經由極化光子對共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡降低由樣本引入的球面像差之研究

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姓名

張積暉(Chi-hui Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

經由極化光子對共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡降低由樣本引入的球面像差之研究
(Reducing the Specimen-induced Spherical Aberration by Polarized Photon-pairs Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope)

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摘要(中)

經由共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡系統掃描一個樣本的斷層影像時，入射光經由物鏡聚焦後進入樣本，當樣本本身或樣本與周圍液體之間有折射率不一致（refractive-index mismatch）的情況，不同入射角度的入射光的光程徑（optical path length）均不相同，因此入射光無法完美地會聚至物鏡的焦點，此為由樣本引入的球面像差（specimen-induced spherical aberration），此球面像差會嚴重地降低共焦顯微鏡系統的光學斷層能力。在本研究當中，我們提出一套極化光子對共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡系統，利用雙頻雷射做為共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡的光源以輸出極化光子對。極化光子對具備共路徑（common-path）的特性，並且結合外差干涉技術，此系統可以有效地降低由樣本引入的球面像差。從實驗結果可以驗證此原理的可行性，並且符合理論的預期。

摘要(英)

Refractive-index mismatch in conventional confocal microscopy produces severe degradation on axial resolution of sectioning image because the spherical aberration is induced by specimen. In this study, we propose a polarized photon-pairs confocal laser scanning microscope (PPCLSM) in which a two-frequency linear polarized photon-pairs (LPPPs) laser beam is produced. The common-path propagation of LPPPs integrated with optical heterodyne technique can reduce the spherical aberration. Therefore, the better axial resolutions of the sectioning image are produced. In the experiment, a verification and comparison between PPCLSM and conventional confocal laser scanning microscope (CCLSM) on the ability of reduction of spherical aberration induced by cover glass and by slide are demonstrated experimentally. Finally, the ability of PPCLSM which can decrease the spherical aberration based on the common-path propagation of LPPPs is discussed.

關鍵字(中)

★ 外差干涉術
★ 極化光子對
★ 球面像差
★ 折射率不一致
★ 共焦顯微鏡

關鍵字(英)

★ Linearly polarized photon-pairs (LPPPs)
★ Spherical aberration cancellation
★ Confocal microscopy
★ Optical heterodyne
★ refractive-index mismatch

論文目次

中文摘要...Ⅰ
英文摘要...Ⅱ
誌謝...Ⅲ
目錄...Ⅳ
圖目錄...Ⅶ
第一章緒論...1
1-1. 前言...1
1-2. 研究動機及目標...3
1-3. 降低樣本引入的球面像差的研究近況...5
1-4. 極化光子對共焦雷射掃描共焦顯微鏡的概述...8
第二章極化光子對雷射掃描共焦顯微鏡的原理與理論...10
2-1. 共焦顯微術...10
2-1-1. 光學斷層原理...10
2-1-2. 縱向反應曲線...12
2-1-3. 樣本表面輪廓的掃描...14
2-2. 樣本引入的球面像差...15
2-2-1. 波像差...15
2-2-2. 因樣本的折射率不一致造成的球面像差...17
2-2-3. 球面像差對於縱向響應曲線的影響...19
2-3. 外差干涉術 ...21
2-3-1. 線性極化光子對...21
2-3-2. 外差干涉原理...22
2-4. 極化光子對雷射掃描共焦顯微鏡降低由樣本引入的
球面像差的理論...24
第三章系統裝置與實驗方法 ...26
3-1. 系統架構 ...26
3-1-1. 極化光子對共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡 ...26
3-1-2. 傳統共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡...28
3-2. 系統量測訊號的校準...29
3-2-1. 傳統共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡系統...29
3-2-2. 極化光子對雷射掃描共焦顯微鏡...32
3-3. 量測方法與量測樣本...33
3-3-1. 傳統共焦雷射掃描鏡與極化光子對共焦雷射掃描顯微鏡系統的
縱向解析度...33
3-3-2. 由樣本引入的球面像差的量測...34
3-3-3. 樣本表面輪廓的掃描方法...35
第四章實驗結果的分析與討論...37
4-1. 關於系統縱向解析度 ...37
4-2. 關於由樣本引入的球面像差...39
4-3. 關於樣本表面輪廓的掃描影像...42
4-3-1. 光柵表面輪廓...42
4-3-2. 球面像差存在時的光柵表面輪廓...43
4-3-3. 蓋玻片、水與光柵之複合樣本...45
第五章結論...47
參考文獻...49

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指導教授

周晟(Chien Chou)

審核日期

2007-7-9

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