台灣車籠埔斷層鑽井計畫岩心的岩性地層及沉積相研究

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王順民(Shun-Min Wang) 查詢紙本館藏

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台灣車籠埔斷層鑽井計畫岩心的岩性地層及沉積相研究
(Lithostratigraphy and Sedimentary Facies Studies of the Cores from the Taiwan Chelungpu-fault Drilling Project A)

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摘要(中)

TCDP-A井的連續岩心(台灣車籠埔斷層計畫岩心，總深度2003公尺)獲得了台灣中部地區，上新世至更新世台灣前陸盆地的層序。TCDP-A井岩心記錄著台灣前陸盆地淺海沉積環境的演化過程，由形成初期(桂竹林層，1300-1710公尺)，經過發育期(錦水頁岩，1013-1300公尺)，進入成熟期(卓蘭層，0-1013公尺、1710-2003公尺)的這些階段。
經由岩心完整岩性與地球物理電測資料的結合，使得這些連續的岩心紀錄提供了我們一個獨一無二的機會，來研究一個逐漸發育形成之海洋前陸盆地的岩石地層與沉積作用演化過程。我們描述岩心的岩性、顆粒度變化、沉積構造、生物擾動指數、生痕化石、岩層間的接觸關係與特殊岩層(如貝類化石富集帶、泥塊或是小礫石富集帶、碳層、結核等特徵)。由上述的岩相特徵，可將研究岩心分出濱海海岸沉積體系及淺海大陸棚沉積體系。利用上述所建立的基礎，可分別定義出15種岩相與12種生痕化石相。結合相鄰與相關的岩相可辨認出8種岩相組合，分別為外遠濱相、內遠濱相、下濱面相、上濱面相、障壁島相、潮坪相、潟湖相及沼澤相。經由這些岩相組合的建立，使我們得知台灣前陸盆地的環境由淺變深再由深變淺的演化過程。

摘要(英)

The continuous coring of the TCDP-A (Taiwan Chelungpu-Fault Drilling Project-A, 2003 m in drill depth) borehole recovered a Pliocene-Pleistocene Taiwan foreland sequence in central Taiwan. The drilled interval records the shallow marine sedimentation of an evolving foreland basin from its inception (i.e., the Kueichulin Formation, 1300m-1710m) through the under-filled stage (i.e., the Chinshui Shale, 1013m-1300m) into the mature/over-filled stage (i.e., the Cholan Formation, 0m-1013m, 1710m-2003m).
The continuous cores provide us a unique opportunity to decipher the sedimentology and lithology of an evolving marine foreland basin through an integrated study of core lithofacies and geophysical wireline logs. Fifteen lithofacies and 12 trace-fossil assemblages were recognized from the TCDP-A cores on the basis of the lithology, grain size, sedimentary structure, degree of bioturbation, trace fossils, and fossils content. Genetically related lithofacies were then combined into 8 facies associations. These facies associations are deposits accumulated in environments of outer offshore, inner offshore, lower shoreface, upper shoreface, barrier complex, tidal flat, lagoon, and swamp, respectively. The vertical change of paleo-environments documents the Taiwan foreland basin evolving from an early overall transgressive phase(i.e., the Kueichulin Formation and Chinshui Shale) into a late regressive phase(i.e., the Cholan Formation).

關鍵字(中)

★ 岩性
★ 台灣車籠埔斷層鑽井計畫
★ 岩心
★ 沉積相

關鍵字(英)

★ lithostratigraphy
★ cores
★ Taiwan Chelungpu-fault Drilling Project
★ sedimentary facies

論文目次

目錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………I
英文摘要………………………………………………………………...II
誌謝…………………………………………………………………III
目錄…………………………………………………………………IV
圖目……………………………………………………………….VII
表目…………………………………………………………………XI
第一章緒論……………………………………………………………..1
1-1 前言……………….……………………………………...………. 1
1-2 研究區域地質背景………..………………..…..……...…………2
1-3 岩石地層.…………………………………………………………6
1-3.1 桂竹林層………………..……………………………………6
1-3.2 錦水頁岩……………………………………………….……7
1-3.3 卓蘭層………………………………………………………..8
1-3.4 頭嵙山層..……………………………………………………9
1-4 TCDP-A..…………………………………………………………..9
1-5 前人研究………………………………………………………..11
1-5.1 前陸盆地的完整層序…………..…………………..………11
1-5.2 盆地的沉陷速率………………..……………..……………11
1-5.3 沉積環境研究.………………………………….…………12
第二章 TCDP-A井岩性與地層…………………..……...…..……14
2-1 研究方法..………….…..….……………………...…………….14
2-2岩性描述……………….…………………….…………………..14
2-3岩性地層…...…….………………………………………………41
第三章岩相分析………………………………………………….…..43
3-1 岩相分類……..………………………………………………….43
3-2 泥岩相………...……………………………………………..…..44
3-2.1 塊狀泥岩相………………………………………………..44
3-2.2 殘存紋理泥岩相…………………………………………… 44
3-2.3 粉砂紋理泥岩相……………………………………………50
3-2.4 富含有機質泥岩相……………………………….……….50
3-2.5 含原生化石泥岩相……………………………….……….50
3-3 砂頁岩互層….…………………………………………………..51
3-3.1韻律紋理砂頁岩互層相…………………………………….51
3-3.2暴風砂頁岩互層相………………………………………….51
3-4 砂岩相………...…………………………………….……..……52
3-4.1塊狀砂岩相……………………………………………….…52
3-4.2生物擾動的砂岩相……………………………………….…53
3-4.3低角度交錯層理砂岩相………………………………….…53
3-4.4具沉積同時變形構造之砂岩相…………………………….54
3-4.5具平行紋理之砂岩相……………………………………….54
3-4.6具波狀紋理之砂岩相……………………………………….54
3-5 化石相…………………………………………………………..55
3-5.1 成層化石岩相…………………………………………….55
3-5.2 無層理化石相…………………………………………….55
3-6 岩性地層與岩相關係……..……...…………………………..…56
第四章沉積體系及沉積相…………………………………………...57
4-1 沉積體系……………………………………………….………..57
4.2 沉積相……………………………………………….…………..61
4-2.1 江灣口－潟湖沉積體系………………………..…………..61
4-2.1.1 障壁島相……………………………...…………………..61
4-2.1.2 潮坪相………………………………………...…………..63
4-2.1.3 潟湖相………………………...…………………………..64
4-2.1.4 沼澤相………………………...…………………………..65
4-2.2 淺海大陸棚沉積體系………………………...…………….65
4-2.2.1 外遠濱相………………………...…………….………….65
4-2.2.2 內遠濱相…………………..……...…….………………..66
4-2.2.3 下濱面相………………………...…….……..…………..68
4-2.2.4 上濱面相………………………...…….………..………..68
4-3 岩性地層與沉積環境的關係………...…………………………83
第五章結論……………………………………………………………84
參考文獻……………………………………………………………….85

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指導教授

林殿順(Andrew Tien-Shun Lin)

審核日期

2006-7-22

推文