工作特性對工作績效之影響-工作負荷認知與自我效能感調節效果之探討

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廖佳音(Chia-Yin Liao) 查詢紙本館藏

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企業管理學系

論文名稱

工作特性對工作績效之影響-工作負荷認知與自我效能感調節效果之探討
(The Relationship between Job Characteristics and Performance-The moderating effect of workload and self-efficacy)

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摘要(中)

本研究的目的在探討員工的工作特性(任務特徵、知識特徵、社會特徵)、工作負荷認知以及自我效能感對任務績效、脈絡績效的影響，其中工作負荷認知和自我效能感為工作特性對績效影響的的調節變項。本研究利用網路及紙本問卷施測，共蒐集526份有效樣本，男生為218人(42.08%)，女生為300人(57.91%)，遺漏值有8筆，量表的信度良好，並進行驗證性因素分析，確立量表的因素效度，同時以相關分析和階層迴歸進行研究假設的分析與驗證。
根據研究結果顯示，工作特性(任務特徵、知識特徵、社會特徵)、工作負荷認知以及自我效能感分別對任務績效及脈絡績效具有顯著的正向影響。對於知識特徵及任務特徵而言，當員工工作負荷認知越高，會強化工作特性對任務績效及脈絡績效的正向關係；反之當員工的工作負荷認知越低，工作特性對任務績效及脈絡績效的正向關係則會被弱化；但對任務特徵而言，工作負荷認知的高低，對其無顯著的影響。同樣的，對任務特徵及社會特徵，自我效能感越高會強化工作特性對任務績效的正向關係；反之當自我效能感越低，工作特性對任務績效的正向關係則會被弱化；但對知識特徵而言，自我效能感的高低，對其無顯著的影響；另外對任務特徵、知識特徵、社會特徵，自我效能感的高低，對工作特性與脈絡績效的正向關係並沒有顯著的影響。
從實務上的意義來說，適度的提升員工的工作負荷認知及自我效能感，會強化工作特性對任務績效、脈絡績效的正向關係，進而達到高穩定且高效能的工作績效。本研究的研究成果，對學術或實務界的應用上，均具有重要意義。

摘要(英)

This purpose of this study is to inquiry the relationship between job characteristics (including task characteristics, knowledge characteristics and social characteristics), workload and self-efficacy. The study adopted questionnaires to get the real answer from the employees in all walks of life, which 526 were valid exclusive of 45 invalid. The returned rate of valid questionnaires was 92.12%. This study used SPSS17.0 and Amos7.0 as tool to analyze the data for item validity, factor analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis.
Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that job characteristics, workload and self-efficacy all has positively influenced on task performance and contextual performance. This study also examined that workload and self-efficacy has brought moderating effect on the relationship between job characteristics and performance.

關鍵字(中)

★ 工作特性
★ 工作負荷認知
★ 自我效能感
★ 任務績效
★ 脈絡績效

關鍵字(英)

★ job characteristics
★ workload
★ self-efficacy
★ task performance
★ contextual performance

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章緒論 1
第一節研究動機 1
第二節研究背景與目的 1
第三節研究流程 5
第二章文獻探討 6
第一節工作特性 6
一、工作特性定義與起源 6
二、工作特性理論與發展 8
三、工作特性的評估 23
第二節工作負荷認知 26
一、工作負荷及工作負荷認知概念之起源 26
二、工作負荷認知定義 27
三、工作負荷認知與壓力 30
四、工作負荷認知的相關研究 31
五、工作負荷認知的評估 32
第三節自我效能感 35
一、自我效能感定義與起源 35
二、自我效能感的理論基礎 36
三、自我效能感之相關研究 39
第四節研究架構及假設 40
第三章研究方法 44
第一節研究程序與樣本描述 44
第二節資料處理與分析 46
第三節研究工具 48
第四章研究結果 58
第一節研究變項描述 58
第二節研究變項之相關分析 61
第三節工作特性、工作負荷認知、自我效能對工作績效之影響 63
第五章結論與建議 82
第一節研究發現 82
第二節研究結論 86
第三節研究建議 91
附錄 100

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指導教授

邱皓政(Haw-Jeng Chiou)

審核日期

2009-7-2

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