組織慣性、資源存量與專案特性評估對技術取得方式影響之研究

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康嘉豪(Jian-Hau Kang ) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

組織慣性、資源存量與專案特性評估對技術取得方式影響之研究

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摘要(中)

近來許多學者發現外部技術取得方式所能帶來的績效會比自行研發來得
低，甚至為負，但實際上向外取得技術的情形在產業內卻十分普遍。本研究由資
源基礎觀出發，希望能夠針對組織及專案兩大脈絡進行探討，為公司向外取得技
術之行為尋找一合理之解釋。
本研究利用產品創新積極度與製程創新積極度兩構面將台灣製造業的公司
分為「仿禦模仿者」、「製程發展者」、「著重創新者」與「優勢競爭者」等四種技
術策略類型，將核心資源分為研發資源、製程資源、財務融通資源、行銷資源等
四種，並檢視不同技術策略類型的公司所擁有的各種存量及三種技術取得方式
（自行研發、技術授權、合作開發）之頻率是否具有差異，並進行此三者之共變
異分析，結果發現，公司所擁有的研發資源不足是造成其傾向合作開發的主因，
而較多的研發資源與行銷資源存量則是造成公司傾向自行研發的主因，而技術授
權之歷史頻率則不因各種資源存量的不同而有所不同。
但上述的關係又會因為專案特性的不同而有所不同，本研究發現專案技術取
得方式會受到資源存量、組織慣性，及專案特性（對風險的評估、對競爭優勢的
評估，及獨自發展成本）三方面分別影響，其影響效果並會因為不同的技術策略
類型而有所不同。
最後，本研究彙總各構念關係之驗證結果，對台灣製造業之技術取得行為做
較為宏觀之描述，並針對不同技術策略類型之公司及未來研究提出實務上及學術
上的建議。

論文目次

目錄
第一章緒論.........................................................................................I
第一節研究背景與動機...........................................................................................1
第二節研究問題、目的...........................................................................................4
第三節研究範圍...................................................................................................... 5
第四節研究流程...................................................................................................... 6
第二章文獻探討................................................................................7
第一節技術策略...................................................................................................... 7
一、技術策略定義.............................................................................................7
二、技術策略分類構面及其類型..................................................................... 8
第二節核心資源.................................................................................................... 16
一、核心資源定義及概念發展....................................................................... 16
二、核心資源的分類....................................................................................... 18
第三節技術取得方式............................................................................................. 21
一、技術取得方式之種類............................................................................... 21
二、技術取得方式之影響因素....................................................................... 22
三、影響技術取得與其方式之途徑──理性決策過程............................... 33
第四節個案研究.................................................................................................... 36
第三章研究設計..............................................................................38
第一節觀念架構.................................................................................................... 38
第二節變數定義與衡量......................................................................................... 39
一、技術策略及其類型................................................................................... 39
二、資源存量................................................................................................... 41
三、技術取得方式卅技術來源....................................................................... 42
四、對專案技術特性的評估........................................................................... 42
第三節研究假設.................................................................................................... 44
一、技術競爭策略與組織技術取得方式之關係........................................... 44
二、技術策略類型之資源存量之關係........................................................... 45
三、資源存量與組織技術取得方式之關係................................................... 46
四、資源之中介角色....................................................................................... 47
五、組織技術取得方式與專案技術取得方式之關係................................... 47
六、專案特性評估技術取得方式之關係....................................................... 48
第四節研究對象與問卷回收................................................................................. 50
第五節資料分析方法............................................................................................. 51
第六節信度效度分析............................................................................................. 53
第四章研究結果與分析.................................................................54
第一節樣本基本資料分析..................................................................................... 54
第二節技術策略類型與技術取得方式之關係....................................................... 56
一、技術策略因素分析................................................................................... 56
二、技術策略類型集群分析........................................................................... 57
三、技術策略類型與專案績效滿意度分析................................................... 58
四、技術策略類型對技術取得方式之ANOVA 分析................................... 58
五、特定取得方式之不同技術策略類型間比較........................................... 59
六、特定技術策略類型之不同方式間比較................................................... 61
七、本節小結................................................................................................... 61
第三節資源之中介角色......................................................................................... 64
一、核心資源因素分析................................................................................... 64
二、各技術策略類型對資源因素ANOVA 分析........................................... 65
三、資源存量與技術取得方式之關係........................................................... 68
四、資源存量中介關係ANCOVA 分析........................................................ 68
五、本節小結................................................................................................... 69
第四節慣性效果.................................................................................................... 72
本節小結........................................................................................................... 73
第五節資源與技術取得慣性之關係...................................................................... 74
一、資源存量對專案技術取得方式之關係................................................... 74
二、自行研發歷史與合作開發歷史之中介角色........................................... 75
三、本節小結................................................................................................... 75
第六節專案特性對專案技術取得方式之影響....................................................... 77
一、以所有樣本進行分析............................................................................... 77
二、各技術策略類型之專案技術取得方式影響因素................................... 78
三、本節小結................................................................................................... 82
第七節本章小結.................................................................................................... 85
第五章結論與建議.........................................................................86
第一節研究結論...................................................................................................... 1
一、技術策略類型、資源存量與組織技術取得方式之關係.........................1
二、專案技術取得方式之影響因素................................................................. 2
第二節研究建議...................................................................................................... 5
一、給防禦模仿者的建議.................................................................................5
二、給製程發展者的建議.................................................................................5
三、給著重創新者的建議.................................................................................5
四、給優勢競爭者的建議.................................................................................6
五、給政府的建議.............................................................................................6
第三節研究限制...................................................................................................... 7
第四節後續研究建議............................................................................................... 8
參考文獻................................................................................................9
附錄一個案訪談資料..................................................................... 15
個案一A公司........................................................................................................ 15
個案二B公司........................................................................................................ 17
個案三C 科技公司................................................................................................. 19
個案四D公司........................................................................................................ 21
附錄二研究問卷............................................................................109

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指導教授

林明杰(Ming-ji Lin)

審核日期

2001-7-10

推文