具事件同步再現特性之遠程電傳展示伺服器

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姓名

謝俊男(Chun-Nan Hsieh) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

具事件同步再現特性之遠程電傳展示伺服器
(ATelepresentation Proxy Relay with Synchronized Multimedia Replaying)

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摘要(中)

近幾年來，隨著網際網路的快速發展，以及多媒體技術的日益精進，利用IP廣域網路來展現多媒體資料已經變得可行。然而，多媒體資訊太耗費頻寬，面對網路不佳時播放品質也跟著不佳。使用者對於資訊的需求也跟著網路發展，而迫切的需要即時的資訊。
在本文中，我們提出在IP網路上透過即時的RTP/RTCP傳輸協定，進行現場多媒體群播展現的系統，這個系統除了聲音影像資訊之外、也將送端的網頁瀏覽事件同步再現於各個收端，使得送端的情境能與收端分享。另一方面連續型態的串流媒體與分散型態的事件資訊在經過網路傳送之後，必定會發生時序不同步的問題，如何在不使用額外的展示與應用機制下，仍能保持時序關係的同步展現，也是我們討論的重點。此外，我們也針對除了網路延遲之外，可能會發生在實作上的另一個同步問題，也就是取樣時戳的對應偏差，探討其發生的原因，並提出解決之道。
本系統的特性包括：

摘要(英)

The Internet and multimedia technology has improved significantly in the recent years, thus it is workable now to present multimedia information using IP on wide area network. The main problem of multimedia on network is the cost of communication bandwidth however, it consumes too much bandwidth. The quality of network deteriorates rapidly with heavily traffic load, so does the effect of multimedia presentation. On the other hand, users need real-time information urgently now by information high way to adapt global communication. Under such circumstance, the multimedia presentation we found today can hardly work across IP network with real-time characteristic.
In the thesis, we propose a Live Telepresentation System using real-time RTP/RTCP protocol on IP network. Besides using audio and video media in Telepresentation, the system also transports the events of web browsing to end clients replay the browsing activity simultaneously with audio and video presentation. We also discuss the synchronization methodologies that maintain the temporal relations among discrete event data and continuous stream after network transmission. The features of our system are as follows:

關鍵字(中)

★ 群播
★ 多媒體同步
★ 遠程電傳

關鍵字(英)

★ Telepresentation
★ multicast
★ multimedia synchronization
★ RTP/RTCP

論文目次

第一章緒論1
1.1 研究背景1
1.2 研究動機2
1.3 研究目的3
1.4 論文架構4
第二章研究背景與問題探討5
2.1 同步問題5
2.1.1 Intra-stream synchronization7
2.1.2 Inter-stream synchronization 10
2.2 相關研究12
2.2.1 多媒體文件的編輯（authoring）環境12
2.2.1.1 Constraint-Based 13
2.2.1.2 Operational Environment 14
2.2.2 Telepresentation同步展現環境16
2.2.2.1 SMIL整合語言16
2.2.2.2 Synchronized multimedia for the WWW17
第三章系統設計與架構19
3.1 系統設計目標19
3.2 系統設計考量20
3.2.1 Media Types：Live Media vs. Stored Media20
3.2.2 Auxiliary Media：Single Execution vs. Multiple Execution21
3.2.3 Inter-Media Transport Approach：Single-Stream vs. Multi-Stream23
3.2.4 Multimedia Communication Standardization Activities：Multimedia Multiplexing vs. Multimedia Transmission over the Internet24
3.2.5 Levels of Synchronized Media Streams：Tightly-Coupled Media Streams vs. Loosely-Coupled Media Streams25
3.3 系統特點27
3.4 系統架構設計28
3.4.1 網路架構28
3.4.1.1 Original Live Server29
3.4.1.2 Proxy-Relay30
3.4.1.3 End Client31
3.4.2 功能架構32
3.4.2.1 現場影音錄製模組（Live A/V Capture Module）32
3.4.2.2 事件同步再現模組（Event Replaying Module）35
3.4.2.3 網路傳輸模組（Transport Module）36
3.4.2.3.1 RTP36
3.4.2.3.2 RTCP38
3.4.2.4 多媒體串流同步模組（Multimedia Stream Synchronization Module）40
第四章系統實作42
4.1 系統配備與實作環境42
4.2 系統實作狀況42
4.2.1 現場影音錄製42
4.2.2 同步再現事件抓取43
4.2.3 網路傳輸設計49
4.2.4 多媒體串流同步51
4.2.4.1 同步關係51
4.2.4.2 時序問題52
4.2.4.3 以RTCP為基準的同步控制53
第五章系統實驗與未來工作56
5.1 實驗過程56
5.2 實驗結果分析57
5.3 未來工作59
第六章結論61
參考文獻62

參考文獻

[1] Tim Berners-Lee, “World Wide Web”, W3 Consortium.
[2] ISO/IEC 14496-1：1999, Information technology — Very-low bitrate audio-visual coding — Part I: Systems.
[3] D. James Gemmell and C. Gordon Bell, “Noncollaborative Telepresentations Come of Age”, Communication of ACM, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 79-89, April 1997.
[4] Y. Ishibashi and S. Tasaka and E. Minami, “Performance measurement of a stored media synchronization mechanism: quick recovery scheme”, in Conf. Rec. GLOBECOM’95, pp. 811-817, Nov. 1995.
[5] Wanjiun Liao and Victor O. K. Li, “Synchronization of distributed multimedia systems with user interactions”, ACM Press Multimedia System, Vol. 6, pp. 196-205, May 1998.
[6] R. Steinmetz, “Human perception of jitter and media synchronization”, IEEE Journal on selected Areas in Communication, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp.61-72, Jan. 1996.
[7] HTTP/1.1：R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk and T. Berners-Lee, “ Hypertext Transfer Protocol — HTTP/1.1”, RFC2068, Internet Engineering Task Force, January 1997.
[8] Jourdan, M. Layaida, N. and Sabry-Ismail, L. “Madeus: an Authoring Environment for Interactive Multimedia Documents”, Multimedia Computing and Systems '97. Proceedings, IEEE International Conference, pp. 644—645, 1997.
[9] Allen J. F., “Maintaining Knowledge about Temporal Intervals”, CACM, Vol. 26, No. 11, pp. 832-843, Nov. 1983.
[10] Synchronized Multimedia Integrated Language (SMIL) 1.0 Specification, http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-smil-19980615
[1] RTSP：H.Schulzrinne, A. Rao, R. Lanpjier. “Real Time Streaming Protocol （RTSP）”, RFC 1326, April 1998.
[12] Franck Rousseau and Andrzej Duda, “synchronized multimedia for WWW”, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, Vol. 30, pp. 417-429, 1998.
[13] Shuji Tasaka and Yutaka Ishibashi, “Single-Stream versus Multi-Stream for Live Media Synchronization”, IEEE ICC 98. Conference Record, Vol. 1, pp. 470-476, 1998.
[14] ISO/IEC 11172-1: “Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1.5 Mbps, Part I: Systems”, International Standard, 1993.
[15] ISP/IEC 13818-1: “Information technology — Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems”, International Standard, Nov. 1994.
[16] ITU-T Recommendation H.223: “Multiplexing protocol for low bit rate multimedia communication”, March 1996.
[17] V. Jacobson and S. McGanne, “Visual Audio Tool”, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Software on-line.
[18] S. McGanne and V. Jacobson, “vic: A flexible framework for packet video”, in Proc. ACM Multimedia’95, pp. 511-522, Nov. 1995.
[19] Chung-Ming Huang, Chian Wang and Cheng-Yi Kuo, “A Master-Medium-based Interactive Synchronization Control Scheme for Distributed Multimedia Systems”, Proceedings of Euromicro98- Euromicro Workshop on Multimedia and Telecommunications, pp. 506-513, 1998.
[20] 翁志達, “支援非同步加入及事件驅動錄製功能之網路教學系統”, 國立中央大學資訊工程研究所碩士論文, June 1998.
[21] RFC1889: RTP：A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. Audio-video Transport Working Group, H. Schulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick and V. Jacobson, January 1996.
[22] Scott Roberts, “Keeping an Eye on Your Browser by Monitoring Internet Explorer” 4.0 Events”, Microsoft Systems Journal, Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 69-82, June 1998.

指導教授

曾黎明(Li-Ming Tseng)

審核日期

2000-7-8

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