落錘式撓度儀於台灣國道鋪面撓度校估模式之建立

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陳柏瑞(Bo-Ruei Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

落錘式撓度儀於台灣國道鋪面撓度校估模式之建立
(Construct the Deflection Correction via Falling Weight Deflectometer at National Freeway)

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摘要(中)

落錘式撓度儀(falling weight deflectometer，FWD)為目前最有效且發展較為成熟的鋪面非破壞檢測設備，藉由檢測之結果可了解鋪面結構的現況，進而推估剩餘壽命。本研究使用國道高速公路局之Dynatest 8000型FWD進行鋪面檢測，並依據試驗斷面和現地施測的結果研擬一套適用於台灣地區之FWD標準操作程序，與本土化鋪面撓度校估模式以及面層回算值溫度校估方法，以提供未來指標門檻值建立之參考，做為評估國道高速公路鋪面結構的依據。
本研究首先建立一標準試驗斷面場，當中包含國道一號、國道三號、國道六號以及排水和SMA鋪面，並以 LTPP與ASTM之FWD現地操作方法為參考，於標準試驗斷面和高速公路現地進行檢測，訂定本土化之FWD標準操作程序，之後驗証美國常用之溫度預測模式、撓度校估模式以及面層回算值溫度校估模式，其結果發現國外常用之各項模式於台灣的適用性較低，因此有必要重新發展本土化之撓度校估方法。
研究於2007/06~2008/06收集3302筆溫度梯度資料，以及2007年冬季~2008年春季兩季共727組撓度數據進行分析。依據驗証的結果，新溫度預測模式可準確的推估鋪面有效溫度，並發現瀝青處理底層不影響有效溫度的位置。且由國道高速公路現地檢測之結果可知，使用撓度盤理論配合統計方法所發展之撓度校估模式相當適用於台灣地區，面層回算值溫度校估模式更可做為鋪面結構評估之參考。因此本研究希望藉由各項研究成果，提供未來路面養護管理單位掌握鋪面結構現況，作為高速公路局路面維護管理決策之依據，與後續研究之用。

摘要(英)

Falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is the most effective and well-developed nondestructive testing equipment and has been used to evaluate the structural capacity and calculate the remaining life of pavements. With Dynatest 8000 FWD of Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau (MOTC), this study draws a set of field operation guideline, local pavement deflection correction model, and backcalculation procedures appliable to freeways in Taiwan based on the result of field testing.
This study constructed a standard test field, including test sections representing Freeway No. 1, No. 3, No. 6, drainage, and stone mastic asphalt (SMA) pavements. Standard FDW operation procedures were developed based local testing experiences, with reference to the LTPP and ASTM standard procedures. Then, the study evaluated several pavement temperature prediction models, and pavement deflection correction model for applicability in Taiwan’s freeway, and found it necessary to develop localized pavement deflection correction model.
This study collected 3,302 temperature gradient data during 2007/06 to 2008/06, and 727 deflection statistics from 2007/12 to 2008/3 for analysis. A new temperature prediction model is proposed to accurately predict the effective temperature of pavements. From testing results on freeway, it is found that the deflection correction model based on deflection theory and statistics is fairly applicable to Taiwan. The results of this study provide a useful meansof evaluating pavement structures and can be used in the decision-making of pavement maintenance for National Freeway Bureau.

關鍵字(中)

★ FWD標準檢測程序
★ 溫度預測模式
★ 溫度校估
★ 撓度校估

關鍵字(英)

★ deflection correction
★ temperature correction
★ temperature prediction model
★ FWD standard operation procedure

論文目次

目錄
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 研究方法與流程 2
第二章文獻回顧 5
2.1 落錘式撓度儀 5
2.2 FWD標準檢測程序 8
2.3 溫度預測模式 12
2.3.1 BELLS溫度預測模式 13
2.3.2 密西根溫度預測模式 17
2.4 撓度影響因子校估分析 20
2.4.1 德州溫度校估模式 20
2.4.2 北卡溫度校估模式 22
2.4.3 中大溫度、荷重、厚度校估模式 26
2.4.4 LTPP撓度盤溫度校估模式 28
2.5 應力回算值校估分析 33
2.6 顯著撓度指標與撓度盤參數 37
第三章研究樣本與檢測計畫 41
3.1 標準試驗斷面設計 41
3.2 鋪面溫度梯度與溫降試驗 54
3.3 標準試驗斷面與現地檢測 56
第四章標準檢測程序與新溫度預測模式 59
4.1 標準檢測程序之建立 59
4.1.1 撓度計位置 59
4.1.2 目標荷重與誤差分析 61
4.1.3 荷重打擊數 64
4.1.4 回算有效溫度值 67
4.2 溫度預測模式之建立 68
4.2.1 國外溫度預測模式之驗証 68
4.2.2 新溫度預測模式 69
4.2.3 新溫度預測模式之驗証 79
第五章校估模式 82
5.1 撓度校估模式之建立 82
5.1.1 溫度校估模式 82
5.1.2 荷重與厚度校估模式 100
5.1.3 新撓度校估模式與現地驗証 113
5.2 面層溫度回算校估模式之建立 120
5.3 高速公路現地回算分析 125
第六章結論與建議 130
6.1 結論 130
6.2 建議 131
參考文獻 133
附錄A 標準試驗斷面材料特性 137
A-1 篩分析試驗 137
A-2 阿太堡限度試驗與土壤分類 139
A-3 夯實試驗 140
A-4 洛杉磯磨損試驗 141
A-5 試驗斷面壓實度 142
A-6 瀝青回彈模數試驗 145
附錄B 標準撓度值 146
B-1 標準撓度值 146
B-2 排水與SMA試驗斷面 148
B-3 國道三號現地撓度校估 154
附錄C 新溫度預測模式統計分析 157
C-1 迴歸模型適合性 157
C-2 新溫度預測模式驗証分析 159
附錄D FWD相關術語 160
附錄E FWD校正 163
E-1 絕對校正 163
E-2 相對校正 163
E-3 DMI校正 164
附錄F 撓度值異常之判定 165

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指導教授

黃偉慶(Wei-Hsing Huang)

審核日期

2008-7-17

推文