博碩士論文 93523016 詳細資訊




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姓名 林仁傑(Ren-Jay Lin)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 通訊工程學系
論文名稱 數位電視地面廣播系統之通道估測與等化器設計與實現
(Design and Implementation of Channel Estimation and Equalization for DVB-T Receiver)
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摘要(中) 正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統具有抵抗多重路徑干擾及頻譜使用效率高等優異特性,其中抵抗多重路徑干擾是藉由循環字首(Cyclic prefix)及多載波之特性以達到免除碼字間干擾(ISI)及載波間干擾(ICI),而頻譜使用效率高則是運用多載波正交特性達到的。在循環字首的保護下,多路徑通道對各載波的影響在於其振幅與相位的失真,因此在個子載波之通道等化只需一個複數係數(One-tap)以修正其失真,而其成功要件則在於各子載波之通道頻率響應估測。
本研究中以實現複雜度許可之前提下,針對DVB-T系統進行穩定通道及快速衰落(移動)通道下之通道估測與等化演算法的模擬與硬體設計實現,其中模擬實現結果亦有助於了解OFDM傳收系統規格,如頻段、頻寬、子載波頻率間隔等與通道狀況對接收性能的影響,且針對典型的通道估測採最小平方法搭配線性內插之缺點,並提出插值濾波器之方法改善通道估測之精確度,進一步提升接收機效能。
摘要(英) OFDM systems exhibit superior characteristics in terms of simplicity in combating multi-path transmission and efficiency in spectral utilization. The effects of ICI and ISI arise from the multi-path interference could be successfully eliminated by the insertion of cyclic-prefix and the use of multi-carriers. Furthermore the advantage of spectral efficiency is achieved by orthogonal property. Under the protection of cyclic-prefix, multi-path effect causes distortion of amplitude and phase only. In accordance with the exact channel estimation among each sub-carrier, the distortion could be compensated by one-tap complex coefficients.
With the consideration of hardware implementation, the algorithms of the channel estimation and equalization were investigated and simulated for static channels and fast fading channels for DVB-T system. Moreover, the dependence of the receiving performance upon relationships between channel conditions and system specifications, e.g. transmission band, bandwidth, sub-carrier spacing, etc. would be clarified from simulation results. In contrast to the least-square method with linear interpolation for conventional channel estimator, interpolation filter was proposed to estimate the channel response more accurately, and improve the performance of the receiver further.
關鍵字(中) ★ 通道估測
★ 數位電視地面廣播
★ 正交分頻多工
★ 通道等化
關鍵字(英) ★ channel equalization
★ channel estimation
★ OFDM
★ DVB-T
論文目次 圖目錄 III
表目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
  1.1 研究動機與背景 1
  1.2 研究方法與目的 2
  1.3 章節提要 4
第二章 正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統原理與應用 4
  2.1 OFDM系統模型 5
  2.2 數位電視地面廣播(DVB-T)與NorDig標準規格簡介 6
  2.3 數位電視地面廣播(DVB-T)接收機設計 8
     2.3.1 時序同步簡介 9
     2.3.2 頻率同步簡介 10
     2.3.3 通道估測與頻域等化 12
第三章 通道模型與通道估測器設計 17
  3.1 等效基頻之離散時間通道模型建立 17
  3.2 最小平方法通道估測與線性內插 32
  3.3 插值濾波器設計 38
第四章 電腦模擬與結果分析 49
  4.1 模擬系統模型 49
  4.2 非時變通道之位元錯誤率模擬與分析 50
  4.3 時變通道之錯誤率模擬與分析 67
  4.4 線性內插通道估測器與等化器之定點數模擬與分析 76
第五章 FPGA硬體架構設計 84
  5.1 系統驗證平台 84
  5.2 雙緩衝記憶體機制 85
  5.3 線性內插器設計 88
  5.4 頻域等化器設計 89
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 94
中英對照表 95
參考文獻 99
附錄  數位電視地面廣播規格表 101
參考文獻 [1] ETSI EN 300 744, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television, European Standard.
[2] Paul H. Moose, “A Technique for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Frequency Offset Correction”, IEEE Trans. Communications, Oct. 1994
[3] Chandranath .R.N Athaudage, “BER Sensitivity of OFDM Systems to Time Synchronization Error”, The 8th International Conference on Comm. System, November 2002
[4] Thomas Keller, Lorenzo Piazoo, Paolo Mandarini, ”Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Synchronization Techniques for Frequency-Selective Fading Channels”, IEEE JNL in Comm., June 2001
[5] J-J. van de Beek, O. Edfors, M. Sandell, ”On Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems”, IEEE, 1995
[6] S. Coleri, M. Ergen, A. Puri and A. Bahai, ”Channel Estimation Techniques Based on Pilot Arrangement in OFDM Systems”, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, September 2002
[7] M-H. Hsieh, C-H. Wei, “Channel Estimation for OFDM Systems Based on Comb-type Pilot Arrangement in Frequency Selective Fading Channels”, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, February 1998
[8] Bernard Sklar, “Digital Communications Fundamentals and Applications”, Prentice Hall
[9] Therdore S. Rappaport, “Wireless Communications Principle and Practice”, Prentice Hall
[10] Jukka Rinne, Markku Renfors, “Pilot Spacing in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Systems on Practical Channels”, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, November 1996
[11] Pei-Yun Tsai, Tzi-Dar Chiueh, “Frequency-Domain Interpolation-Based Channel Estimation in Pilot-Aided OFDM Systems”, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, May 2004
[12] Charles L. Phillips, John M. Parr, “Signals, Systems, and Transforms”, Second Edition, Prentice Hall
[13] NorDig Unified Requirements for Integrated Receiver Decoders for use in cable, satellite, terrestrial, and IP-based networks, ver 1.0.2
[14] Uwe Ladebusch, Claudia A. Liss, “Terrestrial DVB (DVB-T):A Broadcast Technology for Stationary Portable and Mobile Use”, Proceeding of the IEEE, Invited paper, January 2006
[15] Ting-An Lin, Chen-Yi Lee, “Predictive Equalizer Design for DVB-T System”, ISCAS, May 2005
[16] Ray Andraka, “A survey of CORDIC algorithms for FPGA based computers”
指導教授 陳逸民(Yih-Min Chen) 審核日期 2006-7-10
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