 |
|
|
|
以作者查詢圖書館館藏 、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 、以作者查詢全國書目 、勘誤回報 、線上人數：6 、訪客IP：18.220.160.216
姓名 鄭智峰(Chih-Feng Cheng) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 化學工程與材料工程學系 論文名稱 醫療用製氧機及平板型吸附塔製氧變壓吸附程序之研究
(Study of Medical Oxygen Concentrater and Compact Flat-Box Adsorbers for Air Separation by PSA Processes)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
[相關文章]
[文章引用]
[完整記錄]
[館藏目錄]
[檢視]
- 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
- 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
- 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。
摘要(中) 變壓吸附程序一直以來都是使用圓柱型吸附塔來分離氣體，而本研究是利用相鄰的平板型吸附塔取代傳統的圓柱型吸附塔。一開始驗証程式是採用市售的圓柱塔製氧機程序，進料為20.762%的氧氣、0.938%的氬氣與78.300%的氮氣組成，吸附劑為採用UOP公司所生產的OXYSIV-5XPTM。其後，利用文獻上Skarstrom cycle程序的實驗數據來驗証程式的準確性，進料為21%的氧氣、79%的氮氣組成，吸附劑為5A沸石。模擬時所用的氣體分離機構為平衡模式，其假設吸附塔內的同一截面積上固、氣兩相瞬間達成平衡，且為非恆溫之變壓吸附模式，忽略吸附塔內的壓力降，而吸附平衡關係式皆採用extend Langmuir isotherms。
在驗証程式準確性後，利用相鄰的平板型吸附塔取代傳統的圓柱型吸附塔來進行模擬，由模擬結果可發現在相同的Purge to Feed Ratio與Product to Feed Ratio的情況下，平板型吸附塔條件下與圓柱型吸附塔並無太大差異，但平板型吸附塔比圓柱型吸附塔擁有更高的空間利用率。本研究並探討各操作變數(諸如：平板塔兩塔間的熱傳係數、各步驟操作時間、塔長、進料壓力)對模擬結果的影響。最後發現當進料壓力由4.26 atm降至3.26 atm時，平均進料流率由3.75 L/min降至2.88 L/min，雖產氣中氧氣純度已由原本的94.22 % 降至93.39 % ，但卻能省下可觀的pump秏電成本。摘要(英) Cylindrical adsorbers are usually used for pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes. In this study, the flat-box adsorbers which stack together replace the traditional cylindrical adsorbers. First, work was done to verify the applicability of the simulation program on the system of air (20.762% oxygen, 0.938% argon, and 78.300% nitrogen) separation with OXYSIV-5XPTM from UOP packed cylindrically in a commercialize oxygen generator. Another verification of the applicability of the simulation program was performed for separation of air (21% oxygen, and 79% nitrogen) with 5A zeolite in Skarstrom cycle. The latter simulation results was compared with the published experimental data. Instantaneous equilibrium between solid and gas phase with non-isothermal operation were assumed and the bed pressure drop could be neglected. The adsorption isotherms used were extend Langmuir isotherms.
After confirming the accuracy of the simulation program, the traditional cylindrical adsorbers were replaced by new compact flat-box adsorbers. The performance of the flat-box adsorbers was similar to that of the traditional cylindrical adsorbers at same purge to feed ratio and product to feed ratio. But the flat-box adsorbers was better than the cylindrical adsorbers in the usage rate of packing space. The effects of operating variables such as the heat transfer coefficient between neighboring adsorbers, step time, bed length, and adsorption pressure were investigated on the performance of PSA. Finally, as the feed pressure was reduced from 4.26 atm to 3.26 atm, the feed flow rate changed form 3.75 L/min to 2.88 L/min. A little price was paid: the oxygen purity in product was reduced from 94.22 % to 93.39 %, but less cost of electric power was used by pump.關鍵字(中) ★ 變壓吸附
★ 平板型吸附塔
★ 空氧分離關鍵字(英) ★ pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
★ flat-box adsorb論文目次 摘要····················································································································i
ABSTRACT·······································································································ii
致謝··················································································································iii
目錄··················································································································iv
圖目錄·············································································································vii
表目錄············································································································xiii
符號說明········································································································xvi
第一章、緒論····································································································1
第二章、簡介及文獻回顧················································································3
2-1 變壓吸附之簡介···············································································3
2-1-1 變壓吸附基本原理···········································································3
2-1-2 吸附劑及其選擇性···········································································4
2-1-3 變壓吸附典型步驟···········································································5
2-2 文獻回顧···························································································7
2-2-1 PSA程序之發展及改進···································································7
2-2-2 理論之回顧·······················································································9
2-3 研究背景、目的·············································································12
第三章、理論··································································································15
3-1 基本假設·························································································15
3-2 統制方程式·····················································································16
3-3 吸附平衡關係式·············································································20
3-4 參數推導·························································································26
3-4-1 軸向分散係數·················································································26
3-4-2 熱傳係數·························································································28
3-5 求解的方法·····················································································30
3-5-1 閥公式·····························································································30
3-5-2 各物件之介紹與其邊界條件之估計··············································31
3-5-3 估計物料對各物件影響的流程······················································42
3-6-4 求解步驟·························································································47
第四章、製程描述··························································································49
4-1 國睦公司製氧機製程·····································································50
4-2 Skarstrom Cycle··············································································51
4-3 參數與操作條件·············································································52
4-3-1 國睦公司製氧機程序之參數與操作條件······································52
4-3-2 Farooq et al.[1]空氣分離生產富氧程序之參數與操作條件··········54
第五章、結果討論與數據分析······································································56
5-1 國睦公司五升醫療用製氧機模擬結果與驗證······························56
5-2 Skarstrom Cycle程序模擬結果與驗證··········································58
5-3 平板型吸附塔Skarstrom Cycle程序之模擬·································66
5-4 1st & 3rd Step Time 對平板型吸附塔Skarstrom Cycle製程的影響········································································································68
5-5 2nd & 4th Step Time 對平板型吸附塔Skarstrom Cycle製程的影響········································································································80
5-6 塔長對平板型吸附塔Skarstrom Cycle製程的影響······················95
5-7 進料壓力對平板型吸附塔Skarstrom Cycle製程的影響············104
第六章、結論································································································109
參考文獻·······································································································111參考文獻 [1] Farooq, S., D. M. Ruthven, and H.A. Boniface, “Numerical Simulation of a Pressure Swing Adsorption Oxygen Unit”, Chem.Eng. Sci., Vol. 44, Iss. 12, 2809-2816, 1989
[2] Skarstrom,C.W., “Method and Apparatus for Fractionating Gaseous Mixtures by Adsorption”, U.S. Patent 2,944,627, assigned to Esso Research and Engineering Company, 1960
[3] Tamura, T., “Absorption Process for Gas Separation”, U.S. Patent 3,797,201, assigned to T. Tamura, Tokyo, Japan, 1974
[4] Yang, R.T., and S.J. Doong, “Hydrogen Purification by The Multi-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Process”, Reactive Ploymers, Vol. 6, Iss.1, 7-13, 1987
[5] Marsh, W.D., F.S. Pramuk, R.C. Hoke,, and C.W. Skarstrom, “Pressure Equalization Depressuring in Heatless Adsorption”,U.S. Patent 3,142,547, assigned to Esso Research and Engineering Company, 1964
[6] Berlin, N.H., ”Method for Providing an Oxygen-Enriched Environment”, U.S. Patent 3,280,536, assigned to Esso Research and Engineering Company, 1966
[7] Heinze, G., Belgain Patent 613,267, assigned to Farbenfabriken Bayer A. G., 1962
[8] Tamura, T., French Patent 1,502,458, 1967
[9] Alexis, R.W., “Upgrading Hydrogen Via Heatless Adsorption”,Chem. Eng. Prog., Symp. Ser.; Vol. 63, Issue 74; PB-230845, United States, 1967 Jan. 01
[10] Kowler, D.E., and R.H. Kadlec, “The Optimal Control Of a Periodic Adsorber: Part I. Experiment”, AIChE J., Vol. 31, Iss. 6, 1207-1212, 1972
[11] Yang, R.T., and S.J. Doong, ”Gas Separation by Pressure Swing Adsorption: A Pore Diffusion Model for Bulk Separation”, AIChE J., Vol. 31, Iss. 11, 1829-1837, 1985
[12] Yang, J., C. Lee, and J. Chang, “Separation of Hydrogen Mixture by a Two-Bed Pressure Swing Adsorption Process Using Zeolite 5A”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol.36, 2789-2798, 1997
[13] Lee, C.H., J. Yang, and H. Ahn, “Effects of Carbon-to-Zeolite Ratio on Layered Bed H2 PSA For Coke Oven Gas”, AIChE J., Vol. 45, Iss. 3, 535-545, 1999
[14] Park, J.H., J.N. Kim, and S.H. Cho, “Performance Analysis of Four-Bed H2 PSA Process Using Layered Beds”, AIChE J., Vol. 46, Iss. 4, 790-802, 2000
[15] Jee, J.G., M.B. Kim, and C.H. Lee, “Adsorption Characteristics of Hydrogen Mixtures in a Layered Bed: Binary, Ternary, and Five-Component Mixturess”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 40, Iss. 3, 868-878, 2001
[16] Grande ,C.A, E. Basaldella, and A.E. Rodrigues, “Crystal Size Effect In Vacuum Pressure-Swing Adsorption For Propane/Propylene Separation”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 48, Iss. 23, 7557-7565, 2004
[17] Santos, J.C., A.F. Protugal, F.D. Magalhaes, and A. Mendes, “Simulation and Optimization of Small Oxygen Pressure Swing Adsorption Units”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 43, Iss. 26, 8323-8338, 2004
[18] Turnock, P.H., and R.H. Kadlec, “Separation of Nitrogen and Methane via Periodic Adsorption”, AIChE J., Vol. 17, Iss. 2, 335-342, 1971
[19] Shendalman, L.H., and J.E. Mitchell, “A Study of Heatless Adsorption in the Model System CO2 in He(I)”, Chem.Eng. Sci., Vol. 27, 1449-1458, 1972
[20] Nakao, S., and M. Suzuki, “Mass Transfer Coefficient in Cyclic Adsorption and Desorption”, J. Chem. Eng. Japan, Vol. 16, 114-119, 1983
[21] Hassan, M.M., D.M. Ruthven, and N.S. Raghavan, “Air Separation by Pressure Swing Adsorption on a Carbon Molecular Sieve”, Chem.Eng. Sci., Vol. 41, Iss. 5, 1333-1343, 1986
[22] Doong, S.J., and R.T. Yang, "Bulk Separation of Multicomponent Gas Mixtures by Pressure Swing Adsorption: Pore/Surface Diffusion and Equilibrium Models", AIChE J., Vol. 32, Iss. 3, 397-410, 1986
[23] Doong, S.J., and R.T. Yang, "Bidisperse pore diffusion model for zeolite pressure swing adsorption", AIChE J., Vol. 33, Iss. 6, 1045-1049, 1987
[24] Hassan, M.M., N.S. Raghvan, and D.M. Ruthven, “Pressure Swing Air Separation on a Carbon Molecular Sieve. II: Investigation of a Modified Cycle with Pressure Equalization and No Purge”, Chem.Eng. Sci., Vol. 42, Iss. 8, 2037-2043, 1987
[25] Farooq, S. and D.M. Ruthven, “A Comparison of Linear Driving Force and Pore Diffusion-Models for a Pressure Swing Adsorption Bulk Separation Process”, Chem.Eng. Sci., Vol. 45, Iss. 1, 107-115, 1990
[26] Zhou, L., J. Li, W. Su, Y. Sun, and Y. Zhou, “Experimental Studies of a New Compact Design Four-Bed PSA Equipment for Producing Oxygen“, AIChE J., Vol. 51, Iss. 10, 2695-2701, 2005
[27] Zhou, L., X.F. Ouyang, W. Li, S.N. Li, and Y.P. Zhou, “Experiments of Improving the Performance of Disk Type PSA Columns in Oxygen Production”, Sep.Sci. Tech., Vol. 41, Iss. 2, 247-259, 2006
[28] Chou, C.T., and W.C. Huang, “Incorporation of a valve equation into the simulation of a pressure swing adsorption process”, Chem. Eng. Sci., 49(1), 75-84, 1994
[29] Huang W.J., C.Y. Chen, and C.T. Chou, “Concentration and Recovery of SO2 from Flue Gas by Pressure Swing Adsorption”, Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers, 37(2), 149-157, 2006
[30] Wen, C.Y., and L.T. Fan, Models for Flow Systems and Chemical Reactors, Dekker, New York, 1975
[31] Bird, R.B., W.E. Stewart, and E.N. Lightfoot, Transport Phenomena, Wiley, New York, 1960
[32] Fuller, E.N., P.D. Schettler, and J.C. Giddings, ”A Comparison of Methods for Predicting Gaseous Diffusion Coefficients“, J. Gas Chromatogr., Vol. 3, 222-227, 1965
[33] Fuller, E.N., P.D. Schettler, and J.C. Giddings, ”A New Method for Prediction of Binary Gas-Phase Diffusion Coefficients”, Ind. Eng. Chem., Vol. 58, Iss. 5, 18-27, 1966
[34] McCabe, W.L., J.C. Smith, and P. Harriott, Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 2001
[35] Perry, R.H., D.W. Green, and J.O. Maloney, Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 1984
[36] Smith J.M., and H.C. Van Ness, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 1987
[37] Breck, D.W., Zeolite Molecular Sleves, Wiley, New York, 1974
[38] Boniface, H., “Separation of argon from air using Zeolites”, University of New Brunswick, Frederiction, Ph.D. thesis, 1983
[39] Verelat, H., and G.V. Baron, ”Adsorption of Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Argon on 5A Molecular Sieve”, J. Chem. Eng.,Vol. 30, Iss. 1, 66-70,1985指導教授 周正堂(Cheng-tung Chou) 審核日期 2007-7-23 推文 plurk
funp
live
udn
HD
myshare
netvibes
friend
youpush
delicious
baidu
網路書籤 Google bookmarks
del.icio.us
hemidemi
facebook
twitter
google
reddit