使用行動定位裝置協助感測器定位的經濟路程策略

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李科鋒(Ko-feng Lee) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

使用行動定位裝置協助感測器定位的經濟路程策略
(Economical Traveling Scheme for Localizing Sensor Network with Mobile Anchor)

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摘要(中)

在無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Network)中，感測器(Sensor)的定位是一個相當重要的議題，因為感測器的位置資訊對於在涵蓋範圍、繞送、追蹤和救援等問題上都相當有用，有相當多的定位方法被提出來，全球定位系統 (Global Positioning System，簡稱GPS)可以提供準確的位置資訊來協助定位。方法大致分為Range-based和Range-free兩類，range-based是一種藉由求得距離和角度的資訊估算位置的方法，較為準確但是由於需要一些特殊的設備求得精準的資訊使得花費也較大，因此在講究低功率低花費的無線感測網路中，另一種雖然沒有range-based來得精確但是花費較小的range-free方法較合適，其並不需要獲得距離和角度的資訊就能估出位置。兩種方法都需要有配備全球定位系統的定位裝置(Anchor)來協助定位，後來有人提出利用行動定位裝置(Mobile Anchor)來協助定位方法，藉此可減少定位裝置的數目，節省了一些花費，但相對的移動和時間上的花費卻相對的增高，因此本論文提出一個使用行動定位裝置協助感測器定位的經濟路程策略，減少利用行動定位裝置協助定位時所走的路程和所花的時間。並且藉由感測器發送訊號使得此方法可以應用到其他方面，如無線辨識系統(RFID)等。
文中對協助定位所需的位置訊息進行討論，並找出需要感測器回應或是不回應時較經濟路程之策略，並提出模擬比較的結果。

摘要(英)

Localization is one of the most important subjects in wireless sensor network because the location information is useful for coverage, routing, tracking, and rescue. There are many schemes have been proposed for dealing with the localization. The Global Positioning System, called GPS, can provide the information of coordinates which help sensor to estimate its position. There are two kinds of schemes dealing with the localization. First the range-based schemes need either node-to-node distances or angles for estimating locations. The range-based schemes have higher location accuracy, but it need some peculiar hardware to estimate distances or angles. The peculiar hardware is more expensive. The range-free schemes did not have higher location, but it did not need some expensive hardware. So the range-free schemes are more agree with wireless sensor network. Two kinds of schemes are all need some special nodes which called anchors and may equip with a GPS to obtain its position information. There are some schemes using mobile anchor to help sensor estimate its position. Using mobile anchor to help sensor estimate its position may reduce the number of anchors, but it cause more overhead because traveling. This scheme can be used in other application rely on the response of sensor. RFID is an example.
The issue concerned in the paper is about the required message of location in process of assistant Localization, aiming in finding the economical traveling scheme of any response received by the sensor. Our simulations show the result.

關鍵字(中)

★ 無線感測網路
★ 行動定位裝置
★ 路程

關鍵字(英)

★ Mobile Anchor
★ Wireless Sensor Network
★ Traveling

論文目次

目錄
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 論文架構 3
第二章相關研究 4
2.1 使用GPS定位的方法 4
2.1.1 Range-based 4
2.1.2 Range-free 7
2.1.3 Range-based和Range –free總結 16
2.2衛星定位 17
第三章經濟路程策略 18
3.1 概要 19
3.2估算半徑的方法 20
3.2.1事先估算半徑 20
3.2.2沒有事先估算半徑 21
3.2.3 半徑討論總結 24
3.3 路程策略 25
3.3.1 基本路程策略 25
3.3.2 經濟路程策略 26
3.4 感測器回應的應用 31
第四章效能評估 32
4.1模擬環境 32
4.2 模擬結果 33
4.2.1 行動定位裝置收不到感測器的回應 33
4.2.2 行動定位裝置收到感測器的回應 35
第五章結論及未來方向 38
參考文獻 39
附錄 A 42

參考文獻

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指導教授

曾黎明(Li-Ming Tseng)

審核日期

2006-7-24

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