應用時間序列分析於GPS多路徑效應之研究

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姓名

江偉銘(Wei-Ming Chiang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

應用時間序列分析於GPS多路徑效應之研究
(Study on GPS Multipath Effects Using Time Series Analysis)

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摘要(中)

在GPS短基線相對定位的應用上，使用二次差分可以消除大部分的誤差，多路徑效應誤差卻因測站間環境與衛星幾何構形的不同而無法去除。因此在高精度的GPS定位中，多路徑效應為主要的誤差來源之ㄧ。GPS定位精度的提升有賴於多路徑效應誤差的降低與消除，當衛星群幾何構形重覆出現時，多路徑效應具有重複性質。
本研究以GPS衛星群與接收天線間，每一恆星日的幾何重複性為基礎，探討GPS短基線定位的坐標時間序列特性，分析多路徑效應影響量與重複性，並使用恆星日濾波與最小二乘調和估計來降低多路徑效應的影響量，研究結果顯示這些方法在GPS靜態與緩速動態定位上，對於精度提升皆有正面的效益。

摘要(英)

Most of the errors affecting GPS positioning in short baseline are minimized by double differencing technique, multipath effects error will remain due to the highly site-specific nature of reflection of GPS signals from nearby surfaces. Accordingly, multipath effects error is considered one of the major errors affecting precise GPS positioning. Estimates of position using GPS are improved by removing multipath signals, which repeat when the GPS constellation appears again.
The foundation of this research is the geometry between the GPS satellites and the receiving antenna should repeat in every sidereal day. The objective is to discuss the characteristic of the GPS positioning time series and analyze the influences and repetitions of multipath effects. This error can be reduced by using sidereal filtering and least squares harmonic estimation. The result demonstrates that the accuracy of the GPS static and slow-moving kinematic positioning can be improved by these methods effectively in GPS short baseline.

關鍵字(中)

★ 時間序列分析
★ 多路徑效應
★ 全球定位系統

關鍵字(英)

★ GPS
★ Multipath Effects
★ Time Series Analysis

論文目次

目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 V
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 論文架構 5
第二章 GPS 衛星定位理論基礎 6
2.1 GPS 衛星觀測量之函數模式 6
2.1.1 虛擬距離觀測方程式 6
2.1.2 載波相位觀測方程式 8
2.1.3 差分模式 9
2.1.4 GPS衛星星曆 11
2.2 最小二乘混合平差模式 12
2.3 觀測資料之隨機模式 13
2.4 白化濾波與相位模稜搜尋 14
2.4.1 白化濾波理論 14
2.4.2 相位模稜搜尋 15
2.5 統計檢定 15
第三章多路徑效應分析與精度提升 18
3.1 GPS衛星群週期分析 21
3.2 時間序列分析 22
3.2.1 自相關函數 22
3.2.2 相關係數 24
3.3 恆星日濾波 25
3.4 最小二乘調和估計 27
3.4.1 調和函數模式 27
3.4.2 最小二乘法 29
第四章實驗成果與分析 33
4.1 實驗資料背景 33
4.2 實驗成果 33
4.2.1 GPS衛星群週期分析成果 34
4.2.2 零基線實驗成果 38
4.2.3 SPP0-SPP3(18.3 m)基線實驗成果 40
4.2.4 SPP0-NA00(8.3 km)基線實驗成果 54
第五章結論與建議 68
5.1 結論 68
5.2 建議 70
參考文獻 71
附錄A 緩速動態實驗 75

參考文獻

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指導教授

吳究(Joz Wu)

審核日期

2008-7-16

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