探討氧化還原電位作為Clostridium butyricum連續產氫之研究

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王明滄(Ming-Tsang Wang) 查詢紙本館藏

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化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

探討氧化還原電位作為Clostridium butyricum連續產氫之研究
(Effect of ORP on hydrogen production by clostridium butyricum ia bubble column bioreactor)

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摘要(中)

摘要
氫氣是替代石化燃料的最好選擇。由於石化燃主要來自石油本身，而其蘊藏量不斷地在減少中，並且使用石油後所造成的環保問題與防治成本也不斷地在惡化與增加中。相對地，氫氣燃燒後的產物是水，不會造成環境的負荷，可謂是最乾淨的燃料。因此，氫氣被科學家認為是取代石油世紀的主要能源。氫氣的使用，目前尚未普及化的主要瓶頸是缺乏重要相關科技之研發，如生產技術、儲存、運輸與應用科技。過去二十多年的研發，已開啟許多不同方式來生產氫氣。科學家在文獻中也強調生物法生產氫氣較物理法和化學法為優。
氧化還原電位 ( Oxidation Reduction Potential，ORP )可以用來量測水溶液中碳、氮、硫、磷以及金屬類之間的氧化還原狀態，所以從1983年迄今，一直被用來作為監測水質狀況以及生物反應趨向的指標，廣泛地應用於廢水處理的監測。
一般而言，進行連續式饋料反應均是以碳源的使用情形來判斷是否進料，本實驗則是利用ORP在產氫反應開始時會下降至低點的特性，進行進料的動作。而根據實驗亦證實此法確實可行。
本實驗分別兩大部分討論。第一部分是進行控制不同pH的厭氧醱酵產氫；二是以最佳產氫pH為操控值，並利用ORP作為進料指標來進行連續式饋料產氫。實驗結果顯示，在控制pH=4.5時的批次厭氧產氫有最大產氫量達4630 ml。而依pH值控制的高低不同，產氫時ORP值之最低點及產氫速度會有所不同，pH值6.5、5.5、5.0及4.5的產氫速度依次為：4.98、7.02、11.31及11.38 ml / min。而進行連續饋料產氫方面，利用ORP降至低點時進料共進料五次，得到約19000ml氫氣。在前三次進料時產氫速度均維持在11.37 ml/min，到第四、第五次才依序減為6.42 ml/min及3.90ml/min。

摘要(英)

Hydrogen is considered to be one of the best alternative fuels to petroleum. Most of pollutants of our environment are resulted from widely using petroleum as fuels. Hydrogen is also the cleanest energy because its product is water after burning with oxygen. It is believed that hydrogen will replace the petroleum as the major fuel in the next era.

關鍵字(中)

★ 氧化還原電位
★ 氫氣

關鍵字(英)

★ oxidation reduction potential
★ hydrogen

論文目次

目錄
摘要……………………………………………………………. Ⅰ
目錄……………………………………………………………. Ⅲ
圖索引…………………………………………………………..Ⅴ
表索引………………………………………………………….Ⅶ
第一章緖論……………………………………………………1
1-1 研究動機…………………………………………………1
1-2 研究目的…………………………………………………2
第二章文獻回顧………………………………………………3
2-1 前言………………………………………………………3
2-2 燃料電池簡介……………………………………………5
2-3 微生物產氫簡介………….………………………………7
2-4 Clostridium…………………………………………………9
2-5 厭氧微生物產氫機制……………………………………12
2-6 環境因子對菌種產氫的影響……………………………18
2-7 氧化還原電位……………………………………………22
第三章材料與方法……………………………………………26
3-1 實驗材料…………………………………….……………26
3-1-1 微生物……………………………………………………26
3-1-2 培養基組成………………………………………………26
3-1-3 實驗藥品…………………………………………………26
3-1-4 實驗儀器與設備…………………………………………27
3-2 實驗方法…………………………………………….……29
3-2-1 菌種保存…………………………………………………30
3-2-2 接種菌體培養……………………………………………30
3-2-3 厭氧微生物反應器………………………………………30
3-2-4 生長曲線的測定…………………………………………32
3-2-5 氣體分析…………………………………………………32
3-2-6 葡萄糖的分析……………………………………………33
3-2-7 代謝酸的分析……………………………………………34
3-3 有機酸對C. butyricum產氫的影響…………………….35
3-4 pH值對C. butyricum產氫的影響………………………35
3-5 連續式饋料產氫……………………..…………………...35
第四章結果與討論……………………………………………..36
4-1 有機酸對C.butyricum產氫之影響………………………36
4-2 無pH控制之批次厭氧醱酵……………………………...37
4-3 控制pH值之批次厭氧醱酵……………………………...38
4-3-1 pH值對菌體生長的影響………………………………..41
4-3-2 ORP與產氫之關係………………………………….…..42
4-3-3 代謝酸與產氫的影響……………………………….…...45
4-3 連續式饋料厭氧產氫醱酵…………………………..……47
第五章結論…………………………………………..………...49
參考文獻………………………………………………..………...51

參考文獻

參考文獻
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指導教授

徐敬衡(Chin-Hang Shu)

審核日期

2002-7-17

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