存貨水準與需求相依之最佳定價

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黃竹慈(Chu-Tzu Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

工業管理研究所

論文名稱

存貨水準與需求相依之最佳定價
(the optimal price of the inventory-level dependent demand)

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摘要(中)

本論文主要探討零售商販賣季節性商品(seasonal goods)時，考慮存貨水準與需求相依下，最適動態定價策略議題。零售商所面對的環境是在有限的銷售期間內將固定的存貨售出，一旦銷售期間結束商品的剩餘價值為零。在現實生活中，季節性商品的易腐性(perishability)與市場快速變化，隨著銷售時間的消逝，對消費者而言不再具有初始的價值，消費者的購買意願隨時間遞減。然而消費者的購買意願不僅受時間遞減影響，亦受剩餘存貨數量、樣式多寡所影響。故在研究中，以週期性定價策略(Periodic Pricing Review Policies)模式為基礎下，提出存貨水準與需求相依因素，利用週期性定價模式與本研究最適定價模式取得之價格與收益數據，分析兩者的差異，追求更合理、更準確的定價決策過程。

摘要(英)

In this paper we study optimal dynamic pricing strategies for the seasonal goods with consider of inventory-level dependent demand in retail stores. The main assumptions that determine the pricing policy in our paper are the finite planning horizon, the perishable of the products, and the fact that, after deciding the initial inventory, the cost of the goods is a sunk cost. On the other hand, the salvage value of the unsold units is zero after the selling horizon. Practically, in the fashion industry that it’s perishable and its market vary fast, in general, consumers willing to pay lower price to buy toward the end of the season. But it is influenced that consumers’ purchase will is not merely decreased progressively by time, also influenced by the quantity of the surplus stock, number of design. We use the periodic pricing review policies as a benchmark against which we compare more rational and more accurate models that consider inventory-level dependent demand factor. We also show the difference that the initial pricing and the expecting profit of the models which we present.

關鍵字(中)

★ 保留價格
★ 動態定價
★ 季節性商品
★ 存貨水準與需求相依

關鍵字(英)

★ reservation pricing
★ inventory-level dependent demand
★ seasonal goods
★ dynamic pricing

論文目次

目錄............................................................................................................. I
圖目錄.....................................................................................................III
表目錄..................................................................................................... IV
第一章緒論..............................................................................................1
1.1 研究動機.........................................................................................................1
1.2 研究目的.........................................................................................................4
1.3 研究架構.........................................................................................................8
第二章文獻探討....................................................................................10
2.1 保留價格.......................................................................................................10
2.2 訂價策略.......................................................................................................11
2.3 需求分配.......................................................................................................13
2.4 存貨水準與需求相依...................................................................................14
第三章模型與求解步驟........................................................................16
3.1 前言...............................................................................................................16
3.2 環境假設.......................................................................................................17
3.3 符號定義說明...............................................................................................18
3.4 需求模式.......................................................................................................19
3.4.1 保留價格分配設定............................................................................19
3.4.2 存貨水準對需求的影響....................................................................20
3.4.3 需求模式............................................................................................20
3.5 目標函數與求解過程...................................................................................21
3.5.1 零售商期望利潤函數........................................................................21
3.5.2 求解流程............................................................................................23
第四章數值分析....................................................................................26
4.1 基本案例.......................................................................................................26
4.1.1 基本案例參數設定............................................................................26
4.1.2 基本案例分析....................................................................................28
4.2 敏感度分析...................................................................................................31
4.2.1 u 值造成的變化................................................................................31
4.2.1 0 f 值造成的變化...............................................................................33
4.3 保留價格參數變異.......................................................................................35
4.3.1 參數設定與情境假設........................................................................35
4.3.2 兩期為例之分析................................................................................36
第五章結論與未來展望........................................................................41
參考文獻..................................................................................................44
附錄...........................................................................................................48
附錄一本研究和B&M 價格比較圖-二期，保留價格不變...........................48
附錄二本研究和B&M 收益比較圖-二期，保留價格不變...........................48
附錄三本研究保留價格差異比較圖-價格......................................................49
附錄四本研究保留價格變異比較圖-收益......................................................49

參考文獻

中文
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指導教授

葉英傑(Ying-chieh Yeh)

審核日期

2007-6-25

推文