溶解反應對碳酸岩孔隙率與水力傳導係數之影響

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張星悅(Hsing-Yue Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

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應用地質研究所

論文名稱

溶解反應對碳酸岩孔隙率與水力傳導係數之影響
(Evolution of Porosity and Hydraulic Conductivity Induced by Dissolution in Carbonate Rocks)

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摘要(中)

地下流體流經多孔隙介質會帶動化學物種遷移，並伴隨發生地球化學反應，由於多孔隙介質礦物固體材料之溶解或沉澱反應，使得多孔隙介質之孔隙率改變，進而改變多孔隙介質之水力傳導係數。本研究目的是探討地下流體流經碳酸岩之溶解反應，對孔隙率與水力傳導係數之影響。
藉由實驗室批次與定流量管柱實驗，分別了解碳酸鈣表面的溶解速率，以及流體流經管柱時所發生之溶解反應所導致之孔隙率與水力傳導係數的變化。定流量管柱實驗中分別在不同流量、濃度、粒徑的條件下，觀察流體流經碳酸岩溶解反應對孔隙率與水力傳導係數之變化。結果顯示批次實驗裡CaCO3固體之溶解速率隨HCl溶液濃度增加而增加。定流量管柱實驗時，HCl溶液濃度愈高與流量愈大，皆會導致Ca2+生成量增加，反之HCl溶液濃度愈低與CaCO3固體顆粒間溶解反應較為完全，但Ca2+生成量相對增加趨緩。本研究所選定的CaCO3固體顆粒粒徑差異太小，使得CaCO3固體顆粒對孔隙率與水力傳導係數變化並未有顯著影響出現。本研究中流體流經管柱中CaCO3固體顆粒以SEM掃描發現，CaCO3固體顆粒產生溶解反應後，而產生CaCO3再結晶於CaCO3固體顆粒表面。

摘要(英)

While flowing through a porous medium, migration of solute causes mineral dissolution and precipitation, thus modifying porosity and hydraulic conductivity. This study investigates the evolution of porosity and hydraulic conductivity induced by dissolution of carbonate rocks.
Batch experiments were carried out to understand the dissolution rates of CaCO3. Column experiments with constant flow rate were subsequently executed to investigate the evolution of porosity and hydraulic conductivity affected dissolution in carbonate rocks. Evolution of porosity and hydraulic conductivity induced by dissolution under different conditions of flow rates, HCl concentration and particles size were examined. Results show that higher HCl concentrations cause a faster CaCO3 dissolution of the porous medium in batch experiment. Moreover, higher HCl concentrations and larger flow rates cause faster increments in porosity and permeability. The size of CaCO3 particle has insignificant influences on the evolution of porosity and permeability. Additionaly, re-crystallized CaCO3 particles were found in SEM.

關鍵字(中)

★ 孔隙率
★ 溶解反應
★ 水力傳導係數
★ 碳酸岩

關鍵字(英)

★ dissolution
★ carbonate rocks
★ hydraulic conductivity
★ porosity

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要.............................................................................................................i
英文摘要............................................................................................................ii
誌謝...................................................................................................................iii
目錄...................................................................................................................iv
圖目錄...............................................................................................................vi
表目錄.............................................................................................................xiv
一、緒論..........................................................................................................1
1-1 前言.....................................................................................................1
1-2 研究目的.............................................................................................2
二、文獻回顧..................................................................................................3
2-1 實驗室模型實驗.................................................................................3
2-2 數值模擬.............................................................................................5
三、材料與方法..............................................................................................7
3-1 實驗流程.............................................................................................7
3-2 實驗準備.............................................................................................9
3-2-1碳酸鈣準備....................................................................................9
3-2-2酸性溶液配置.................................................................................10
3-3 批次實驗............................................................................................12
3-3-1實驗方法.......................................................................................12
3-3-2實驗步驟.......................................................................................13
3-3-3化學機制.......................................................................................13
3-3-4實驗計算公式..............................................................................13
3-4 管柱實驗...........................................................................................15
3-4-1實驗方法......................................................................................15
3-4-2 實驗裝置.....................................................................................15
3-4-3 實驗步驟.....................................................................................19
3-4-4 成分分析.....................................................................................21
3-4-5 實驗計算公式.............................................................................25
3-5 掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM）...............................................................27
四、結果與討論............................................................................................31
4-1 批次實驗...........................................................................................31
4-2 定流率管柱實驗...............................................................................37
4-2-1 管柱實驗出流水中Ca2+濃度的變化.........................................39
4-2-2 HCl溶液濃度對孔隙率與水力傳導係數之影響.......................54
4-2-3流速對孔隙率與水力傳導係數之影響......................................70
4-2-4 粒徑對孔隙率與水力傳導係數之影響.....................................85
4-3 碳酸岩表面微觀變化......................................................99
五、結論與建議............................................................................................107
5-1 結論...................................................................................................107
5-2 建議...................................................................................................108
參考文獻..........................................................................................................109
附錄一、溶解效率、孔隙率、水力傳導係數之實驗數據..............................113

參考文獻

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指導教授

陳瑞昇(Jui-Sheng Chen)

審核日期

2008-7-22

推文