垂直異質性對推估流通係數的影響

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藍釧桂(Chuan-Gui Lan) 查詢紙本館藏

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水文與海洋科學研究所

論文名稱

垂直異質性對推估流通係數的影響
(Influence of Vertical Heterogeneity on the Estimation of Transmissivity)

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摘要(中)

傳統上，針對含水層垂直異質性對地下水流之影響的研究多使用層狀模式方法進行模擬，其中假設含水層由數過均質等向的次水層。每一個次水層有其特定的水力傳導係數(K)、比儲蓄係數(Ss)與厚度(b)，因此整個含水層的K值、Ss值與b值呈現離散性的深度變化。本研究中，將K值與深度以一個連續的指數函數表示，探討垂直異質性對含水層洩降分布之影響，且此指數方程亦能代表真實含水層垂直異質的一種可能性。發展部分貫穿垂直異質含水層之定水頭試驗模式，幫助我們瞭解抽水井之部分貫穿效應與含水層之垂直異質性對洩降及流量的影響。結果顯示在抽水井附近的洩降變化同時受到部分貫穿效應與垂直異質性的偶合影響。部分貫穿效應隨距離增加而減少，終至完全消失，此範圍外的洩降分布則只受垂直異質性影響。

摘要(英)

In the past, the effect of vertical heterogeneity on groundwater flow was frequently evaluated using the layered-model approach, where the aquifer is assumed to be composed of a number of homogeneous and isotropic sublayers. Each sublayer has a distinctive hydraulic conductivity, specific storativity and thickness, so the hydraulic conductivity, specific storativity and thickness of the aquifer varies with depth in a discrete sense. Here, the effect of vertical heterogeneity on drawdown distribution is investigated using a continuous exponential function of K(z) which represents one possibility of vertical heterogeneity. The pumping well partially penetrates the aquifer and is pumped under a constant drawdown. Therefore, the model developed also serves the purpose of understanding the local vertical disturbance (the partial penetrating effect) versus the global (aquifer scale) vertical heterogeneity on drawdown and discharge. It is found that drawdown variation in the vicinity of the well is under the influence of the compound effect of the partial penetration and the vertical heterogeneity. At farther distance, however, the partial penetration effect disappears and drawdown is influenced by vertical heterogeneity.

關鍵字(中)

★ 定水頭實驗
★ 部分貫穿
★ 水力傳導係數
★ 流通係數
★ 異質性

關鍵字(英)

★ hydraulic conductivity
★ constant head test
★ partially penetrate
★ transmissivity
★ heterogeneity

論文目次

目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 V
符號說明 VI
第一章序論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的與範圍 4
1.3 研究方法 4
第二章定水頭模式發展 6
2.1　垂直異質、暫態之數學模式建立 6
2.1.1　暫態模式解題過程與模式解 12
2.1.2　利用Gram-Schmidt方法求解Cn(p) 17
2.2　垂直異質、穩態模式解 24
2.3　均質、暫態模式解 28
2.4　定水頭模式計算結果 30
2.4.1　尋找最佳基本參數 31
2.4.2　計算結果正確性之驗證 34
第三章模擬結果與討論 39
3.1　井篩段內通量隨深度的變化 39
3.2　部分貫穿井的影響距離(r*) 40
3.3　參數推估之半對數法 44
3.4 　觀測井距離對參數推估的影響 45
3.5 　井篩長度對推估流通係數的影響 47
3.6　井篩位置對推估流通係數的影響 47
第四章參數推估 52
4.1　假想資料推估結果---垂直異質性之影響 53
4.2　假想資料推估結果---井篩長度與位置之影響 53
第五章結論與建議 58
參考文獻 59

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指導教授

陳家洵(Chia-Shyun Chen)

審核日期

2006-7-18

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