低對流層氣膠之光達量測

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姓名

梁文安(Wen-An Liang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

物理學系

論文名稱

低對流層氣膠之光達量測
(Measurements of lower troposphere aerosol with depolarization lidar)

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摘要(中)

本論文利用光達(Lidar – Light Detection and Ranging)的技術，測量2002年8月到2003年1月間，10公里以下背景氣膠的背向散射比(Backscattering Ratio)、光學厚度與雲的分佈。10公里以下的氣膠背向散射比，在6 到8.5公里之間幾乎是定值，值約1.05；而10公里以下雲的分佈，主要分佈在3~4公里與8~9公里之間。另外，我們分析了1999年11月到2001年4月間所量測之5到10公里背景氣膠的消偏振率(Depolarization Ratio)，其中春季為0.033，夏季為0.027，秋季為0.019，冬季為0.023。最後本論文介紹了以訊號分類的方式，討論本實驗室參與環保署2002年、2003年春季沙塵暴量測計畫的觀測結果。

摘要(英)

In this thesis, we showed the aerosol backscattering ratio, optical depth and the cloud distributions of the atmosphere below 10 km between August 2002 and January 2003 measured by NCU lidar system at ChungLi. The backscattering ratios of aerosol between 6 and 8.5 km were almost a constant about 1.05. The clouds lowered than 10 km were mainly distributed over 3 to 4 km and 8 to 9 km. The measurements of aerosol depolarization ratio between 5 and 10 km covering the period from November 1999 to April 2001 were analyzed and compared with humidity profiles obtained by CWB radiosonde datum. The average depolarization ratio at spring, summer, fall, and winter were 0.033, 0.027, 0.019, and 0.023 respectively. The results of the lidar measurements during the 2002 and 2003 Asia dust events were also presented.

關鍵字(中)

★ 氣膠
★ 沙塵暴
★ 光達

關鍵字(英)

★ dust
★ aerosol
★ lidar

論文目次

目錄
第1章緒論………………………………………………1
1.1 大氣中的氣膠………………………………………1
1.1.1氣膠種類與化學組成…………………………… 1
1.1.2氣膠的各種分佈………………………………… 2
1.1.3氣膠的影響……………………………………… 5
1.2 沙塵暴概述…………………………………………7
1.2.1沙塵暴形成之條件與背景……………………… 8
1.2.2沙塵暴之分佈與傳送…………………………… 8
1.2.3沙塵暴的影響…………………………………… 10
1.3 研究主題……………………………………………11
第2章光達原理與實驗設備……………………………12
2.1 光達方程式…………………………………………12
2.2 消偏振率之定義……………………………………15
2.3 光學厚度……………………………………………17
2.4 誤差分析……………………………………………18
2.4.1 訊號的噪音造成的誤差…………………………18
2.4.2 空氣背向散射系數造成的誤差…………………18
2.4.3 起始值造成的誤差………………………………19
2.4.4 Lidar Ratio所造成的誤差…………………19
2.4.5 其他誤差…………………………………………20
2.5 中央光達的系統設備………………………………21
第3章低對流層氣膠的量測……………………………24
3.1背景氣膠的量測…………………………………… 24
3.1.1氣膠背向散射比………………………………… 25
3.1.2消偏振率………………………………………… 28
3.1.3氣膠光學厚度…………………………………… 30
3.1.4濕氣的影響……………………………………… 33
3.1.5討論……………………………………………… 39
3.2 沙塵暴期間之觀測…………………………………41
3.2.1討論……………………………………………… 43
3.2.2結論……………………………………………… 52
第4章總結與未來展望…………………………………53
附錄：探空資料的相對濕度年平均……………………55
參考文獻…………………………………………………56

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指導教授

倪簡白(J.B. Nee)

審核日期

2003-7-3

推文