路基土壤反覆載重下之回彈與塑性行為及模式建構

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楊樹榮(Shu-Jung Yang) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

路基土壤反覆載重下之回彈與塑性行為及模式建構
(The resilient and plastic behavior of subgrade soils under repeated loading and its model development.)

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摘要(中)

摘要
路基土壤受過大應力反覆加載作用下，塑性變形逐漸累積，終至面層產生過大的車轍變形。然而，至今仍缺乏一合理方式界定路基土壤臨界應力，及預測路基土壤於不同載重次數下之塑性變形。因此，本研究應用反覆載重三軸試驗，根據路基土壤於反覆載重下之回彈、塑性、遲滯及shakedown等行為加以界定路基土壤臨界應力，進而發展一多元迴歸塑性模式預測路基土壤塑性變形。此外，對於回彈模數行為預測，選擇常用之軸差應力模式及雙折線模式做一探討。
研究結果顯示，雙折線模式預測回彈模數行為較軸差應力模式為佳。而路基土壤破壞可由反覆載重下之消散能變化情形，及塑性應變發展型態加以判定，低於臨界應力水準時，路基土壤於反覆載重下之塑性行為係處於穩定累積狀態，且消散能持續遞減；而高於臨界應力水準時，塑性應變累積行為會呈現突然增大，有別於低應力水準下之行為，且消散能於載重若干次數後有復而升高之現象。
依shakedown觀點，路基土壤係由塑性潛變shakedown行為進入至增量崩潰階段，而臨界應力水準則存在於兩種行為之分野。研究結果發現，路基土壤臨界軸差應力隨含水量增加而下降；隨圍壓提高而上升。此外，所發展之多元迴歸塑性模式可有效地預測路基土壤於不同載重次數下之塑性應變。

摘要(英)

ABSTRACT
The subgrade soil failures due to excessive permanent deformation produced by high stresses in the pavement. However, lack of reasonable mode distinguishes the critical stress in subgrade soil. This paper describes the shakedown behavior of cohesive subgrade soil under repeated loading. The main goal is to define the critical stress level of subgrade soil under repeated loading. According to the shakedown concept, this level is termed the shakedown limit, and it can be distinguish on bases of resilient, plastic, hysteretic, and shakedown behavior by repeated triaxial test. Besides, to select the deviatoric stress model and bilinear model predict the resilient modulus of subgrade soil.
The test results show the bilinear model is better than the deviatoric stress model. The determination of critical stress can rely on the behavior of soil under repeated loading, such as dissipated energy and the type of plastic strain accumulation. Below the critical stress, the plastic strain is steady to accumulate, and the dissipated energy is more and more small as the number of load cycles increase. As the stress level advancing above the critical stress, the plastic strain is suddenly increases, and the dissipated energy rises again after specific load applications. Besides, the method of description for plastic strain rate versus plastic strain also can effectively distinguish the shakedown behavior.
According to the shakedown concept, subgrade soil is from plastic creep shakedown to incremental collapse. The critical stress level is between two behaviors, and it decreases with increasing water content, increases with increasing confining pressure.

關鍵字(中)

★ 路基土壤
★ 反覆載重
★ 回彈模數
★ 塑性模式

關鍵字(英)

★ plastic model
★ shakedown
★ resilient modulus
★ repeated loading
★ subgrade soils

論文目次

目錄
頁次
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究動機與目的 1
1.2研究內容 2
1.3研究架構及流程 3
第二章路基土壤回彈模數 5
2.1前言 5
2.2回彈模數試驗規範沿革 6
2.3 T 292-91回彈模數試驗程序內容 8
2.3.1回彈模數試驗之土壤分類 8
2.3.2儀器裝置構造 10
2.3.3試體製作方式 18
2.3.4回彈模數試驗程序 20
2.4回彈模數影響因子 24
2.4.1試體製作方式與含水量 24
2.4.2應力水準 28
2.4.3試驗程序 32
2.4.4應力加載次數 38
2.4.5量測元件位置 39
2.4.6系統誤差 40
2.5回彈模數試驗結果與討論 42
2.5.1土壤性質與試驗準備 42
2.5.2含水量變化對回彈模數之影響 46
2.5.3軸桿摩擦力對回彈模數之影響 48
2.6回彈模數組成模式 58
2.6.1 T 292-91所建議之回彈模數組成模式 58
2.6.2其他常見之回彈模數組成模式 59
2.6.3軸差應力模式與Thompson and Robnet之雙折線模式比較 65
第三章路基土壤反覆載重下之塑性及回彈行為 71
3.1前言 71
3.2反覆載重下之臨界應力水準 71
3.3 shakedown 觀念 81
3.4路基土壤靜態三軸試驗 85
3.5路基土壤反覆載重試驗 88
3.6路基土壤反覆載重下之shakedown 行為 90
3.7路基土壤反覆載重下之塑性行為 100
3.7.1反覆載重下之塑性應變 100
3.7.2反覆載重下之塑性應變增加率 114
3.8路基土壤反覆載重下之回彈行為 125
3.8.1反覆載重下之回彈應變 125
3.8.2反覆載重下之回彈模數 130
第四章路基土壤反覆載重下之塑性模式建構 140
4.1前言 140
4.2反覆載重下常用之塑性模式 141
4.2.1塑性應變與反覆載重次數間之關係模式 141
4.2.2簡化模式 144
4.3塑性模式參數決定 148
4.3.1εp(N) = I．NS模式 148
4.3.2εp(N) =εp(1) + S log N 模式 155
4.3.3εp(N) = BenXN S模式 155
4.4多元迴歸模式建構 157
4.4.1 Pearson相關分析 158
4.4.2多元迴歸塑性模式建構 161
4.4.3多元迴歸塑性模式驗證及應用 164
第五章結論與建議 167
參考文獻 171

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指導教授

黃偉慶(Wei-Hsing Huang)

審核日期

2002-7-15

推文