法不同在於可從豆渣中回收大部分的胺基酸，並酵素水解能夠保留色胺酸和天門冬醯胺。並且，培養在豆渣酵素水解物中的E. coli和B. megaterium之綠色螢光蛋白產量與LB培養基中的產量相當。此外，我們還利用豆渣酵素水解物來發酵生產本研究所開發之蛋白酶，也因為Alcalase有著使細胞溶解之活性以至於能夠使用表達蛋白酶之細胞直接在60°C下進行豆渣蛋白水解，避免了昂貴且耗時的蛋白酶純化步驟。綜上所述，本研究提出了一個更新的循環生物經濟模型，將富含蛋白質而低價值的農業廢棄物轉化為永續的生物技術工業原料。

摘要(英)

Amino acids are essential components of culture media for fermentative protein production as de novo amino acid synthesis is highly energy-consuming for the host. Soybean pulp (i.e., okara) is a low-value byproduct from soybean processing; however, okara is rich in insoluble proteins. Therefore, okara could be a sustainable source of amino acids for fermentative protein production. Conventional industrial methods for amino acid harvesting employ high-temperature acidic proteolysis to hydrolyze protein sources. However, these conditions are harsh and the process is time-consuming. To increase throughput and yield, we developed a one-pot, two-protease cascade capable of complete okara proteolysis into oligopeptides and individual amino acids in 3 hours. Interestingly, we observed an unprecedented synergy between the thermophilic endopeptidase (Alcalase) and hyperthermophilic exopeptidase (TET aminopeptidase), which allows the two-protease cascade to function optimally at 60°C and pH 7.5. Unlike the conventional method, the enzymatic process preserves tryptophan and asparagine, resulting in an almost complete recovery of total amino acid equivalent from okara. Furthermore, both E. coli and B. megaterium cultures cultivated in the enzymatic okara hydrolysates demonstrated comparable GFP yields compared to those cultivated in LB medium, respectively. We also used the enzymatic okara hydrolysates for fermentative production of the two proteases used in the enzymatic proteolysis. The cell-lytic activity of Alcalase even allows okara proteolysis directly using protease-expressing B. megaterium whole-cell biocatalyst, bypassing the costly protease purification step. In conclusion, this study represents a renovated circular bioeconomy model that converts abundant and low-value agro-waste into sustainable feedstocks of the biotechnological industry.

關鍵字(中)

★ 循環生物經濟
★ 發酵製造蛋白質
★ 一鍋式酶串聯
★ 嗜熱性蛋白酶
★ 農業廢棄物生物精煉
★ 資源回收

關鍵字(英)

★ Circular bioeconomy
★ Fermentative protein production
★ Thermophilic protease
★ One-pot enzyme cascade
★ Agro-waste biorefinery
★ Resource recovery

論文目次

摘要................................................................................................................................. i
Abstract .......................................................................................................................... ii
誌謝............................................................................................................................... iv
目錄................................................................................................................................ v
圖目錄.......................................................................................................................... vii
表目錄........................................................................................................................... ix
符號說明........................................................................................................................ x
第一章前言............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究背景........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 研究動機與目的............................................................................................ 2
第二章文獻回顧.................................................................................................... 3
2.1 聯合國永續發展目標 (SDGs) ..................................................................... 3
2.2 豆渣................................................................................................................ 3
2.3 蛋白質水解.................................................................................................... 6
2.4 巨大芽孢桿菌................................................................................................ 7
2.5 酵素................................................................................................................ 8
2.5.1 蛋白酶............................................................................................ 8
2.5.2 Alcalase ........................................................................................ 11
2.5.3 TET aminopeptidase .................................................................... 12
2.5.4 酵素動力學.................................................................................. 13
第三章材料與方法.............................................................................................. 16
3.1 實驗架構...................................................................................................... 16
3.2 實驗材料與設備.......................................................................................... 17
3.2.1 實驗藥品...................................................................................... 17
3.2.2 實驗設備...................................................................................... 18
3.2.3 實驗菌種...................................................................................... 19
3.2.4 實驗酵素...................................................................................... 19
3.3 菌種保存及培養.......................................................................................... 20
3.3.1 菌種保存...................................................................................... 20
3.3.2 菌種培養...................................................................................... 20
3.4 分子生物操作.............................................................................................. 20
3.4.1 DNA操作 .................................................................................... 20
vi
3.4.2 分子克隆...................................................................................... 21
3.4.3 Bacillus megaterium YYBM1之轉形作用 ................................ 21
3.4.4 重組Bacillus megaterium YYBM1之菌株篩選 ....................... 22
3.5 異源蛋白表達與純化.................................................................................. 22
3.5.1 目標蛋白表達.............................................................................. 23
3.5.2 目標蛋白純化.............................................................................. 24
3.5.3 蛋白質之定性.............................................................................. 25
3.5.4 蛋白質之定量.............................................................................. 26
3.6 TET aminopeptidase酵素活性測試 ........................................................... 26
3.7 一鍋式雙蛋白酶水解分析.......................................................................... 27
3.7.1 一鍋式水解豆渣蛋白.................................................................. 27
3.7.2 Trp-auxotrophic E. coli JW1254測定豆渣水解物 ..................... 27
3.8 特性分析...................................................................................................... 28
3.8.1 定量總胺基酸.............................................................................. 28
3.8.2 高效液相層析.............................................................................. 29
第四章結果與討論.............................................................................................. 30
4.1 重組質體之轉形.......................................................................................... 30
4.2 異源蛋白表達和表徵.................................................................................. 32
4.3 內肽酶和外肽酶的協同作用...................................................................... 36
4.4 一鍋式雙蛋白酶串聯反應進行豆渣蛋白水解.......................................... 41
4.5 用於永續生物製造蛋白質之豆渣加值循環模組...................................... 47
第五章結論與建議.............................................................................................. 52
5.1 結論.............................................................................................................. 52
5.2 建議.............................................................................................................. 53
參考文獻...................................................................................................................... 54
附錄A .......................................................................................................................... 61
附錄B .......................................................................................................................... 63

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指導教授

王柏翔(Po-Hsiang Wang)

審核日期

2023-7-24

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