博碩士論文 87342003 詳細資訊




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姓名 梁能(Neng Liang)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 基樁軸向承載之依時行為
(Time-dependent Behavior of Axially Loaded Pile)
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摘要(中) 為瞭解軸向承載基樁於長期載重作用下之行為,本研究以室內模型試驗及粘彈理論之數值分析程式,探討土體的潛變行為對基樁於長期承載下之樁身與樁底承載力分配、荷載傳遞行為、以及樁體沉陷反應之影響。
室內試驗以直剪儀對台北盆地粉質黏土及石門粉土進行樁–土界面之長期受剪潛變試驗,試驗結果顯示樁–土界面之剪動位移率將隨所受剪應力準位的增加而上升。隨著荷載作用時間的增加,剪動位移率與時間之關係於雙對數座標中呈近似線性遞減的趨勢,此遞減斜率與樁–土界面所受之覆土應力、應力準位大小無關。在相同應力準位情況下,不同性質土體之剪動位移率不同,但其位移率於雙對數座標中之遞減斜率相似。室內模型試驗及現地樁載重試驗結果均發現,在樁頂定荷載持續作用的情況下,樁頂位移有潛變現象,樁體確有將載重自淺層向深層傳遞的現象,使得樁體底部之承載呈現隨時間增加的趨勢。模型基樁試驗結果更顯示上部樁土界面摩擦力會隨時間減小,下部樁土界面之摩擦力會隨時間增加,使得摩擦力沿著樁身的分佈趨於均勻一致。
而在數值分析部份,本研究以黏彈理論中之對應原理(correspondence principle),透過黏彈塑性之t-z曲線,建立一套較簡化之軸向荷載基樁依時反應分析模式,可適用於多層土壤以及土體強度隨深度增加的情況。經與有限元素程式及模型試驗結果比對,此一簡化分析模式確能合理呈現軸向承載基樁於定荷載持續作用下之依時反應。
摘要(英) With a series of model tests and numerical analysis, pile behavior under sustained axial load are investigated to comprehend with the affections of soil creep on pile load distribution, load transfer and settlement.
From the interface direct-shear test, it is revealed that the displacement rate is proportional to the stress level of the spacemen. As loading time elapsed, the logarithm of displacement rate decreases linearly with the logarithm of time. The slope of this relationship is essentially independent of the normal stress and stress level. Under identical stress level, different soil presents different displacement rate, but the relationships between the logarithm displacement rate and the logarithm of time are similar. From both in-situ and model pile tests, the incremental head settlement and tip load under sustained axial load are discovered, which shows that loading is transferred gradually from shallow to deeper layers. Furthermore, it is revealed from the model pile tests that skin friction decreases in the upper part and increases in the lower part of pile which forming a more uniform distribution of skin friction.
With correspondence principle, a simplified time-dependent pile behavior analysis program is established utilizing viscoelastic–perfect plastic t–z curve. The situations of multiple layers and soil strength increasing with depth are taken into account in this program. Comparing with FEM program and pile test results, this program can rationally simulate the pile behavior under sustained axial load.
關鍵字(中) ★ 對應原理
★ t-z曲線
★ 潛變
★ 樁基礎
★ 模型試驗
★ 直剪試驗
關鍵字(英) ★ correspondence principle
★ t-z curve
★ creep
★ pile foundation
★ direct shear test
★ model test
論文目次 中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 XII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究方法與流程 2
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 土壤潛變 5
2.1.1 土壤潛變與基樁承載行為 6
2.1.2 流變模型 13
2.1.3 潛變評估經驗公式 18
2.2 受載基樁之潛變行為 22
2.2.1 基樁三軸模型試驗 22
2.2.2 黏彈理論應用 26
第三章 樁–土界面潛變行為 33
3.1 試驗規劃與設計 33
3.2 試驗土樣與儀器設備 35
3.2.1試驗土樣之基本性質 35
3.2.2試驗儀器設備 36
3.3 試驗方法 43
3.3.1重模試體製作 43
3.3.2直接剪力試驗 43
3.4 試驗結果分析討論 45
3.4.1位移控制試驗 45
3.4.2荷載控制試驗 48
第四章 單樁依時承載模式 61
4.1 依時承載分析模式 61
4.1.1 選擇黏彈t-z曲線之考量 63
4.1.2承載模式之建立 65
4.2 分析模式之程式化 71
4.3算例比對 72
4.3.1 彈性算例比對 72
4.3.2 潛變算例比對 72
4.4 現地案例分析 82
4.4.1 案例概述 82
4.4.2 分析比對 83
4.5 參數影響研究 88
4.5.1 黏彈參數之物理義意 88
4.5.2 參數影響評估 88
第五章 模型試驗單樁長期承載行為 93
5.1 試驗規劃與設計 93
5.2 試驗土樣與儀器設備 93
5.2.1 試驗土樣 94
5.2.2 儀器設備 94
5.3 試驗方法 109
5.3.1 試體製備 109
5.3.2 模型基樁載重試驗 110
5.4 試驗結果分析討論 112
5.4.1 前導極限靜載重試驗 112
5.4.2 模型基樁長期載重試驗 113
5.5 數值模擬比較 129
第六章 結論與建議 137
6.1 結論 137
6.2 建議 138
參考文獻 141
附錄A 147
附錄B 149
附錄C 155
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指導教授 張惠文、黃俊鴻
(Huei-Wen Chang、Jin-Hung Hwang)
審核日期 2003-7-9
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