高速旋轉填充床於分離共沸混合物之研究

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姓名

林幸如(Hsiang-Ju Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

高速旋轉填充床於分離共沸混合物之研究
(Distillation Studies in a High-Gravity Contactor)

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摘要(中)

本研究主要目的是在於突破傳統蒸餾方式，利用旋轉填充床產生的高重力場來達到分離共沸物效果。
本論文以乙醇-水作為共沸系統，利用超重力設備來進行蒸餾實驗，由實驗結果可看出即使未加入鹽類，超重力設備仍有一定的分離效果，可以增加汽相產物中較輕成分的濃度，這樣的現象足以證明旋轉填充床的厚度相當於蒸餾塔的數個蒸餾板數，同時，我們亦可從實驗中找出系統之最適化條件，再者，本實驗的重點研究，即是將加鹽效應運用在旋轉填充床中，我們發現其具有和蒸餾塔相同的效果，在所加入的醋酸鉀達飽和時，可破壞乙醇-水系統的共沸點，莫耳組成由87.15﹪提升至92.37﹪，而整個實驗過程中，所耗用掉的能源及設備成本都較傳統蒸餾塔來的低，這代表著超重力設備具有取代傳統填充塔的優勢，不僅可以改善傳統蒸餾塔在分離共沸物時，所需大量耗費能源的缺點，更可以大幅縮減設備體積。

摘要(英)

In conventional process, an azeotropic mixture was separated by extractive distillation, azeotropic distillation, or by alternating the pressures of two consecutive distillation columns. The disadvantage of the above processes is of extensive energy consumption. The goal of this study is on the feasible application of a rotating packed bed, named as Higee (high gravity) to separate an azeotropic mixture.
A Higee apparatus was set up in our laboratory for experimental purpose. The ethanol-water azeotrope was the mixture being studied. The experimental results showed that a Higee is similar to a distillation column so that the composition of the light component in vapor phase can be increased and affected by the rotor speed. Different rotor speed, feed composition, vapor and liquid flow rate into apparatus were tried in experiments to observe the effect on the outlet compositions of vapor and liquid.
Finally, cupric chloride and potassium acetate was added to the liquid phase and observed that these two salts will affect the azeotropic composition of ethanol and water mixture. Furthermore, it was observed that the azeotropic point could be removed if saturated potassium acetate was added. This indicates that the application of Higee to separate ethanol-water azeotrope is feasible.

關鍵字(中)

★ 共沸物
★ 加鹽蒸餾
★ 高速旋轉填充床
★ 乙醇-水混合物

關鍵字(英)

★ high-gravity

論文目次

中文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅴ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅵ
符號說明………………………………………………………………Ⅶ
第一章緒論…………………………………………………………...1
1- 1 簡介.……………………………………………………………..1
1- 2 研究目的與大綱…………………………………………..…….1
第二章高重力場之發展現況..……………………………………….2
2- 1 高重力場系統簡介….….……………………………………….2
2- 2 高重力場之應用…………………………..…………………….4
2- 2- 1 吸收……………………..…………………………………4
2- 2- 2 氣提………………………………………………………..4
2- 2- 3 納米材料之製備…………………………………………..5
2- 2- 4 蒸餾………………………………………………………..6
第三章高重力場於蒸餾之應用………………………………………8
3- 1 共沸物的性質…………………………………………………..8
3- 2 傳統蒸餾與共沸混合物………………………………………..8
3- 3 鹽類對共沸混合物之影響…………………………....………..10
3- 4 超重力傳統蒸餾與共沸混合物………………………………..12
第四章實驗方法………………………………………………………13
4- 1 實驗儀器………………………………………………………...13
4- 2 實驗藥品………………………………………………………...13
4- 3 分析條件…………………………………………………….…..14
4- 4 實驗步驟………………………………………………………...14
4- 4- 1 檢量線配製………………………………………………...14
4- 4- 2 準備與測試工作…………………………………………...14
4- 4- 3 正式實驗……………………………………………...……15
第五章實驗結果與討論………………………………………………16
第六章結論……………………………………………………………17
附圖………………………………………….………………………….19
附表……………………………………………………………………..24
參考文獻……………………………………………….……………….27

參考文獻

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指導教授

李亮三(Liang-Sun Lee)

審核日期

2002-7-7

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