應用於具儲能混合交直流微電網之雙向互連轉換器電壓控制策略

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姓名

賴韋融(Wei-Rong Lai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

應用於具儲能混合交直流微電網之雙向互連轉換器電壓控制策略
(A Voltage Control Strategy of Bidirectional Interlink Converter in Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid with Energy Storage System)

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至系統瀏覽論文 ( 永不開放)

摘要(中)

本論文著重於研發雙向互連轉換器(Bidirectional Interlink Converter, BIC)在交流和直流微電網間的電源管理，當雙向互連轉換器開啟交互控制，交流側和直流側依照各自的垂降控制所建立的功率會透過互連轉換器使兩側微電網功率達成平衡，即全域功率共享(Global Power Sharing, GPS)。以下為本論文之貢獻:
(1)本文提出一種電壓型的垂降控制方案用以實現GPS。此控制策略中，BIC需透過與直流側之間的通訊，得到其功率資訊，來更快速且精準的實現GPS功能。同時並考慮當通訊設備發生故障的情況下，會導致系統可靠性降低，因此本文近一步提出無通訊方案用以實現GPS。
(2)由於在微電網直流側使用儲能系統，本文的BIC控制策略考慮儲能裝置，當微電網整體負載壓力較低時如何從GPS模式切換至充電模式，並通過BIC將多餘的再生能源電力儲存至直流側的儲能裝置中，以提升再生能源的利用率。此外，本文的直流側微電網控制也考慮儲能裝置的電池剩餘容量(State of Charge, SoC)，當直流側微電網有多個儲能裝置時，所提控制可使直流側轉換器的輸出實功率能根據SoC進行功率分配。
(3)本文的BIC採用電壓型垂降控制，因此所提出的控制策略能更容易整合微電網分層控制技術中的初級控制和第二級控制。所以，本論文加入虛擬慣量用以改善交流側因控制及負載變動導致的頻率變化率；此外亦加入虛擬阻抗的技術用來改善實虛功解耦合情形及達成虛功分配，第二級控制則是用來恢復系統因垂降控制導致的頻率偏差。
因本文所提出的BIC控制策略使用電壓型垂降控制，此方案能夠在交流側微電網停電時亦可透過BIC持續供電，達成UPS不斷電系統之功能。本研究亦對控制的穩定度進行分析，分析系統參數對穩定度造成的影響，並透過模擬及硬體實作驗證所提方法的可行性。

摘要(英)

This thesis focuses on the development of a Bidirectional Interlink Converter (BIC) for power management between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) microgrids. When the BIC enables interactive control, the power established by the droop control on both the AC and DC sides will be balanced through the interlink converter, achieving Global Power Sharing (GPS). The contributions of this thesis are as follows:
1. This paper proposes a voltage-source-based droop control scheme to achieve GPS. In this control strategy, the BIC communicates with the DC side to obtain power information, enabling faster and more accurate GPS functionality. Additionally, the paper considers the scenario where communication equipment failure occurs, leading to reduced system reliability. Therefore, an alternative communication-less approach is also presented to achieve GPS.
2. As energy storage systems are often used on the DC side of the microgrid, the BIC control strategy in this paper considers how to switch from GPS mode to charging mode when the overall load pressure on the microgrid is low. The surplus renewable energy is then stored in the energy storage devices on the DC side through the BIC, thereby improving the utilization of renewable energy. Moreover, the DC-side microgrid control in this paper also takes into account the State of Charge (SoC) of the energy storage devices. When there are multiple energy storage devices on the DC side, the proposed control allows power allocation of the DC-side converter based on SoC.
3. The BIC in this paper adopts voltage-source-based droop control, making the proposed control strategy more easily integrated into the primary and secondary control of the hierarchical microgrid control structure. Therefore, this thesis incorporates virtual inertia to improve frequency variation caused by control and load changes on the AC side. Additionally, a virtual impedance method is applied to improve the real and reactive power decoupling as well as reactive power sharing. Simultaneously, the secondary control is utilized to restore the system due to frequency deviation caused by droop control.
Because the BIC control strategy proposed in this paper uses voltage-source-based droop control, this approach can provide continuous power supply through the BIC when the AC-side microgrid experiences an outage, achieving Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) functionality. The stability of the proposed control is also analyzed, examining the impact of system parameters on stability, and validating the feasibility of the proposed methods through simulation and hardware implementation.

關鍵字(中)

★ 儲能裝置
★ 垂降控制
★ 雙向互連轉換器
★ 混合交/直流微電網
★ 功率共享

關鍵字(英)

★ Energy Storage System
★ Droop Control
★ Bidirectional Interlink Converter(BIC)
★ Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid
★ Power Sharing

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 XV
第一章緒論 1
1-1研究背景與動機 1
1-2文獻回顧 2
1-3本論文之貢獻 4
1-4論文內容概述 5
第二章基本轉換器介紹 6
2-1交流側微電網介紹 6
2-1-1交流側轉換器種類 6
2-1-2交流側微電網控制介紹 8
2-2直流側微電網介紹 13
2-2-1電流/功率模式垂降控制14
2-2-2電壓模式垂降控制 15
2-3雙向互連轉換器介紹 16
2-3-1 Grid-Supporting 17
2-3-2 Grid-Forming 23
2-4同步機制 28
第三章微電網控制方法 31
3-1微電網分層控制介紹 31
3-2虛擬慣量之控制介紹 34
3-2-1 雙向互連轉換器虛擬慣量之控制 34
3-2-2 交流側虛擬慣量之控制 35
3-3虛擬阻抗之控制介紹 37
3-4頻率及電壓恢復控制 41
第四章所提之系統控制策略及分析 44
4-1所提之直流側微電網控制策略 44
4-2所提雙向互連轉換器控制策略 51
4-3穩定性分析 58
第五章系統架構與模擬分析 63
5-1模擬軟體介紹 63
5-2直流側控制模擬結果 66
5-3雙向互連轉換器之電流控制模擬結果 76
5-3-1 雙向互連轉換器之電流控制 76
5-3-2 所提互連轉換器控制策略 84
第六章硬體電路製作與實驗結果 102
6-1硬體與微控制器介紹 102
6-1-1 硬體設備與電路 102
6-1-2 微控制器介紹 107
6-2直流側控制實作結果 108
6-3雙向互連轉換器控制實作結果 113
第七章結論與未來展望 127
7-1論文內容總結 127
7-2未來研究方向 128
參考文獻 129

參考文獻

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指導教授

廖益弘(Yi-Hung Liao)

審核日期

2023-8-16

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