摘要(英) |
This thesis employed the optical triangulation measurement system (including CMOS image sensor, laser light and MATLAB software) to analyze muscle vibration patterns by using silkworm as an animal model. By using this system, the dynamic change of muscle contraction was quantified with 10 μm precision that is unable to be distinguished with naked eye. Each silkworms were nanoinjected with 207 nl of 20% formalin, 4% acetic acid, 10% formic acid or 10% acetylcholine into the 7th segment and muscle vibration patterns were recorded. The acquired vibration information was then transformed into time-position and frequency-amplitude profile. The results showed that puncture and PBS (pH 6.5) injection did not induce significant contraction in silkworm’’s muscle. The amplitudes of peaks are 0.1115 and 0.1673 respectively in low frequency. Either acetic acid, formic acid or acetylcholine injection induces short-term vibrations, but distinguishable amplitude change from that of puncture and PBS injection. The amplitudes of the peaks for acetic acid, formic acid or acetylcholine injection are 0.2380, 0.2612 and 0.2104 respectively in low frequency. The amplitude for acetic acid is 2.7 pixel, and for formic acid and acetylcholine are 1.5 pixel, same as that puncture and PBS injection. In contrast, formalin injection induces significant changes of waveform in both amplitude and spectrum. The largest amplitude of waveform is 4.5 pixel and peak in 0.8644 in low frequency. In conclusion, these studies demonstrated the applicability of triangulation measurement system for the physiology of silkworm larva. The relation and application between the frequency, the amplitude and pain of animals deserves further investigation. |
參考文獻 |
1.Capone, F., and Aloisi, A. M. (2004). Refinement of pain evaluation techniques. The formalin test. Ann. Ist. Super. Sanita. 40: 223-229.
2.http://gsh.taiwanschoolnet.org/gsh2003/2752/, 蠶之愛.
3.http://www.nmns.edu.tw/New/PubLib/NewsLetter/88/138/05.html, 家蠶的一生及其利用.
4.吳載德. (1981). 蠶體解剖生理學. 農業出版社.
5.http://etc.lyac.edu.cn/kunchongxue/, 萊陽農學院植物保護系普通昆蟲學多媒體網路課程.
6.http://www.zgxl.net/sljk/imgbody/ggj.htm, 骨骼肌(muscle).
7.Kitchen, S. R., and Dam-Hansen, C. (2003). Holographic common-path interferometer for angular displacement measurements with spatial phase stepping and extended measurement range. Appl. Opt. 42: 51-59.
8.di Prampero, P. E. (2000). Cycling on Earth, in space, on the Moon. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 82: 345-360.
9.Liu, C. H., Jywe, W. Y., and Chen, C. K. (2004). Development of a diffraction-type optical triangulation sensor. Appl. Opt. 43: 5607-5613.
10.彭政忠. (2002). 精巧型數位影像之測距及角度量測系統. 國立中央大學光電科學研究所碩士論文.
11.Fossum, E. R. (1997). CMOS image sensors: electronic camera-on-a-chip. IEEE Trans. Elec. Dev. 44: 1689-1698.
12.Yadid-Pecht, O., and Fossum, E. R. (1997). Wide intrascene dynamic range CMOS APS using dual sampling. IEEE Trans. Elec. Dev. 44: 1721-1723.
13.Fritscher-Ravens, A., and Swain, C. P. (2002). The wireless capsule: new light in the darkness. Dig Dis. 20: 127-133.
14.Lacevic, A., and Vranic, E. (2004). Different digital imaging techniques in dental practice. Bosn. J. Basic Med. Sci. 4: 37-40.
15.葉德川. (2002). CMOS影像感測元件發展趨勢. 光連雙月刊. 37: 19-28.
16.http://www.etimag.com.tw/main-n27.htm, CMOS Sensor市場現況與發展策略.
17.http://www.mathworks.com/, the MathWorks.
18.http://www.cs.nthu.edu.tw/~jang/mlbook/, MATLAB程式設計與應用.
19.http://www.originlab.com/, OriginLab.
20.http://www.sepl.com.hk/pdf/hynix/image_sensor/hv7131d.pdf, HV7131D CMOS IMAGE SENSOR With 8-bit ADC.
21.http://www.jeilin.com.tw/jeilin-2/jeilin.htm, JL2001B PC Camera with JPEG for VGA.
22.Gilchrist, H. D., Allard, B. L., and Simone, D. A. (1996). Enhanced withdrawal responses to heat and mechanical stimuli following intraplantar injection of capsaicin in rats. Pain. 67: 179-188.
23.Le Bars, D., Gozariu, M., and Cadden, S. W. (2001). Animal models of nociception. Pharmacol. Rev. 53: 597-652.
24.Yeomans, D. C., and Proudfit, H. K. (1996). Nociceptive responses to high and low rates of noxious cutaneous heating are mediated by different nociceptors in the rat: electrophysiological evidence. Pain. 68: 141-150. |