利用小波轉換及Teager運算子做指紋影像強化

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姓名

董正談(Cheng-Tan Tung) 查詢紙本館藏

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資訊工程學系

論文名稱

利用小波轉換及Teager運算子做指紋影像強化
(Fingerprint image enhancement based on Teager operator in the wavelet domain)

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摘要(中)

在本論文的研究中，我們提出一個以小波轉換及Teager能量運算子 (Teager energy operator) 做指紋影像強化的方法。首先，我們對輸入的灰階指紋影像以指定的平均值及變異數作正規化 (normalization)，以改善影像中指紋凹凸紋路對比不足的問題。其次，我們根據影像中指紋紋路的區域方向性，估算並找出紋路走向圖 (orientation image)，以作為下一步有向濾波 (directional filtering) 的根據。接著我們對影像做小波轉換，利用小波轉換的多重解析度特性，分別針對不同解析度的高頻係數，以小波收縮 (wavelet shrinkage) 去除雜訊，再利用之前求得的紋路走向圖，以有向Teager能量運算子作用於低頻係數以強化影像中指紋凹凸紋路的清晰度。最後，我們再做小波反轉換，以求得經強化過後的指紋影像，做自動指紋辨識 (automated fingerprint identification)。在實驗中，我們使用正確性指數 (goodness index) 及指紋辨識系統來評估本研究所提出方法的效能。根據實驗結果，本研究所提出的指紋影像強化方法，確實可以有效強化指紋影像的品質，並做為後續自動指紋辨識系統之用。

摘要(英)

Biometric recognition refers to the use of distinctive physiological and behavioral characteristics (e.g., fingerprints, face, hand geometry, iris, gait, and signature) called biometric identifiers or simply biometrics. Among these biometric identifiers, fingerprints are the oldest and most widely used form. Most automatic recognition systems are based on minutiae matching, hence, a critical step in such systems is to automatically and reliably extract minutiae from the fingerprint images. However, the performance of a minutiae extraction algorithm heavily relies on the quality of the fingerprint images. In order to ensure well performance of the ridge and minutiae extraction algorithms in poor quality fingerprint images, an enhancement algorithm is necessary to improve the clarity of the ridge structure. In this thesis, we propose a fingerprint enhancement algorithm based on the Teager energy operator in the wavelet domain to improve the clarity of ridge and valley structures of fingerprint images. We have evaluated the performance of the image enhancement algorithm using the goodness index of the extracted minutiae and the accuracy of a fingerprint identification system. Experimental results show that the proposed enhancement algorithm really improves both the goodness index and the verification accuracy.

關鍵字(中)

★ 指紋影像強化
★ Teager能量運算子
★ 小波轉換

關鍵字(英)

★ fingerprint image enhancement
★ Teager energy operator
★ wavelet transform

論文目次

Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Figures v
List of Tables vii
List of Tables vii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 System overview 2
1.2.1 Image normalization 3
1.2.2 Segmentation 3
1.2.3 Orientation image estimation 3
1.2.4 Directional Filtering in the wavelet domain 4
1.3 Thesis organization 4
Chapter 2 Related Works 6
Chapter 3 Fingerprint Characteristics 14
3.1 Fingerprint and biometrics 14
3.1.1 Biometric systems 15
3.1.2 A comparison of various biometrics 16
3.2 Advances in fingerprint technology 20
3.2.1 Fingerprint structures 21
3.2.2 Fingerprint acquisition 26
3.2.2 Fingerprint image representation 26
3.2.3 Fingerprint matching 27
Chapter 4 Mathematical Fundamentals 30
4.1 Wavelet transform 30
4.1.1 Wavelet basis 30
4.1.2 Multiresolution analysis 31
4.1.3 Multiresolution analysis for images 34
4.2 Teager energy operator 36
Chapter 5 Fingerprint Image Enhancement 38
5.1 Normalization 38
5.2 Segmentation 39
5.3 Orientation image estimation 39
5.4 Directional filtering in the wavelet domain 43
Chapter 6 Experiments 48
6.1 Experimental environment 48
6.2 Normalization 48
6.3 Segmentation 51
6.4 Orientation image estimation 53
6.4 Directional filtering in the wavelet domain 57
6.5 Performance evaluation 59
6.5.1 Goodness index 59
6.5.2 Verification performance 60
Chapter 7 Conclusions and Future Works 64
References 65

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指導教授

曾定章(Din-Chang Tseng)

審核日期

2006-7-19

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