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姓名 簡清桐(Ching Tong)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 環境工程研究所在職專班
論文名稱 電子產業廢錫鉛銲材渣資源化操作條件探討
(Discussion the operation factor about resource recycling on Tin-Lead weld dreg in electronic industry)
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摘要(中) 錫鉛銲材被廣泛地運用於電子元件與基板的電路連接上,錫鉛銲材主要合金成份比為63wt%Sn-37wt%Pb,廢錫鉛渣為電子產業錫鉛銲材之廢棄物,本研究係以一廢錫鉛渣處理廠個案公司為例,採用實廠操作之方法,一方面以溫度做為作業之操作條件,將熔煉爐從250℃到950℃間加熱,另一方面則以直流電壓做為作業之操作條件,將酸液電解純化模式以1V到4V之間操作電壓,以探討錫鉛銲材廢棄物之資源化再利用的最適操作條件及資源化帶給我們的經濟效益。
本研究結果顯示:在温度操作試驗下,廢錫鉛渣於650℃之溫度熔煉處理後,銅含量低於0.50%,符合原物料之成分規格,且操作成本較低。其經濟效益,從民國94年6月13日到民國95年12月13日期間之廢錫鉛渣熱熔資源化數據統計顯示:期間內錫鉛錠再利用量達183公噸,而經濟效益達新台幣3,318萬元,可見廢錫鉛渣之資源化具經濟效益。另一方面,因應 RoHS 之規格,必須將錫鉛合金之鉛去除,在電壓操作試驗下,以酸液電解純化之 3V 直流電壓操作模式,品質符合 RoHS 之規格且具資源化經濟效益。
本研究期能提供大眾對資源化貢獻的認知,讓資源能在永續觀念下不斷回收與使用,如此資源化的效益才能持續提升。
摘要(英) The Tin-Lead alloy is widely applied on the weld material of electronic elements and circuit base plates. The main composition of Tin-Lead alloy weld material is 37wt% of Plumbum and 63wt% of Stannum. Tin-Lead dreg is the offal of weld which is applied on electronic industry. For the purpose of discussing the most fitting terms and economic benefits of that, this research takes one Tin-Lead weld dreg processing factory in Taiwan as an example to do a case study by adopting the practical operation method on the spot of that factory. On one hand, take the heat as one operation factor and melt the dreg in crucible by controlling of temperature from 250 Centigrade degree to 950 Centigrade degree. On the other hand, take voltage as the other operation factor and bridle the tension from 1V to 4V by acid liquid electrolytic purification method.
This study shows the result that the lead content of abolish Tin-Lead alloy weld material is lower than 0.5% by melting and refining between 650 Centigrade degree under temperature experimentation, which meets the standard composition of the row material and inclines the operation cost. The economic profit of recycling is over than 33.18 million NT dollars and the amount of re-use is over than 183 metric ton which is revealed on the statistical information at the duration from June 13, 2005 to December 13, 2006. We can get obvious result that the recycling of the dreg has economic benefit.
On the other hand, in order to meet the specifications of RoHS, one must get rid of lead from the Tin-Lead alloy. This research exhibits that the quality meets regulation of RoHs and possesses economic benefits of recycling when the voltage mode is 3V on the pattern of acid liquid electrolytic purification.
This research looks forward to offer the multitude to recognize the contribution of recycling, and let resources can be retrieved and utilized, so that the benefit of recycling can be improved continuously.
關鍵字(中) ★ 熔煉
★ 資源化
★ 廢錫鉛銲材渣
★ 酸液電解
關鍵字(英) ★ resource recycling
★ melting and refining acid liquid electrolysis.
★ Tin-Lead weld dreg
論文目次 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
誌謝………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
目錄………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅳ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………… Ⅵ
表目錄……………………………………………………………………………… Ⅶ
第一章 前言……………………………………………………………………… 1
1-1 研究背景與動機……………………………………………………………… 1
1-2 研究目的……………………………………………………………………… 2
第二章 文獻回顧………………………………………………… ……………… 3
2-1 錫鉛銲材中鉛的危害與影……響…………………………………………… 3
2-1-1 鉛的危害……………………………………………………………………… 5
2-1-2 錫鉛銲材之簡介……………………………………………………………… 5
2-1-3 錫鉛銲材製品簡……介……………………………………………………… 6
2-1-4 銲錫材料性質………………………………………………………………… 7
2-2 銲錫與電子業封裝製程……………………………………………………… 9
2-2-1 軟銲技術……………………………………………………………………… 9
2-2-2 錫鉛銲材製造設備簡介……………………………………………………10
2-3 RoHS 對電子產業錫鉛銲材影響………………………………………… 12
2-3-1 無鉛銲料的發展………………………………………………………… 12
2-4 廢錫鉛渣回收再利用………………………………………………………14
2-4-1 廢錫鉛渣產生過程…………………………………………………………14
2-4-2 廢錫鉛渣熱熔資源化實廠操作流程………………………………………15
2-5 電解電解還原金屬…………………………………………………………18
2-5-1 電解還原金屬之原理………………………………………………………19
2-5-2 影響電解反應的因子………………………………………………………19
2-5-3 質傳對於電解回收之影響 …………………………………………………23
2-6 火花放射光譜儀簡介………………………………………………………23
2-6-1 基本原理……………………………………………………………………24
第三章 研究材料與方法………………………………………………………26
3-1 研究架構……………………………………………………………………26
3-2 研究材料及設備……………………………………………………………28
3-2-1 研究材料……………………………………………………………………28
3-2-2 研究設備……………………………………………………………………31
3-3 實廠資源化操作……………………………………………………………34
3-3-1 廢錫鉛渣熔煉之溫度控制…………………………………………………34
3-3-2 錫鉛合金電解之電壓控制…………………………………………………37
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………… …………41
4-1 廢錫鉛渣熔煉操作溫度分析………………………………………………41
4-2 廢錫鉛渣再利用經濟效益分析……………………………………………42
4-3 電解還原純錫操作電壓分析………………………………………………45
4-4 電解還原純錫再利用經濟效益分析………………………………………46
第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………………… …49
5-1 結論…………………………………………………………………………49
5-1-1 溫度控制及資源化經濟效益………………………………………………49
5-1-2 電解純化再利用可行性……………………………………………………50
5-2 研究限制……………………………………………………………………50
5-3 建議…………………………………………………………………………51
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………… 52
附錄一 廠商公證單位TCLP檢測報告………………………………… …… 55
附錄二 再利用機構廠內自行檢測報告………………………………………57
附錄三 廢錫鉛渣MSDS……………………………………………………… 60
附錄四 空污排放許可資料……………………………………………………64
附錄五 作業環境鉛檢測資料…………………………………………………65
附錄六 空氣污染物排放檢測資料……………………………………………66
附錄七 廠商回收再利用重量總表……………………………………………68
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指導教授 王鯤生(Kuen-Sheng Wang) 審核日期 2007-7-16
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